Isifinyezo se "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali". Okuqukethwe ezingxenyeni ze-Verna inoveli "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali"

O, lo Jules Vern ongenalutho ... Ngamanye amahloni kwamholela ezindabeni ezimbi, njengokungathi zithathwe kusukela esikhathini esizayo esikude. Le ndoda, engumngane othembekile kakhulu kuDumas son, nguye owokuqala ukubhala mayelana nokuhamba isikhala esenziwe ngosizo lobuchwepheshe. Ngandlela-thile, i-module yokugibela abagibeli Columbia, kanye ne-American real shuttle Columbia, yenziwe nge-aluminium. Umkhumbi wamanzi wokuqala wezwe ubizwa ngeNautilus, ngokuhlonipha umkhumbi wamanqamu ongaphansi kwamanzi kaCaptain Nemo. Okuyiqiniso kwakuyizimpi ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezilindelwe umlobi wezesayensi, futhi umkhonto uya endaweni.

Mhlawumbe wayekulindele izimpi zezwe ezizayo. In the noveli "500 million Begums" hero hero main, isiJalimane ngokuzalwa, waphupha ukubusa emhlabeni. Futhi e-"Paris yekhulu lama-20" ukuphakama kwezakhiwo, abantu basemadolobheni baqhuba izitimela zikagesi, futhi amakhompiyutha anamandla asebenza emabhange.

Mayelana naye ungakwazi ukukhuluma ngokungapheli ... Nokho, isihloko salesi sihloko yisifinyezo se "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali", incwadi eyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni yiJules Verne.

Robinsonade womlobi wesithathu

Leveli, eyabhalwa umlobi oneminyaka engamashumi amane nesithupha ubudala, yayilindele ngokulangazela ukufundwa komhlaba jikelele (uJules Verne, ngenani lezinguqulo ezishicilelwe, wathatha indawo yesibili emva kuka-Agatha Christie). Ukuphakama okukhulu kwathandwa yizincwadi zangaphambilini zeJules-Vernovsky Robinsonade: "AmaLungu angama-20 000 ngaphansi kwamanzi", kanye ne "Children of Captain Grant". Uhlobo lweRobinsonade, lapho abantu abaye bawela khona emhlabeni wendalo, baphikisana nezimo, babuyele ezweni eliphucukile, ngaleso sikhathi babethandwa kakhulu.

Abalingiswa abakhulu. Isingeniso

Okuqukethwe okufishane kwe "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali" kuqala ngocingo: iziboshwa zempi, abameleli bebutho laseNyakatho, ababalekela eningizimu ngokuhamba ngendiza evela eRichmond ebhaleni, ngenxa yesiphepho ngoMashi 23, 1865, bazitholela esiqhingini sehlane e- 7 000 miles ukusuka kuleli zwekazi. Bangobani, amaRobinsons amasha?

Umholi wabo uKores Smith Smith - ososayensi kanye nenjiniyela. Lo ngumuntu onamahloni oneminyaka engu-45 ubudala onamahloni futhi onamahloni ngekhanda elifushane futhi amadevu. Ungumuntu onesibindi, ngoba wabamba iqhaza ezimpi eziningi ngaphansi komyalo kaGener Grant. Uhamba nenceku ehlonishwayo futhi ethembekile - indoda enamandla ekhanda elimnyama uNab.

Ngabanye eqenjini elilodwa, intatheli yezempi yaseNew York Herald, uGideon Spilett, ongenabuthakathaka, onamandla futhi ohlakaniphile, owakhuthaza ngisho namasosha ngesibindi nokungesabi. Ngaphandle ungumuntu omude, onamandla ngokomzimba cishe cishe engamashumi amane anokukhanya, i-whiskers encane. Yena, kanye noKoresmith Smith, ungumqali wokubalekela. Isifinyeto se "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali" sinikeza zona njengabantu abafana nomqondo, abantu bebhizinisi kanye nesinqumo esinqunyiwe, i-backbone yethimba.

