Isikhumbuzo - kuyinto ... I zodumo zomhlaba

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu usethe izikhumbuzo kanye izikhumbuzo ahlukahlukene ukuzoqhubekisela imemori ubuntu ovelele noma imicimbi. Itshe lesikhumbuzo - isikhumbuzo ukuthi is zihlukaniswa Ubukhulu bayo ezinkulu. Namuhla, emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni asethwe izinkulungwane izikhumbuzo emasayizi nabobunjwa labehlukene.

Isikhumbuzo - a ...

Uyini lesikhumbuzo? Kunezinhlobo eziningana izakhiwo esiyisikhumbuzo, omunye okuyinto lesikhumbuzo. Lena lesikhumbuzo ekhethekile, okuyinto libhekene usayizi esikhulu kanye namafomu omkhulukazi. Lezi zici ezimbili nje lihlukaniswe lesikhumbuzo evamile. Nakuba izakhiwo imigomo emibili ivame ukwenza njenge omqondofana.

Iyini incazelo yegama elithi "lesikhumbuzo"? Ngakho, leli gama livela olimini lwesiLatini futhi elihunyushwa ngokuthi "inkumbulo isikhumbuzi" (monumentum). Ngokuvamile, noma ikuphi lesikhumbuzo kungenziwa ngokuthi isikhumbuzo uma inkulu.

zinhlobo Hlukanisa zezakhiwo omkhulukazi angabhekwa isikhumbuzo Inkazimulo. Lesi sithombe esiyisikhumbuzo, okuyinto Kumiswa ngenjongo aqhubekisela ukunqoba empini, noma impi ebalulekile. Ngakho, ezweni lakithi kuvamile kakhulu Inkazimulo Isikhumbuzo, ukuze badunyiswe amaqhawe bawa we 1941-1945 Omkhulu Patriotic kwesikhathi War.

Emazweni post-iSoviet, zodumo Lodumo angabhekwa a eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo "I-Motherland" Volgograd futhi Kiev, Isikhumbuzo Inkazimulo e Novosibirsk, Obelisk Inkazimulo e laseDnepropetrovsk nabanye.

Emkhathini ezisemadolobheni izikhumbuzo bavame ukuba luthathe indawo ebaluleke kakhulu. ngokuvamile maphakathi square, kanye starting amaphuzu ukuqhubeka ezisemadolobheni.

Umlando esikhumbuzo

Ngowokuqala ngqa emlandweni ezikhumbuzo babe evamile omngcwabo slabs futhi izakhiwo phezu kwamathuna. Futhi nazi ezikhumbuzo lokuqala eyenza umsebenzi ezithile yisikhumbuzo, kwakukhona kakade isimo sasendulo saseRoma. Lawa kwakungamadodana ekhumbulekayo yayinamakhothamo, amakholomu kanye eziqoshiwe baseRoma.

Empeleni, lesikhumbuzo wokuqala eYurophu baqala ukuvela ukubonwa ngekhulu XIX. Lawa kwakungamadodana okuthiwa nemengamo lokunqoba kanye amakholomu kanye namatshe amade abaziwe (njenge ezikhumbuzo lasendulo). Emazweni empumalanga, izikhumbuzo zenkolo okwandile - elikhulu Buddha eziqoshiwe, zegolide noma ezenziwe ngokuphelele igolide.

I zodumo

Sibala amanye amatshe ezikhumbuzo esivelele kunazo elalizokwakhiwa e izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba futhi okuvame kakhulu izithombe travel kanye nezivakashi.

Mhlawumbe, endaweni yokuqala kulolu hlu esikhumbuzo kufanele ithatha le Statue of Liberty e-New York. ukuphakama kwakhe - 93 metres, futhi esifanekisweni ngokwayo yasungulwa ngo-1886. Amakhulu zezivakashi nsuku zonke lesi lesikhumbuzo oluvelele. Ngokuphawulekayo, lesikhumbuzo futhi yenza umsebenzi navigation, njengoba inkomba esihle kakhulu amatilosi.

Ayikho ngaphansi ezikhangayo izivakashi kuyinto esifanekisweni likaJesu Kristu eRio de Janeiro. Ngu lesikhumbuzo imitha-46-okusezingeni eliphezulu, elise entabeni, yenza pilgrimage minyaka abacishe babe izigidi ezimbili abahambi.

Nokho, lesikhumbuzo ezinde kakhulu emhlabeni kuyinto statue Spring Temple Buddha e China. ukuphakama kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto 153 metres, futhi osungulwe Buddha kwaba ngo-2002.

Phakathi kwezakhiwo zodumo futhi elikhulu ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union kufanele ngokuthi isikhumbuzo Lenin e Volgograd (ukuphakama 57 metres), ebaziwe owaziwa "Isisebenzi sabaqashi Ipulazi Girl" eMoscow (ukuphakama 58 metres), kanye Independence lesikhumbuzo e Kiev (ukuphakama 61 metres).

Ekuphetheni

Ngakho, kukhona izinhlobo eziningana izikhumbuzo: ukubaza, imifanekiso eqoshiwe, nezikhumbuzo, izikhumbuzo, namatshe amade abaziwe. Phakathi kwabo eceleni isehlane lesikhumbuzo. Kuyinto lesikhumbuzo ezinobukhulu ezinkulu ikakhulukazi, okuyinto efakwe behlonipha kumuntu othile noma isehlakalo ethize yomlando. Ngokuvamile, lezi zakhiwo kuhluke monumentality, isikali kanye solemnity.