Inkontileka ephumelelayo emfundweni: ifomula, isampula yokugcwalisa, imidwebo, ukuqaliswa kanye nesistimu

Izinguquko emkhakheni wezemfundo - ngesihloko mpikiswano okukhulu. Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu izindawo lesishaya imisebenzi ehlobene kilekoro, - ukwethulwa sikhungo ngempumelelo isiphetho zomsebenzi izinkontileka. Ukuze emkhakheni wezemfundo, yalolu kuyinto engavamile - ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi kokuhlaziywa okucatshangwa othisha esikoleni ngesisekelo kokushesha umgomo. Yini okungukuthi ephumelelayo inkontileka? Yeka ukuthi kunzima kanjani kungaba isingeniso ezikoleni Russian?

Ukugcizelelwa kwemfundo izinga

The main Umgomo wamemezela of izishaya isiRashiya, abaye esethula kwegazi a eside ezifana "inkontileka ngempumelelo emfundweni", - okwandisa Iholo elingakanani kwabafundisi, kanye nokuthuthukisa izinga lokufundisa izifundo ezikoleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, iziphathimandla ziye zanquma ukugxila ngokunembile umgomo wesibili, njengoba imali yothisha sisonke eminyakeni embalwa edlule baye banda. Njengoba, ngokukhethekile, izikhungo ngcono ingqalasizinda - ngenxa ukukhula kwesabelomali ngezimali. Manje ithuba yingenxa sivumele isishaya-mthetho uyazicabangela kwenta ncono imphumelelo ukuqeqeshwa.

Ingqikithi ngempumelelo inkontileka

Umqondo oyinhloko, ukuze uqaphele ukuthi kukhona idili ngempumelelo kwezemfundo - tie ukusebenza kwezomnotho (ie iholo uthisha) ikhwalithi yomsebenzi walo zindlela. Kumayelana ekubhaleni isivumelwano umsebenzi ne izakhiwo ezifanele kanye nezimo, obala futhi kuyaqondakala zonke uthisha.

Izinguquko Emculweni We-ukwethulwa kwendlela yokusebenza entsha

Ngokokuqala ngqá umqondo wokuthi iholo likathisha kunengqondo wafaka ukuncika izinga umsebenzi walo, umphakathi jikelele waziwa kowezi-2000 emva kwesikhathi. Ngo-2012 kwaqalwa omunye izigaba yokuqala uhlelo, izimiso eziyisisekelo okuyinto akhiwa kulesi simemezelo kamongameli "Ngo ukuqaliswa izinyathelo inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle isimo."

Okokuqala okubhekiswe ezakhiwa zindlela nokuhlola ukusebenza umsebenzi, okokuqala abasebenzi esikoleni e tebuholi. Kulesi sigaba izikhungo zemfundo wasebenza isakhiwo izivumelwano ngempumelelo correlative roomates nge imininingwane ukuqaliswa zomsebenzi nemisebenzi bonke ochwepheshe. In esigabeni sesithathu zohlelo kucatshangwa ukuthi uthisha inkontileka ngempumelelo luzoqala ngezinga elingelikhulu mass zezabasebenzi. Usuku Indlela lapho kubulawa lo msebenzi kumele sigcwaliswe - e 2018. Kwezinye izindawo izikole Russian nezinye kwesabelomali izikhungo zemfundo wemboni basungula sibonakalisa kwathatha amazinga entsha "amabalazwe komgwaqo". Ngokusho kwabo, uhlelo ngempumelelo kwetinhlavu inkontileka luzoqala.

Isici zomthetho

Igama elithi "ngempumelelo inkontileka" Nokho, namanje aliveli Russian umthetho. Sitholakala abezindaba, kwezinye iziqondiso kweminyango, kodwa ukulungisa anjalo esikhathini iziqondiso federal angakawamukeli. Ngakho, ngokwale ndlela ezinye izazi, okushiwo ezinjengokungcoliswa inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo - e ngokwakhiwa umsebenzi wenkontileka (okuqukethwe okuyinto yena, ilawulwa Ikhodi olufanele) ukuze, ngesisekelo umbhalo, kwaba sobala ukuthi ubudlelwano phakathi amaholo othisha izinga lokufundisa.

