Plastic Ukumaka: izibonelo izimpawu, kulungiswa

Plastics ezisetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ngokuphelele yonke imikhakha yomsebenzi womuntu. Kuyinto ekhululekile, isikhathi eside futhi high quality impahla okungahambisani adle, elahlekile nokunye. Nokho lapho naye futhi kuyinkinga enkulu. Ngakho, cishe plastic akusho ukubola bese kudinga indlela ekhethekile ukucutshungulwa, kuye ngohlobo. Ngaphandle, kuba ngokwayo ngempela anobuthi (okungenani ezinye ezahlukeneyo zalo). Okungukuthi, ingasetshenziswa hhayi ngempumelelo zonke izidingo.

Kungani plastic wokugubha?

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi icutshungulwa kanjani ngendlela efanele noma uhlobo izinto, kanye ukuhlola ingozi uyisebenzisa, sebenzisa plastic wokugubha. Yafundisa emuva ngo-1988, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, cishe akukho okunye okushintshile. Zonke entsha izinhlobo plastic, ngandlela-thile, ezihlobene esisodwa sezigaba eziyisisekelo. Kubukeka sengathi imicibisholo emithathu iyeza enye ngemva kwenye ku ifomu calantsatfu. Ngaphakathi kuba sibalo, okuyinto ikhodi, futhi ngaphansi isithonjana has a ukuqokwa incwadi ebonisa uhlobo material. Ngokwesibonelo, nekukumakwa amabhodlela epulasitiki izobukeka unxantathu ngemicibisholo, ngaphakathi yiziphi izinombolo 01 futhi ngezansi umbhalo oqoshwe PET. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngoba iningi lalaba bantu iziqukathi asetshenziswa njengoba iziqukathi imikhiqizo ukudla. Labo amabhodlela ezisetshenziswa upende ukugcina noma ukuvenisha kungenzeka ezinye mshini. Kodwa okubi kunakho konke, lapho isitsha ukudla kuwufanele uphawu olubi. Endabeni engcono nje udidekile. Kodwa lokhu ezingavamile. Ngokuvamile, umenzi uyaqaphela ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo ukuze asindise. Ukuze uthenge imikhiqizo efana is hhayi Kunconywa, ngoba ubuthi kungenzeka kanye nezinye izinkinga zempilo.

PET - Ukumaka ku plastic

Ngezinye izikhathi igama kuzwakala Pete. Kusobala njengoba Ethylene polyethylene Terephthalate. Isetshenziswa ukwenziwa amabhodlela amanzi, iziphuzo ngaphandle utshwala, ayo ezihlukahlukene, kanye insipho yokuhlanza uketshezi izinhlobo. Kukholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo impahla inikeza nokuhlanzeka esiphezulu nokuphepha. Noma kunjalo, kukhona kakhulu ekutheni yimalini ketshezi ngokukhethekile kwaba esitsheni. Uma igama elithi likhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke izakhi ezinobuthi plastic uyowela amanzi, okwenza kube ongakulungele ukudliwa. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukugcina uketshezi isikhathi eside ngalawo mandla, kanye ukuzisebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lolu hlobo lwe-plastic ngokuphelele kusetshenzwe. It ikuvumela ukudala imikhiqizo emisha ukuphuma kuso, ngaphandle ungcolisa imvelo. Hhayi njalo waqala ngemva le ndlela yokwelapha, izinto sinezimfanelo efanayo futhi izici njengakuqala. Kodwa Kusengenzeka ukukhiqiza uhlobo oluhlukile umkhiqizo.

wokugubha HDPE

Lokhu polyethylene ekhethekile, libhekene ukuqina okusezingeni eliphezulu. Isifinyezo imele njengoba High Wugqinsi polyethylene. Isithonjana ibukeka nse njengoba kushiwo ngaphezulu, kodwa ngaphakathi kukhona izinombolo 02 nangaphansi - HDPE yombhalo oqoshiwe. Lokhu kufana poro izinto zazo ukukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene iziqukathi okugeza noma amakhorali amanxusa, zonke izinhlobo amashampu, ngisho ukudala amaqembu iphakethe ethize. Njengomvini zinhlobo langaphambilini, liphinde ukudla grade plastic, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu futhi kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa. Ikakhulukazi uma kuhloswe ukuthi imikhiqizo kuyoba ngqo naye. Okungukuthi, isetshenziswa ukudala ezinye iziqukathi noma into efana nalokho, lapho imikhiqizo ezibekwe futhi uma akusiyo injalo emsulwa futhi zahlanganiswa ngo nezinye izitsha.

uhlobo PVC

Lokhu plastic wokugubha lumelela polyvinyl hloride. Uma isiRashiya, le PVC. It isetshenziswa ukudala ifilimu imikhiqizo ukudla, eziningi amabhodlela ezahlukene nokunye. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eziningi abakhiqizi isebangeni ngempela uyinto ephephile, eqinisweni kuba enobuthi kakhulu. Plastics yalolu hlobo kungaba enobuthi kakhulu futhi iyingozi ngoba imvelo futhi umzimba womuntu. Ukumaka of amabhodlela epulasitiki eyenziwe le nto futhi zibukeke ezifanayo kulowo eyedlule, kodwa ngaphakathi kukhona izinombolo 03 nangaphansi okucashunwe libukeka PVC noma umane V Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile - nazo zonke izingozi nasezingosini efana ukucutshungulwa nzima kakhulu. Futhi ngisho nangemva isembozo baye bakhiqiza, isivuno impahla ayihambisani kangakanani lalisetshenziswa ekuqaleni. Lokho kuyinto ezingenanzuzo kakhulu ukusebenza naye. Nokho, le nto namanje kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene umsebenzi.

