Isibhakabhaka Mercury sika: kwengoma. Uyini umoya-Mercury?

Mercury - the iplanethi abaseduze to the Sun. It kungokwalabo cosmic nemizimba yasemhlabeni, futhi itholakala kolwesiNgisi kithi. Nokho, i-Mercury namuhla eyaziwa mayelana abambalwa. Esikhathini esithile esidlule, yena ayebhekwa njengengxenye iplanethi kahle eyaziwa kakhulu. nemingcele abahlukahlukene (uhlobo izici ebusweni sezulu, khona emkhathini, ukubunjwa yayo) Mercury ayikaziwa ngenxa isikhundla engeyinhle kakhulu le planethi ukuba bagcine futhi ukufunda ngosizo iziphuphutheki. Isizathu salokho - ukusondela ukuba Sun, okuyinto yona iyiphi kukhohliswa yena noma singayi kuye imishini. Noma kunjalo, phakathi namakhulu eminyaka imizamo njalo ozolandela yabuthelwa i material umxhwele, okwathi ngazo, ngemva kokuqala engu isikhala kwenezelwa idatha iziteshi interplanetary. Mercury umoya ungena uhlu izici ukuthi bahlola "Mariner-10" futhi "Isithunywa". Izacile emoyeni igobolondo le planethi, kanye nakho konke okuphezu kwalo, kweyame ukuchayeka njalo ukukhanya. Ilanga - isici main sokunquma futhi ekwakheni izimfanelo umoya Mercury sika.

observation Earth

Yazisa Mercury ebusweni iplanethi yethu kuzokuhlupha ngenxa yokuthi isondele weLanga futhi izici orbit. Ubonakala esibhakabhakeni impela emkhathizwe. Futhi njalo ngesikhathi sokushona kwelanga noma kwelanga. isikhathi Uhlala ngesikhathi esifanayo azinakwa. Ngesikhathi kakhulu izimo - lokho cishe amahora amabili nje kokuntwela futhi ngemva kokushona kwelanga kanye. Ezimweni eziningi, ozolandela ingeqi imizuzu 20-30.

isigaba

Mercury has esigabeni esifanayo njengoba inyanga. Nokuzungeza Sun, wayesebanga iphenduka ibe ucezu ewumngcingo, kuba umbuthano ephelele. Ngo yonke inkazimulo yayo iplanethi iyabonakala uma phambi Earth, ilanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingqapheli iza "inyanga egcwele" Mercury. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, le planethi kude esiphezulu eMhlabeni, nenkanyezi ilanga imisebe ukugxambukela observation.

Ukuhambisa emhlabeni wonke, i-Mercury uqala ngokubona ukwanda ngobukhulu njengoba bexoxa nathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo encishisiwe endaweni ebusweni esikhanyayo. Ekugcineni, iplanethi uphendulela kithi uhlangothi lwalo amnyama futhi uyanyamalala emehlweni. Njalo ngemva kweminyaka ethile ngesikhathi phakathi Sun Nomhlaba Mercury sihamba ngqo. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukubuka ukuhamba kwayo izibani disco.

ukubhekwa Izindlela

Mercury kungabonwa ngeso lenyama noma ngokusebenzisa izibonakude ukuze babheke sentathakusa futhi ngemva kokushona kwelanga, ie lapho kuhlwa. Ngosizo isibonakude encane amateur ukubona iplanethi aphumelele futhi ntambama, kodwa akukho imininingwane eyengeziwe ngalesi ukubabona. Kubalulekile ngesikhathi kokuma ezinjalo - ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuphepha. Mercury neze kakhulu kude Sun, futhi ngaleyo ndlela iso, futhi imishini kumele bavikelwe sikukhanyisela ngemisebe yaso.

An endaweni ekahle sokugubha iplanethi eliseduze inkanyiso - izindikimba entabeni futhi zindawo eziphansi. Lapha kulapho sezinkanyezi kufika umoya ohlanzekile, isibhakabhaka Licwathile, phakathi naleso sikhashana esifushane ukuhwalala.