Nabo intando yesikhathi esizayo yabuye yaba yindoda yangempela yolwandle , indoda ejwayele ulwandle hhayi ngezwi lokuzwa - umkhumbi uPencroff. Ngabo kanye yindodana yomphathi ofika noPencroff eRichmond, uHerbert Brown oneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Umkhumbi ohamba kahle, ogibele ngaphansi kukayise, unakekela insizwa njengendodana. Uzimisele futhi uhlakaniphile. U-Pencroff onomqondo onobungozi wokubalekela ekuthunjweni ebhola.

Ukuwa kwebhaluni nokulondoloza

Uhlobo lwebhuku ngokwayo lucacisa indlela yokudala yemicimbi eqhubekayo. Isifinyeto se "Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali", siphakamisa ukuthi isakhiwo senveli, njengawo wonke amaRobinsonades, sivamekile. Amaqhawe akhe ngabantu abaye baba izisulu zezimo, ngamandla omoya wabo, ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo futhi ukuthola amandla phezu kwekusasa labo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, badlula izilingo ezinkulu nezinselele.

Ibhaluni lababaleki baqala ngesivunguvungu. Ngokusobala abantu babesengozini, kodwa lena yindlela ewukuphela kokuqapha izimbangi futhi babalekele bengaboni. Empeleni, ukugibela ibhola esiqhingini kwakungekho, kwakukhona ukuphazamiseka. UKorem Smith kanye nenja yakhe baphonswa ngaphandle kwebhasikidi ibhola ngaphandle kwabo bonke ababaleki. Yena, esephelile, wathola indawo eqhele ngamakhilomitha ukusuka ogwini, wathola inceku ethembekileyo uNab. Ngakho-ke, ngokwemvelo ku-Robinsonade: kusukela enhlekeleleni iqala inkaba, ngokulandelana, nokuqukethwe kwayo emfushane.

Isiqhingi esingavamile sasingenisa izihambi. Lakhiwe izitshalo nezilwane. Lapha, ngenhlanhla, kwakulula ngokwanele ukuthola ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.

Ekuqaleni, abahambi bathola i- bivalve mollusks, e- lithotome. Ukudla okutholakala kalula kwakungamaqanda amajuba anamadwala. Zitholwe yilabo abanesithakazelo kwezilwane zezilwane uHerbert Brown. Lesi siqhingi samanzi amasha, izihlahla zakhula lapha. U-Pencroff ubophe intambo engenasiphelo esivela ku-liana, wakha i-raft, efanelekile ukuwela umfula futhi agibele kuwo. Ngakho kwaqala iRobinsonade yamazwe aseMelika ahlakaniphile-aseNyakatho.

Umsebenzi wokudala wabahlali

Ngokungafaneleki kulolu hlobo lwezakhi zokuvakasha izindlu zokwakha izindlu zikhona esakhiweni, ngeke luqaphele futhi ziqukethe. Lesi siqhingi esiyimfihlakalo sinikeza isigodlo esiyisihlanu semvelo - umhume we-granite, ngisho nangombono omuhle kakhulu, ukuvula umbukeli ohlala endlini enqaba kangaka. Phela, idwala, lapho le ndawo yokuhlala khona, ligcwele phezu kwezwe lonke.

Abakoloni bamazwe aseNyakatho base bevele behlanganyela ekutshalweni kwezitshalo (kusukela isimangaliso esitholakala ephaketheni likaHerbert sokhula olulodwa lwekolweni, bakhula lesi siko lokusanhlamvu ngesamba esanele sokwenza isinkwa esijwayelekile). Isiqhingi manje sinikela abahlali ngenyama, ubisi, izingubo. Phela, zifake ama-mouflons, izingulube. Zigcina izilwane ngesakhiwo esibizwa ngokuthi i-coral.

