Insimu isimo Russia. Area, labantu, izifunda

Insimu isimo - lokhu ingxenye yawo wonke ebusweni ezivamile eliwumhlaba baba ngaphansi kokubusa of ezweni elithile. Kuhlanganisa ezweni, lapho kugcwele khona, amanzi yangaphakathi futhi indawo (amakhilomitha angu-12 ukusuka ogwini), kanye isikhala emoyeni (endaweni engamamitha indiza izindiza). Olunye uphawu zensimu isimo - umngcele ezivamile namanye amazwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizofunda sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe lokho isimo insimu yase Russia, futhi iziphi izici ukuhlukanisa abantu bakhona.

Umlando omncane

Umlando wendawo Russia kulekelelwa ngonyaka. Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene WaseRussia ishintshile izikhathi eziningi imikhawulo lalo. Bakhandwa eyayihambisana ukwengeza ezweni elisha. Kungaphawulwa izinkathi ezintathu yentuthuko Russian Federation.

Okokuqala isikhathi - xv-XVI eminyaka. Kulesi sigaba, base kwakhiwa endaweni. Wadala Muscovy. Ngalesi sikhathi e Moscow, bajoyine Yaroslavl ubukhulu, Tver, Perm esifundeni kanye Nizhny Novgorod.

Isikhathi sesibili - XVI-XVII eminyaka. Kulesigaba State indawo Russian kulekelelwa Kazan, Samara, Volgograd, Ufa, Kiev, kwesokunxele-yasebhange Ukraine futhi Penza.

Isikhathi sesithathu - XVIII-XIX eminyaka. Kulesi sigaba, Russian Federation waba umbuso. Yakhelwe Orenburg futhi Troitsk.

isimo endaweni

Inani endaweni Russian u-12% abantu emhlabeni. I Russian Federation, kanye phambi eSoviet Union - umbuso has insimu enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. iphuzu yayo extreme kakhulu - ke Vistula Amathe, Big Diomede, Cape Dezhnev, i nekamelo futhi Chelyuskin.

Inani endaweni Russian eziyizigidi ezingu-17,125 amakhilomitha square. Namuhla 76% of the ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union. Ngokumangalisayo, endaweni ye-Russian Federation has ngaphezu esishintshashintshayo kweshumi isikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, iphuzu elisentshonalanga kanye nebanga empumalanga umugqa owehlayo okuyi-amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-nane.

izingxenye Russian zitholakala amazwekazi amabili. Ingxenye yesithathu the Russian Federation eYurophu, kanti bonke abanye e-Asia. Loku kubangelwa sezulu ezihlukahlukene endaweni kwelinye izwe.

Lesi sigaba nezokuphatha Insimu Russian Federation

Indawo eyinhloko Russia zinezikhathi khona isakhiwo 21 baseNingizimu Afrika kanye 3 emadolobheni yombuso kanye izifunda 46. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-Russian Federation kukhona 9 izifunda kanye 1 republic ezizimele. By endleleni, ngo-2014 isimo nawo ahlanganyela enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Kule ndaba, Russia has isihloko ezimbili ezintsha - kuba Republic of eCrimea edolobheni yase Sevastopol.

Imingcele Russian Federation kumephu

Imingcele yase Russia kumephu jikelele - umugqa futhi pass ezindaweni zakhe mpo. Abakuchaza ukulinganiselwa Insimu Russian Federation kazwelonke. Ngokwe nebalazwe, IRussia imingcele yamazwe 16. Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi yokuhamba emngceleni iphelile ayizinkulungwane 50 amakhilomitha.

Eminyakeni emibili edlule emngceleni Russian kumephu ukunwetshwa. Kakade ngo-September 2014 eshicilelwe inguqulo zohlelo kumephu ne Peninsula YaseCrimea, okwakuwuphawu yingxenye Russia eminyakeni emibili edlule.