Lokhu okwashiwo yilo mlobi Umhlaba wamsiza ukusungula yokuthi Mercury ayinakho emkhathini. izibonakude ezinamandla ukuze baye bavumela ukuba sicabangele izici eziningi emhlabeni ebusweni sendawo futhi abale i umehluko silinganisiwe lokushisa phezu Illuminated futhi obubi. Nokho, izindiza kuphela AMS (iziteshi othomathikhi interplanetary) lwalungaletha ukukhanya nezinye izici iplanethi, futhi ukucacisa idatha etholwe.

"Mariner 10"

Kuwo wonke umlando ukuhlola umkhathi ukuze Mercury ke wathumela amadivayisi amabili kuphela. Isizathu - a wazijika yenkinga futhi kubize ukuthi iyadingeka ukuze uphume esiteshini emzileni planethi. Eyokuqala yaya-Mercury "Mariner-10". Ngo 1974-1975, wahamba ngebhanoyi kathathu iplanethi eseduze nelanga. Ibanga esincane ohlukanisa apharathasi begodu Iphephandaba iThe Mercury angu-320. "Mariner 10" adluliselwa Umhlaba izithombe izinkulungwane ezimbalwa ebusweni kule planethi. It yathathwa cishe angu 45% Mercury. "Mariner 10" kulinganiswa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kwi Illuminated futhi obubi, kanye namandla kazibuthe kule planethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi wathola ukuthi umoya Mercury sika cishe non-akukho, esikhundleni saso alethe igobolondo ezondile emoyeni, ingxenye okuyinto helium likhona.

"Isithunywa"

AMC Okwesibili ethunyelwe Mercury, isibe "Messenger." Lwaqala ngo-August 2004. Wedlula eMhlabeni isithombe ingxenye ebusweni, okuyinto awagcinwa "Mariner-10", kulinganiswa sezwe kule planethi, imigodi yezintaba-mlilo yabheka ngathola amabala of angaziwa esimnyama (mhlawumbe amamaki esuka meteorite imithelela), ngokuvamile ezenzeka lapha. Iyunithi wafunda ama-solar, magnetosphere ka Mercury, igesi imvilophi yayo.

Injongo yalo ka "Isithunywa" laqedwa 2015. Wawa Mercury, kusale wentaba ezijulile phezu kuya ku-15 metres.

Ingabe kukhona umoya ku-Mercury?

Uma ufundisisa umbhalo langaphambilini, okuhle ukuthi ungase uphawule kuwukuziphikisa okuncane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okubonwayo phansi ezisekelwe ukhombise ukungabi khona noma yiluphi uhlobo kwaba igobolondo igesi. Ngakolunye, iyunithi "Mariner 10" adluliselwa Imininingwane Umhlaba owawuthi iplanethi Mercury umoya lisekhona futhi iqukethe helium. Esikhathini wezesayensi lo mlayezo futhi amashiya. Futhi akusiwona ukuthi kwakuphambene kokuma odlule. Vele Mercury sinezici ezinomthelela ukwakheka gasbag.

Uyini umoya? Le nhlanganisela amagesi izinto oluyingozi agcina ebusweni can kuphela amandla adonsela phansi inani elithile. Small ezindinganisweni isikhala Mercury lesi sici abakwazi ukuqhosha. Amandla adonsela phansi ngesikhathi ubuso bayo lingaphansi ephindwe kathathu kunaleyo Emhlabeni. Ngakho, iplanethi abakwazi ukugcina hhayi kuphela helium ne-hydrogen, kodwa amagesi futhi esinzima ngokwengeziwe. Noma kunjalo, yatholakala helium "Mariner-10".

