Lalela Funda Kudivayisi kuphela Kwengeziwe Buka Kufakiwe Semen Gudzenko: biography of the poet

Abantu abaningi bazi igama elithi Semen Gudzenko, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ukuthi imbongi iphila kanjani, yimuphi umsebenzi abhalayo. Futhi ngempela wayenguye ngokwakhe, uGudzenko Semyon Petrovich, owaziwa yilo biography emfushane nje akakwazi kodwa abagxeka abahlaziyi bendabuko futhi abathanda izinkondlo zempi zangempela. Uma ufuna ukujwayelana nomuntu onethalente, odala futhi onobungane - ke isihloko sethu siwakho. Iqhawe lakhe linguSemyon Gudzenko, i-biography (ngokufishane) izokhulisa imibono yakho mayelana nendoda ethathwa ngokufanele njengomunye wabaholi bezinkondlo zama-forties.

Ubuntwana

Ekuqaleni kuka-1922, ngasekuqaleni kwenhlanzi yokugubha, imbongi yekusasa yase-Ukraine yazalwa edolobheni lasendulo lase-Ukraine laseKiev. U-Semen Gudzenko, owaziwa ngaye isikhathi eside ebuntwaneni, wazalwa emndenini ovamile. UBaba Semyon - uPyotr Konstantinovich, wayengunjiniyela wokwakha, unina - u-Olga Isaakovna, umJuda ngobuzwe, wasebenza njengomfundisi.

Ekhulela emfundweni efundisiwe, ekhuliswe, uSemyon Petrovich Gudzenko, owaziwa ngaye kanye nomsebenzi, ngokwemvelo, usekelwe ekuboneni kwezingane nentsha, wakhuliswa othandweni lwezesayensi, izincwadi kanye nezinkondlo ikakhulukazi.

Isilonda

Lapho eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, le nsizwa yangena eMoscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History (MIFLI). Noma kunjalo, impi ayizange ivumele ukuphothulwa kwemfundo.

USemyon Gudzenko, owaziwa ngendlela yakhe nendlela yakhe yokuphila eyashintsha ngokuphawulekayo ehlobo lika-1941, waya phambili kanye nezisebenzi zokuzithandela eziningi. Wasebenzela ngobuqotho nangesibindi, okuningi okubonakalayo nokuzwa kwakhe okuvezwe emisebenzini yezinkondlo.

Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kokugqashuka kwempi, izinkondlo zikaGudzenko zaqala ukunyatheliswa ngezikhathi zempi.

Ngemva konyaka lo mbongi osemusha wayelimala kabi ngegoli elidwenguliwe. Njengoba umlobi ngokwakhe kamuva wathi, wayehlale esaba isilonda esibulalayo esiswini. Kungcono engalweni, emlenzeni, ehlombe ... Kodwa i-splinter ishaya isisu.

Ukuphila ngemva kokulimala

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokulashwa nokuvuselelwa, imbongi onesibindi wayengafuni ukuya ekuphumuleni futhi waqala ukusebenza ephephandabeni. Manje ungumlobi wezempi. U-Semen Gudzenko, owaziwa ngokungahambisani naye ne-Great Patriotic War, wavakashela izinyawo eziningi eziyingozi. Ngamehlo akhe wabona ukuthi iSalalingrad, ebhujiswe amaNazi, yakhiwa, futhi yahlabelela isibindi nesibindi sabantu abavamile. Wahamba emigwaqweni yamasosha eHungary naseCarpathians, ehlanganyela nabafundi bakhe incazelo yezindawo ezihle kakhulu kanye nokuzijabulisa kwezempi ezivamile. Ihambise isivunguvungu kanye nokuthunjwa kukaBudapest, etshela izethameli zokufunda mayelana nayo yonke intshi yezwe elinqotshwe kanye nokunqoba kweSoviet.

Ngenxa yokusebenza kwakhe nemikhumbi yezempi yanikezwa imiklomelo eminingana ehloniphekile: i-Order of the Patriotic War II degree, i-Order of the Red Star, kanye nemindeni "Ukuvikela iMoscow."

Umsebenzi wokudala

U-Semen Gudzenko, owaziwa naye ngokungahambisani kahle nomsebenzi wokudala, wabhala izinkondlo ezinetalente ezisuselwe ezenzakalweni zempi kanye nemibono. Iqoqo lakhe lokuqala lashicilelwa ngo-1944, unyaka ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi, futhi yabizwa ngokuthi "Abazalwane Banye".

Khona-ke ezinye izingqoqo zezinkondlo zilandele: "Izinkondlo nama-Ballads", "Ngemuva kweMashi", "Amavesi eTranscarpathian", "I-Battle".

U-Semen Gudzenko, obani izinkondlo zakhe ezinemizwa eqotho, wasinda konke akuchazile emisebenzini yakhe. Ngakho-ke, izingoma zakhe zomculo zigcwele ubuqiniso obungakaze bube khona kanye nobuhlungu obukhethekile, obunesibindi nobuhlungu.