Ukwakheka kaZwelonke we Russian Federation. labantu Russian

On endaweni Russian Federation iyikhaya anabambalwa ngokohlanga 100 ehlukile. Ngalinye libhekene isiko lalo kanye namagugu. By endleleni, le Russian Federation ubhekwa ezweni multi-yobuhlanga. Kasibili bonke abantu e-Russia banamalungelo afanayo, futhi abanye babo babe ngisho wekuba sive.

Isizwe eziningi kunazo zonke ezinye izincwadi Russian Federation - kuyinto Russian. Akha ezingaphezu kuka 80% abantu sebebonke. labantu Russian uhlala ngokuphelele zonke izingxenye zezwe. Bangamalungu Eastern lwamaSlav. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa Belarusians nase-Ukraine. Bona bahlala engxenyeni esentshonalanga futhi eseningizimu yaleli zwe.

Finns, Turks and ugortsy

Kanti ezinye izakhamuzi Russia - kuba Finns. Ngokuvamile, bahlala izifunda ezizimele. Ngu iqembu Finnish siqukethe Finns, Estonia futhi Karelians. Bona bahlala engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeRussia. Far North WaseRussia owakhiwe ugortsy. Lawa Khanty futhi Mansi.

Elinye iqembu eziningi yolimi uhlala ensimini ka-Russia - kuyinto abaseTurkey. Ziyakwazi AmaTatar, Bashkirs futhi Yakuts. Ngokuvamile, bahlala enyakatho isimo. Inombolo AmaTatar abahlala kuleli lizwe ingaphezu 5 million, Bashkirs - 2 million Yakuts - 390.000.

Lapho sichaza ngaphambili, eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezincane kazwelonke ophilayo ensimini ka WaseRussia. Zonke izilimi abe namalungelo alinganayo. Nokho, state Russian. By the way, kuphela endaweni ye-Russian Federation iyikhaya bezizwe ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-150.

Ukwakheka benkolo bangaleso Russian Federation

Inkolo ethandwa kakhulu Russian Federation inkolo yobuKristu. Isibalo abameleli kuyinto 74% abantu sebebonke Russian. Lezi zihlanganisa amaKatolika, amaProthestani namasonto obu-Orthodox.

Enye ihlelo zenkolo esikhulu endaweni WaseRussia Islam. Isibalo izakhamuzi inkolo ethile 7%.

indawo isimo isiRashiya, njengoba sishilo phambilini, inabantu abaningi nge ezihlukahlukene izinkolo zenkolo. indawo yesithathu ku inani lamalungu wathatha nobuBuddha. Namuhla, inani izakhamuzi bale nkolo million 400. September 26, 1997 e-sisekelo Russian kwavunyelwana isimemezelo "On the inkululeko yokuzikhethela inkolo." Lokhu bill ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ihlelo lakho siqu.

Izifunda we Russian Federation

indawo isimo Russian lufaka izifunda 89. Ngamunye wabo has ihhovisi layo. Ngokwezibalo, kulo nyaka, esifundeni elinabantu abaningi iyona eMoscow nesifunda eMoscow. Inombolo ophilayo kukhona okungaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15 izakhamuzi. Indawo yesibili kunombolo kuthatha Krasnodar esifundeni. Inani izivakashi 5 million.

Uma sikhuluma izifunda federal, le elinabantu abaningi kakhulu kuba Central. Kuyinto isinabantu abayizigidi ezingu-40 abahlala. indawo Okwesibili iya eVolga Federal District. Kukhona ikhaya labantu abangaba izigidi ezingu-29.

Inani labantu base-Russian Federation

Sebebonke we Russian Federation kuze kube manje kwaba izakhamuzi eziyizigidi ezingu-146. Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi lesi sibalo liye landa ngamaphesenti 0.18% kusukela ngonyaka owedlule. Yandisa iphutha kuzo zonke izifunda ngaphandle iVolga. I yanda kakhulu labantu ezenzeka esikhathini enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Kukhona iphesenti izakhamizi kukhuphuke ngo-1.25% onyakeni odlule.