lokushisa

Kunesinye futhi isici lapho ephonsa ukungabaza ngokuba khona emkhathini Mercury sika. Lona lokushisa kobuso iplanethi. Mercury kule iqhawe ndaba. Ngo emini izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngezinye izikhathi ifinyelela 420-450 ° C. Njengoba izindinganiso eziphakeme-molecule ama-athomu igesi aqale ukuhambisa ngokushesha futhi kancane kancane ukufinyelela yokuphunyuka velocity, okungukuthi, lutho ebusweni kungaba ukubamba. Emazingeni ka Mercury lokuqala kumelwe 'babalekele "zonke helium efanayo. Umqondo wukuthi akufanele kube emhlabeni eliseduze ilanga nhlobo, futhi cishe kusukela mzuzu lasungulwa.

isikhundla ekhethekile

Nokho impendulo yombuzo ophathelene nokuthi kukhona isimo ku-Mercury, uthambekele kokuhle, nakuba kuba uhlukile kulokho ngokuvamile kufihlwe ngemuva lo mqondo yezinkanyezi. Isizathu sokuba fantastic okunjalo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuba ukuthi sinjani ngempela isimo izindaba itholakala esiyingqayizivele indawo emhlabeni. Budebuduze izinkanyiso inquma eziningi izici zomzimba cosmic, nomkhathi Mercury akasiyena okuhlukile.

I imvilophi gaseous planethi njalo obala okuthiwa ama-solar wind. It avela umqhele ukukhanya futhi imele ukugeleza nuclei, ama-proton, ama-electron ne-helium. Nge-solar wind ukuze Mercury zilethwe ingxenye fresh we ketshezi oluyingozi. Ngaphandle yokudla enjalo helium ngabe wanyamalala surface iplanethi sika ngoba kungathi izingalo ezingamakhulu amabili izinsuku.

Isibhakabhaka Mercury sika: Ukwakheka

izifundo ngokucophelela aye aphumela yasiza ekutholeni kanye nezinye izakhi ezakha gasbag iplanethi. Mercury umoya iqukethe-hydrogen, umoya-mpilo, i-potassium, i-calcium ne-sodium. Amaphesenti lezi zinto sincane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo iplanethi Mercury libhekene khona iminonjana-carbon dioxide.

isikhwama Air azinasisindo. La ma-molecule igesi therein empeleni angalushayi nihlanganyele, kodwa zomlomo kuphela ebusweni ngaphandle ukushayisana futhi ukushayisana. Ososayensi bakwazi ukusungula okuyizici ezinomthelela khona emkhathini Mercury sika. Hydrogen, like-helium, ihlinzekwa ukuba ubuso bayo ngo-solar wind. Umthombo ezinye izakhi iyona iplanethi ngokwayo noma emkhathini ehlela phezu kwalo. Isimo Mercury, okwakhiwa kwalo sihlelwe ukufunda kahle esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, mhlawumbe ezakhiwe ukuhwamuka yamadwala bedle ama-solar wind, noma okusheshayo kusukela amathumbu planethi. Cishe nakho kunomthelela ngasinye salezi zici.

Ngakho, hlobo luni umoya ngoba i-Mercury? Kakhulu kwaphela ehlanganisa helium, i-hydrogen, iminonjana izinsimbi alikhali ne-carbon dioxide. Ngokuvamile ku izincwadi ubizwa ngokuthi exosphere, kudvwebela-contrast enamandla igobolondo ngendlela efanayo, isibonelo, Emhlabeni.

Ngisho naphezu kobunzima e uhlu ngezinjongo zocwaningo Isikhala asalalelwe kanye iplanethi Mercury. Isibhakabhaka kanye ebusweni nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kungenzeka akulona isikhathi esisodwa atawutadishelwa usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene amadivaysi. Mercury siyingozi namanje eziningi ezithakazelisayo futhi engaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutadisha amaplanethi, efana Venus, Mars noma Mercury, bona beswela emkhathini noma cha, ekhanyisa umlando ukwakheka kanye kwemvelo Earth.