Izinkondlo ezicacile kakhulu

Imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu nokubhoboza umlobi yizinkondlo zakhe Ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kanye ne-Ballad yobudlelwano.

Umsebenzi wokuqala ngengozi emangalisayo nokuqiniswa okushoyo mayelana nemizwa nemizwelo yesosha ngaphambi kwempi:

"Lapho beya ekufeni kwabo - bahlabelela,

Futhi ngaphambi kwalokho ungakhala.

Emva kwakho konke, ihora elibi kakhulu empini -

Ihora lokulinda ukuhlaselwa. "

Yebo, amasosha ayesaba futhi akhala, ayesaba futhi ababa. Kodwa banqoba ukwesaba, bafeza umsebenzi wabo:

"Ukulwa kwakumfushane, bese kuthiwa

Bakhaza i-vodka ebandayo.

Futhi ukukhetha ngommese

Kusuka ngaphansi kweminwe enginayo enye igazi labantu. "

Ukuthi impilo yangempela yesosha ihluke kanjani ku-idealized, eboniswa kithi-izakhamuzi ezijwayelekile, ngokusebenzisa izibuko ezimibalabala.

"I-ballad of friendship" igcwele ukungena okufudumele nokufudumala. Ubuhlobo obuseduze buqinile kakhulu futhi bunokwethenjelwa kakhulu, buqinile futhi bungenakunyakaziswa, buhlolwe ngokushesha ekusebenzeni:

"Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi sigcine ubungane bethu,

Yeka indlela abantwana abavikela ngayo

Imitha yezwe elinamanzi,

Lapho bemyisa empini. "

I-ballad yezinkondlo ifana kakhulu nomsebenzi we-lyric "Eqhweni lobumhlophe esibhedlela", lapho isenzo sobuqhawe besodokotela wezempi esachitha igazi lakhe elisha elishisayo ngenxa yokulondoloza abanye ladluliselwa ngamazwi aqabile futhi ajabulisayo. Isinyathelo sokuzidela sensizwa sithathwa njengeqhawe.

Inkondlo ethi "Asiyikufa ngokuguga" isitshela ngokuphila kanzima ngemuva kwempi yalabo abasinda ekulimaleni nasekulimaweni. Amanxeba angokwengqondo, ukuhlupheka kwengqondo, ubuhlungu obungokomzimba abudluli futhi kubangele ukuhlupheka okuhlukumezayo, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubulalayo.

Izinsuku zokugcina

Ngemuva kwempi, uSenen Gudzenko, owaziwa ngaye ugcwaliswa ngokuncintisana nokudala, waqhubeka nokusebenza njengomlobi wezindaba. Ngama-1950, enye imisebenzi emisha yomsindo yashicilelwa:

• "Ikamu elide" (inkondlo mayelana nomsebenzi wansuku zonke we-servicemen eTurkmenistan);
• "Izindawo ezintsha";
• "I-Grave yomshayeli."

Isilonda, esitholwe ngo-1942 esibulalayo, sasizizwa njalo. Lesi sifo sathuthuka ngenyanga ngayinye futhi sabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungahambi kahle kumuntu.

Ukwazi ukuthi ufile, uSemyon Petrovich waqhubeka elwa nokuphila. Wabhala ngenkuthalo, wayemthanda ukuqoqa abangane eduze kwakhe, wazama ukuhola impilo evamile. Ukugula kubangele ukuhlupheka okungokwemvelo, kepha akuzange kubangele ukuthi imbongi ihlasele noma ihambe kancane. Eboshwe embhedeni, kancane kancane, ngokufa kabuhlungu, uGudzenko waqhubeka ehlala ethandana nomuntu othakazelisayo. Wayekhuluma kakhulu futhi wayenesithakazelo esikhulu empilweni yomphakathi, impumelelo entsha kanye nokuthola, izincwadi kanye nesiko lombuso.

Ngisho noma belahlekelwa ithuba lokubhala ngokuzimela, imbongi yakha izinkondlo ezingenakufa futhi yaziyala. U-Semen Gudzenko washona ebusika ngo-1953.

Ukuphila komuntu siqu

I-lyric yokuphila kwezempi yayishade noLarisa Zhadova, indodakazi yeqhawe lase-USSR, owabe esefika phezulu ekutadisheni umlando wezobuciko nobuciko.

Umlobi wayenendodakazi kaKatya, owayengeneminyaka emibili ubudala lapho efa. Ngemuva kwalokho, le ntombazane yamukelwa ngumyeni wesibili kaLarisa - uKonstantin Simonov. Manje indodakazi kaGudzenko isebenza eMoscow State University futhi ibambe isikhundla sekhanda lomnyango. Udokotela weSayensi, ufunda izifundo zaseMpumalanga.