Bambalwa abantu bazi, kodwa ukwenza zokubala kabusha sabantu alikwazanga phezu 2014. Lokhu kungenxa ukwengeza izinhlangano ezimbili ezintsha. Njengoba sishilo phambilini, kuba Republic of eCrimea Sevastopol. Ukukhuluma zokwenyuka kwenani labantu, angeke sikhone kusho ngalokucondzile mayelana nezibalo lokuzalwa. Izinga kwaba 13 neonates 1 ayizinkulungwane izakhamuzi.

Ngo-2014, i-sibalo ezithakazelisayo lwenziwe. Rosstat ibalwa wamanje bempilo. Ngokwezibalo, kodwa namhlanje okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-73. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi labantu Russian Federation isakazwa Ukuboshelwa kakhulu. Iningi labantu abahlala ezwekazini laseYurophu. He is% 20 kuphela kulo lonke izwe we Russian Federation.

inqubomgomo kazwelonke

Qonda inqubomgomo kazwelonke kuzosiza i-athikili yethu nokuma kwezwe. Insimu Russia libhekene inqwaba abameleli izinkolo kanye ezincane kazwelonke. Cishe ngamunye wabo sizibuza ukuthi amalungelo Russian Federation abayizakhamuzi kwamanye amazwe. NgokoMthethosisekelo Russian, esenziwa ngo-1996, isimo iqinisekisa ukulingana ngokuphelele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abaluphi uhlanga, inkolo kanye nesazisi namalimi wemiphakathi. Futhi, zonke isakhamuzi sinelungelo ukukhuluma ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko. Kuwo, ungase futhi uthole nokuqeqeshwa.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ensimini ka WaseRussia ukuba ukuthuthukiswa kobuhle nganoma yisiphi ubuzwe. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa Isigaba 29 soMthethosisekelo. Isinqumo sibeka isijeziso ukuhlukumeza. Lena imvume ingajezisa, asukela 100 kuya ruble ayizigidi 300, noma abhadle ejele kuze kube iminyaka emithathu. Emazweni amaningi sekuyiminyaka 5. By the way, eminyakeni yamuva uhulumeni waseRussia libona inketho izinyathelo kokuqina, futhi cishe umthethosivivinywa maduze sesingasebenza.

Ukuba ulimi kazwelonke

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, insimu Russian Federation is ezinabantu abaningi nge ezihlukahlukene ezincane kazwelonke. Eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule, Rosstat olwenziwa yokubala abantu. Ngokwezibalo, 94% wabantu ngamakhala isiRashiya. Ngo-2002 inani labo kwaba 99%.

Inani elikhulu izakhamuzi bezinye izizwe, abahlala e-Russia kanye ukukhuluma isiRashiya, kukhona Chechens. Futhi, inani elikhulu abahlali ngaxoxa nabo ezinhloko-2010. Rosstat uzama ukuthola ukuthi ulimi abacabanga ukuthi bomdabu yabo. Ngokwezibalo, abangaphezu kuka-5% ezinye izakhamuzi yobuhlanga Russian cabanga ngolimi lwabo.

Kufinyeta

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, Russian Federation - ezweni lezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isimo has a endaweni ngokwanele ezinkulu. I Russian Federation is izungezwe amazwe angu-16. Uhulumeni waseRussia ngempela izakhamuzi ezithembekile futhi ukubekezela bezinye izizwe. Kukhona inani elikhulu izikweletu ukuthi baziphilisa phezu Insimu Russian Federation ukhululekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto eRussia kukhona 11 hhayi kuphela isikhathi zigaba, kodwa futhi izingxenye ezahlukene zezulu. Uma ufuna ukushintsha isimo sakho futhi bathuthele Russian Federation, ungenza kanjalo ngokuphepha. Khona-ke thina banakekele ngamunye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abaluphi uhlanga noma inkolo.