Ingqikithi yalo mkhankaso

Kodwa uma umthetho awusho ukuthi liphumelele kumiswa inkontileka, iziphi izimpawu zayo kungenzeka okusekelwe uhlobo isinyathelo hlelo, okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla okwakubekelwa? Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ngokucacile esasenza izinkontileka zokuqashwa ngaphansi kohlelo olusha kungenziwa libhekene izici ezilandelayo.

• Okokuqala, isikhungo ngasinye kufanele abe nemihlahlandlela isici nemigomo yemisebenzi ezingeni umsebenzi wombuso (okuyinto zavela ngokuphazima lesifanele neqondekayo ifomu ethize lesikhungo) Igunya eliphakeme.
• Okwesibili, ifomu sokufundisa esiphumelelayo inkontileka luzakwenziwa e ngezinga elifanelekile ka ngendlela enengqondo futhi ehlelekile. Ngakho ukuthi njalo uthisha elingakubonanga, yini izifundo ezithile zayo nenqubo msebenzi nokuthi yini izindinganiso kumele zithobele inqubo yemfundo. Ithethwe ehlelweni izivumelwano omusha wezabasebenzi kumelwe kubonise ngokugcwele imisebenzi yokuba esikoleni, ngemigomo yekuhlola nokukhokhwa kwezintela izithelo zomsebenzi wakhe.
• Okwesithathu, izikole kufanele babe nezinto ezidingekayo ukwenza umsebenzi abafundisi elidingekayo. Okusho ukuthi, uma kuziwa Ukulifunda ngijule zikuphi, amakilasi kufanele ifakwe amakhadi ezifanele noma ukufinyelela izinga elifanele izinsiza electronic. Uma ufuna ukufunda izincwadi njengoba isibonelo ezingavamile imisebenzi, ukuthi ezifana izincwadi kufanele etholakala esikoleni umtapo.

okulindele

Yini, eqinisweni, alindele sivumele isishaya-mthetho, ngokwethula i inkontileka ngempumelelo yokuqatjhwa imfundo? Ngokusho kodokotela abathile, tinhloso iziphathimandla kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe hhayi kuphela ukwanda nekusebenta yokukhokha zomsebenzi, kodwa futhi ukuze udlulisele kothisha ezikhangayo ikakhulukazi, ikakhulukazi nezifundiswa abasha. Abafuna ukubona amathemba enkulu ekukhethweni kuka lokhu noma lokhuya mkhakha womsebenzi.

Indlela ephumelela umsebenzi wenkontileka ne ukulungiselela kahle ngakho futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, nge kungase kutholakale ukusebenza yayo umkhuba Ungadlala indima eqakathekileko amehlo ochwepheshe bakuthathe.

Izinkinga main

inguqulelo Ezisebenzayo isimiso ukuhlanganisa emkhatsini ikhwalithi yefundo namaholo abasebenzi ezikoleni ungase ingathiyeki ngokungabi Standardization e indlela kokuhlaziywa kwamathenda kwabothishela. Indlela inkontileka ngempumelelo emfundweni jikelele, uhlaka okwanele. amaholo kuyinsakavukela, njengoba ochwepheshe abaningi abakukholelwayo, ngisho manje lishone ngezikhathi hhayi ngempela ngokwalokho ayikho. Kukhona izibonelo, lapho uthisha ezingeni non-efanayo nokuqeqeshwa professional babe amaholo efanayo. Noma kakhulu ezahlukene engaqhathaniswa neziqu.