Bakha futhi badonsa izilwane, futhi mayelana nalesi simo sichaza okuqukethwe kwethu okufushane endabeni. "Isiqhingi esingavamile" sakhiwa nezinkawu. Omunye wabo, wagijimela endaweni yakhe yokuhlala i-orangutan, wakwazi ukuthambisa. Isilwane, esihlanganiswe nabo, esiba umngane wabo wangempela, sabizwa ngokuthi iJupe.

Noma kunjalo, izifiki zizizwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi kukhona isifiso esihle esiqhingini. Ngempela, isipho esibaluleke kakhulu kulabo abahlanu baseMelika kwakuyibhokisi lamathuluzi, izitsha, izingalo ezincane nezinhlamvu ezitholakala ekuseni emgqeni wobhishi. Manje, ulwazi lobunjiniyela likaKores Smith lwaluvumela amaRobinson ukuba alungise ukukhiqizwa kokubaluleke kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, hhayi kuphela ulwazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kokuphila kwabahlali abaqukethe okuqukethwe okufushane. I-Vern "Isiqhingi Esimangalisa" siyishintsha ibe ngumsebenzi onamandla ngokuthuthukisa inkundla yombhalo ngezinhlamvu ezintsha.

Ukubhukuda cishe. I-Tabor

U-Sailor Pencroff, ngokufunda ngokucophelela imephu ngokucophelela efake icala lakhe ipensela ngamathuluzi umuntu ongaziwa kahle, wathola ukuthi eduze kwesiqhingi lapho yena nabangane bakhe bahlala manje, kunesinye isiqhingi, iTabor. Ingulube yolwazi ehlangene yabona ukuthi kunengqondo ukuyihlola. Abangane ndawonye bakha isikebhe esincane se-flat-bottomed boat futhi baqala ukuhlola indawo yamanzi yalesi siqhingi esiqhingini. Kanye nomkhumbi kukhona abantu ababili abangaphezu kwabo abathanda isithakazelo sikaPencroff, - intatheli yezokudala uGideon Spilet kanye noGarbert omncane. Bathola "incwadi yelwandle" - ibhodlela elivundiwe elinamanzi eliqukethe inothi ngokucela usizo. Umkhumbi, oye waphukelwa umkhumbi, ulindele usizo, uhlala cishe. I-Tabor. Lokhu yisifinyezo sayo (Vern "Isiqhingi Esinqabayo" sakha isimiso sombuzo). Ngempela, ukufika esiqhingini. I-Tabor, abangane bathola lo muntu. Usesimweni esanele sokwazi. U-Ayrton (lelo kwakuyigama le-pirate yangaphambili) - isigamu-esendle, esenezinwele futhi egqoke izidalwa ezinamahloni, ezama ukuhlasela le nsizwa kaGarbert. I-Togo isiza abangani bami. U-Ayrton uboshiwe futhi uthunyelwe esiqhingini saseLincoln eGranite Castle (njengoba abangane bebiza ucingo wabo-yokuhlala).

Umlando we-Ayrton

Ukunakekelwa nokudla kwakwenza umsebenzi wabo: u-Ayrton ophendukile watshela ngomlando wakhe ongenangqondo. Eminyakeni eyishumi nambili edlule, yena, njengenqaba ephelele yomphakathi, kanye nofana naye, izithunywa zazama ukuthutha umkhumbi "Duncan". UCaptain Edward Glenarvan wasindisa lo mthetho, kodwa wamshiya cishe. ITabor, etshela u-Ayrton ukuthi uzomthatha, aphinde afundiswe, ngelinye ilanga. Ngakho, u-Ayrton wakhipha isigwebo sakhe esiqhingini. Lona indaba yakhe imfushane kakhulu. Isiqhingi esingaqondakali saba yisiboshwa.

Ukusuka esiqhingini saseThabori babuyela ebumnyameni ... Abaqolonisi basindisa umlando - umlilo ogwini. Bese banquma ukuthi ukhulunywe yiN Negro Nab. Kwaphumela - cha. Watshiswa ngumngane ongaqondakali ... (Nokho, "iposi lebhokisi" kwakuwumsebenzi wezandla zakhe.) U-Ayrton akazange abhale inothi.)