okusho LDPE

Ngaphansi le ncazelo bona polyethylene, lapho kwabantu aphansi. Elikumelelayo okuphansi Wugqinsi polyethylene. Evamile, yalolu ketshezi kungabuye kuchazwa ngokuthi plastic ukudla grade. GOST ikhomba ukuthi lokhu Izinto ngempela enobuthi kakhulu futhi likwazi ukuhlukaniseka kalula isetshenziswe ukwakha izikhwama zepulasitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo eziningi ezisonga, kanye ukudalwa amabhodlela. Ngokuvamile, nezinto ezibonakalayo ezanele inert, Nokho, okuyinto, yesikhathi eside ukuxhumana ne imikhiqizo uyakwazi ngempela ukubanika ezinye izingxenye zazo ezinobuthi. Isithonjana Cishe efanayo, kodwa ngaphakathi kukhona inombolo 04, futhi ngaphansi kwalo kukhona LDPE isiqu noma PE-LD. Ukucubungula le nohlobo impahla ubuye ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa usevele ephakeme ukwedlula leveli yokuphelela kwezomnotho, ukuze akanayo izinkinga ezifana zilwane odlule.

plastic PP

Lokhu zenyathi ezisetshenziswa ezimweni lapho kubalulekile ukukhiqiza esitsheni ngaphansi yogurt amashubhu uphuzo, iziqukathi ukudla , ngisho amabhodlela izingane. Kubukeka sengathi okufanayo ukumaka unxantathu ngemicibisholo, lapho izinombolo 05 nangaphansi ilebula isiqu PP likhona. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu uhlobo nephephile lwezinto ezivela zonke analogs kungenzeka. It ngokuthi plastic PP - polypropylene. Nokho, njengoba kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, nokunwetshiwe contact nge ukudla njengento engeyinhle. Ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa imikhiqizo zezingane. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho batheleka ibhodlela wenza lokhu amanzi impahla ngomntwana, asikwazi kwesokunxele isikhathi eside. Kumele njalo olusha, futhi ngisho kangcono hhayi ukusebenzisa iziqukathi efanayo izikhathi eziningana. Kuyefana nasendleleni nezinye izitsha zona ekuqaleni akuhloselwe. Kahle kahle, emva ukusetshenziswa olulodwa, kufanele ngokushesha wathumela ukuze kusetshenziswe.

wokugubha PS

Okunjalo into okuthiwa polystyrene. Isithonjana ubukeka iyafana ezimweni wangaphambilini, kodwa izinombolo ngaphakathi unxantathu imicibisholo - 06, kanye nombhalo oqoshwe kulo ku- ngezansi - IHU. ngepulasitiki wokugubha ukucutshungulwa okunjalo kusho ukuthi isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukudla emabhokisini izitsha, usule izinto zikagesi eziphezu, iziqukathi-CD-Roms kanye ne-njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, it is asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni ukwahlukanisa amabhodi, izibambo kanye nemikhiqizo efana. Ngokuvamile, ketshezi ezihlobene kuyingozi evamile, kodwa ikakhulu ngenxa yokuthi iqukethe styrene. Le ngxenye ngempela kuphela uba enobuthi lapho evuthayo, ukuze ngemcondvo njengoba plastic ukudla grade ingasetshenziswa namanje. Okungukuthi, yokugcina ukudla esiqandisini imikhiqizo efana zinhle kakhulu, kodwa hhayi Kunconywa ukuba nomusa ku-microwave.

Okunye zepulasitiki, noma uphawu «O»

Ngaphansi loluphawu avele zonke ezinye izinhlobo plastic. Esikhathini iningi lazo abasakwazi kuyingozi empilweni kanye nemvelo. plastic uhlobo eziwuphawu 'O "lisetshenziswa kulabo imikhiqizo azihloselwe ekuxhumaneni ngqo ukudla, amanzi kanye nezinye izinto ezinjalo. Benza amaqembu umkhiqizo eziningi, ezisetshenziswa ngomuntu, kodwa uma usebenza nge ukudla azisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ezifana ngepulasitiki zingenziwa smart, noma ezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo izimoto. Uma abantu ukuthi bakuthole amalebula ukudla emabhokisini it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba ulidle, ngoba kungenzeka anobuthi sina. Lesi simo angeke kwenzeke, kodwa kungaba ngcono ukudlala kuphephile.

yi

Ngokuvamile, plastic wokugubha - yafika ewusizo kakhulu isintu. Lwenza abantu abavamile ukuqonda lobulukhuni nobungozi kusukela ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile materials noma imikhiqizo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kabusha namanje indlela kuphela ucishe ephephile imvelo ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nalesi ukungcola. Yiqiniso, inqubo yokwelapha self ngokuthi indlela engcono akukwazi, kodwa uma nje isintu ongakhetha iyashelela okwamanje yasungulwa.