Indlela inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo - hhayi isici kuphela eziyinkinga ekuqalisweni emisha. Iqiniso liwukuthi akubona bonke othisha ngokwabo sizimisele ukushintsha. Ngisho labo, ubangelwa ukuchema izilinganiso ingase ibe iholo ngaphansana bona okuphambene nalokho uyobe. Iphuzu lapha yilona abakholelwa ukuthi othisha - hhayi ungomunye waleyo angaphansi ezinye uhlobo nesilinganiso ngokuya okunengqondo noma kunezinye izici maqondana izinkomba. kakhulu abakholwa othisha esikoleni, abafundi banikezwe izifundo ngaphandle umongo main - izinto ezifana ukunakwa, imfundo, ukwehlukana nakho ekuxazululeni izinkinga. Ukuze uthole inkontileka ngempumelelo emfundweni abakwazi kahle.

Elinye iqembu izinkinga kungenzeka ukuqaliswa ezintsha - izingozi ezihambisana ubushiqela ngokweqile. Iqiniso lokuthi ukuqaliswa ukuhunyushwa othisha uhlelo inkontileka ngempumelelo kuziwa ukusatshalaliswa, ikakhulukazi isabelomali ngezimali. Control takhiwo eMnyango Wezemfundo kanye izakhiwo zezimboni kamasipala kungenzeka ukuba sizimisele ukuthelwa ukusebenza ukusetshenziswa izimali ezazisengcebweni. Lokhu kungenzeka kufanele sikhambisane isidingo sokwenza imibhalo eminingi ezimali - futhi ukwenza kanjalo, cishe uyobe wabothishela ngekwabo. Cishe, ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Futhi ukuze kube kuhle ukuthi uthisha kungaba Zikhuthaze ngaphezulu ukwenza umbiko omuhle ukwedlula kahle ulungiselela isifundo.

imihlahlandlela methodical

kakade Sithe okwakha (ezithathwe ezingeni yomthetho kahulumeni) nenqubo okumele eziqukethwe izinkontileka zokuqashwa, athuthukile okwamanje. Kukhona kuphela Kunconywa isiqondiso methodological. Nazi ezinye zazo.

1. Ifomu inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo kufanele kwenziwe ukuze ukusebenza izinkomba izinga ngokuvamile Okusizayo zilingana. Leyo akuyona efiselekayo ukulungiswa nenqubo efanele ngokwenza slant kwamanye ukhonkolo. Ngoba njengoba uthisha, poring phezu umsebenzi ukufanisa kubo, kungase sikhohlwe ukuqaliswa neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. zindlela zokwenza umsebenzi kufanele saveza ngesisekelo lilingane nenani yabo.

2. Izinkomba of izinga lomsebenzi kumele icaciswe, hhayi ukuba ikhale abstract. Lokho kusuke kungelona yimuphi izibalo - bathola okungaphezu kwalokho, abukhali kakhulu izici ambalwa, njengoba ezinye izazi zikholelwa, akufaneleki njalo. Ungabeki ama-index ukusebenza, isibonelo, ilinganisela isibalo "lemihle kakhulu" ngenxa ikota. Uthisha angakwazi, uma kunjalo oyifunayo, uma sikubeka njengoba lutho kakhulu. Nokho, le ndlela yokunquma kumele kukwazi ukwakhiwa ukuze phezu ukusebenza uthisha ezinjalo umsebenzi ke okungukuthi oyingqayizivele uzimisele ngendlela efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase sisebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa full of wesikole sezincwadi. Ukuphumelela umbandela - njengenye indlela, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya Deuces ngoba ukuhlehliswa umsebenzi wesikole Diaries.

3. izinkomba aqinisekiswe zekhwalithi. Okungukuthi, bona, kanye efanele nenqubo Kufanele kube ezifana bemvelo esikoleni ukuphathwa olongahle ukuhlonza yabo ubuqiniso. Ngokwesibonelo, akuyona inkomba best of izinga - siqhuba izifundo e wobungane, kodwa ovumelekile - sebenzisa izindlela psychophysical athula ekupheleni ukuqeqeshwa izikhathi 3 ngesonto.