Ukuhlala komnotho wabahlali

Iminyaka emithathu uKores Smith ahlala ngayo nabangane bakhe esiqhingini ayengasetshenziswanga. Epulazini labo - umshini, ipulazi lezinkukhu, amasimu kakolweni, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yeboya. Kukhona ngisho ne-telegraph ehlanganisa indawo yokuhlala yabolonontiya ku-coral lapho begcina khona izilwane.

Kodwa-ke, ingozi esabekayo ilindele abangane bethu: echwebeni lesi siqhingi, umkhumbi we-pirate uphonsa ihange lawo. Amandla akalingani ngokulinganayo. U-Ayrton, owenza ukuhlonishwa ebusuku, wasungula: kwakukhona abagibeli abangu-50 abaya emkhunjini.

Impi nama-pirates

Indawo yokulwa ibuye ihlobise isakhiwo kanye nokuqukethwe kwethu okufushane kwencwadi ethi "Isiqhingi Esingakahle". Izikebhe ezimbili ze-pirate zithwala izikhumba ezivela esikebheni kuya ogwini. AbaseNyakatho basebenzisa isibindi ukwamukela impi. Esinye sezikebhe, esilahlekelwe ama-corsairs amathathu, sibuyela. Owesibini onama-fighters ayisithupha ufikela enhlathini ehlanganiswe nehlathi, kanti izigebengu zifihla emahlathini.

AmaMelika, ngokusobala, alindele inhlekelele. Ekuqondeni kwabo, izibhamu ziphendulela umkhumbi wempi, izibhamu ziqala ukudubula endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa ngokuzumayo isenzakalo senzeke futhi, inhlonipho ehloniphekile ngamandla omngane wabo oyimfihlo. Umkhumbi we-Pirate uqhuma ngokushesha futhi ufe ngokushesha. Imayini yokulwa yasebenza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlobi usitshela ngempi yangempela namaqhawe, ngabanye abafundi abangaziwa abangazi lutho kodwa iZhulver ("Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali"). Okushiwo okufushane ukuthi kuqala ngokuhlaselwa kwabaqaphi abavela emkhunjini. Ngokuthembela ekujuleni komuntu abaphangi abenqatshelwe umkhumbi, abasenyakatho abazange baphishekele. Noma kunjalo, izikhukhumezi zaqala ibhizinisi labo elivamile - ukuphanga nokushiswa kwempahla yabakhileyo. Bathumba u-Ayrton, owahlukunyezwa unembeza wakhe, ngokuzithandela wayengahlali enqabeni ye-granite, kodwa eduze ne-coral. UKores Smith wamsiza nabangane bakhe. Kodwa-ke, izigebengu zihlukumeza kabi uGarbert osemusha. Abasenyakatho babuyela endaweni yabo. Umuntu olimazekile uqala umkhuhlane. Usindiswa umuthi ophonswa ngumngane ongaziwa.

Isishwankathelo se-Verna inoveli "Isiqhingi Esinqabayo" singena esiteji se-denouement. Abahlala kuzo banquma, ekugcineni, ukubhubhisa izivakashi ezingahambelwanga. Ngokombono wabo, ama-thugs ase-corral. Futhi kunjalo ngempela. Kodwa-ke, wonke ama-bandits afile, futhi eceleni kwabo ngu-Ayrton onamahloni, ongenalwazi ukuthi ufike kanjani (ama-pirates amgcine emhumeni). Futhi, ukutholakala komuntu ongaziwa ongaziwa kungenakwenzeka.

Ukubuyela emfundweni evamile. Kodwa-ke, ingozi entsha isongela abahlali: intaba-mlilo i-volcano kancane kancane iqala ukuvuka futhi ithole amandla. Isikebhe sasike sabhidlika saba yizigebengu ngamadwala. Abahlali abakhathazekile bayakwamukelwa ukwakha umkhumbi omkhulu ukushiya isiqhingi uma kunesidingo.

Ukukwazi nomsizi womfihlo

Ngesinye isikhathi emgodini wabo we-granite, i-telegraph evela e-corral ibangelwa. Okokugcina, umphathi owaziwa ngaphambili wayezimisele ukuhlangana nabo! Babizelwa kuye yiCoral. Ukukhokha lapho inothi (futhi into efunayo) iyaqhubeka ibaqondisa ngekhebula elibekwe - kwi-grotto emangalisayo. Lapha balindelwe umphathi wabo, induna eneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha ubudala uNemo, ovela emndenini waseNdiya u-Dakar, futhi ngokuqinisekiswa - isosha sokuzimela kwezwe lakubo. Usemdala, unesizungu. Emikhankaso nasemzabalazweni wokuzimela kwe-India abangane bakhe babulawa. Lona futhi usosayensi wokudala. I-Nautilus "engasetshenziswanga" yasolwandle yasungulwa futhi yahlanganiswa yiyo evela ezingxenyeni ezakhiwe ngabontonkontileka abahlukene. Ebona indlela yokufa, uKaputeni Nemo wabiza abahlali ukuba basize ukufeza into yokugcina - ukumsiza ukuba angcwatshwe kwalasha olwandle kanye neNautilus yakhe. Lo muntu ohloniphekile unikeza abahambi bethu ikhekethi ngezinto eziyigugu nezinye izinto ezingenayo intengo. Washiya inothi esiqhingini saseThabor, esibhekiswe kubasindisi. Lapho efa, abasenyakatho bagcwalisa ama-hatches bese behlisa phansi umkhumbi wamanzi. Lesi yisenzakalo esithinta inhliziyo kakhulu.

Inhlekelele yokugcina nensindiso

Ngokushesha, isiqhingi saseLincoln siqhuma ngenxa ye-volcano. Ukuqhuma kubonakala kungamandla amakhulu kangangokuthi abahlali baxosha abahlala etendeni, lapho bahamba khona ngenxa yengozi ezayo, emanzini. Ungavumeli imibala yezigcawu zokugcina iVerne G. ("Isiqhingi Esingaqondakali"). Isishwankathelo sezahluko siphelela ngensindiso ethinta inhliziyo. Abasolwandle abahamba ngomkhumbi we-Ayrton umkhumbi "Duncan", ohlotshaniswa nenothi etholakalayo, basuswe esiqhingini esingenasidingo esihlala esiqhingini sabasemzini, izinsuku ezimbalwa ezibulawa yindlala nokoma.

Lapho babuyela ezweni lakubo, abaseMelika bafaka izingcweti zanikelwa uKaputeni Nemo zibe yizinto ezibonakalayo, ukuthenga umhlaba, imfuyo, amathuluzi kanye nemishini. Bavuselela umnotho owodwa okhiqizayo kuleli zwekazi laseMelika njengoba benza kulo siqhingi, futhi bawuhola ngokuphumelelayo ndawonye.

Isiphetho

UJules Verne encwadini ethi "Isiqhingi Esimangalisa" wanika abafundi bakhe indaba ethakazelisayo mayelana namaMelika Robinson. Ukungafani komlobi kuyamangaza. Ekubunjweni kwencwadi kunezinhlobo zamasu zobuciko ezibonakalayo zezimbangi zamanje. Izigcawu ezilandelayo zihlobene ngokuvumelana nemithetho yangaphambilini ngokwemithetho yesicelo. Inhlekelele yokugcina nokusindiswa ngokuyisimangaliso kuboniswa ngokucophelela.

Ukwenza izinto ezintsha, kanye nesethulo sokubukwa kwendabuko kwakungumthombo wokuthandwa kwaso phakathi kwezigidi zabafundi.