Phakathi izazi, kukhona ezimbili zemibono, okubonisa isimo sengqondo ukugcizelela kakhulu ekuthuthukeni nenqubo embuzweni. Ngokuhambisana lokuqala - isikole kumele wasondela ukucacisa imingcele izinga ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni, banikezwe ngokucacile of imisebenzi eyabelwe isikhungo ethize. Omunye umbono usikisela ukuthi kwasendaweni ngokweqile kwenhlupheko, okokuqala kunakho konke, ngokubambisana neNhlangano emizimbeni ukuhlolwa, okuholela ingozi efanayo ubushiqela lungakhula - neminyango uyonikwa izikole ezifana kakhudlwana. Ngakho mhlawumbe kunengqondo uholwe namazinga, setha ezingeni wombuso kanye nezikole kamasipala abasunguli.

Kwenta tinhlaka inkontileka ngempumelelo

Ake zama ukuhlola ezicashile ukusebenza nokusebenzisa e idokhumenti esikoleni i-elementi ezifana inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo. ukugcwalisa isampuli kumele bahlangabezane nalezi zidingo se-Code Labour, ukuqasha abasebenzi umsebenzi unomphela kungenziwa ngaphansi izinkontileka ngaphansi iziqondiso Labor Ikhodi. imininingwane ehilelekile Okulandelayo, lapho kufanele kufake inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo, ugcwalise iphethini lapho izobe ukusebenza esikoleni - eqinisweni, nenqubo. Nanoma iziphi ezinye iziqondiso zomthetho esiqinile, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, singanikezwanga. Nokho, singathatha njengesisekelo eziningi neziqondiso ngesisekelo izinhlamvu yomnyango we Ministry of Education.

Ngakho, ukwethulwa inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo, umfuziselo okuyinto manje sifundela, kufanele ahlinzeke izinkomba izinga, kanye nenqubo ngawo ukuhlola kokuhambisana imigomo umsebenzi wesikole ecacisiwe. Ngokuya nokubhala emithonjeni abafanele imingcele ingase ibonakale njengokugunyazwa isithasiselo umsebenzi wenkontileka.

Thatha okufana ngazo umsebenzi ukunquma ukuphumelela ochwepheshe elawula, njengoba kufaneleka imihlahlandlela kuze kube manje athuthukile hhayi kuphela theory, obutholakala ezikoleni eziningi Russian mkhuba Esigabeni sokuqala uhlelo. Umqondisi cishe zonke izikole Russian ukwazi ukuthi liphumelele kumiswa inkontileka nje ngoba kakade baye ngemvume ke. Sinenkosi nakho yangempela kohlaka ukuhambisana ukhiye izinga nemingcele. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, uma kudingeka wenze okuthunyelwe aguqulelwe ngempumelelo inkontileka othisha kwezemfundo, isampula olunjalo belungaphelelwa aqukethe ukwakhiwa amaningi kakhulu theory.

nenqubo yekhwalithi

Kulezo eziqukethwe izinhlamvu eMnyango Wezemfundo izinga izinkomba zenzelwe abaholi esikoleni, yilezi ezilandelayo.

Okokuqala, lena line-up of zezemfundo ukuze umthetho iphrofayli. Yini zindlela kungaba ekuhlaziyeni sibalo okuhambisanayo? Ministry uveza lokhu okulandelayo:

- ukungabikho (noma ukuncishiswa Dynamics) iziqondiso iziphathimandla okugada;

- akukho izikhalazo kusuka kunoma iyiphi iziphathimandla wokuhlola;

- isimo noma kamasipala inkomba senziwa ngokugcwele;

- 1 Septhemba esikoleni ilungele unyaka omusha esikoleni.

Okwesibili, ukwaneliseka ngokwazi ukuthi kukhona abazali kanye nabafundi uqobo lwakho kuhlanzwe ikhwalithi yamasevisi imfundo esikoleni. zindlela:

- Isibalo sabafundi abafunda nabazali owavuma ukuhlolwa omuhle emisebentini yesikolwa ngoba ngonyaka noma ikota (kususelwe zedathamininikwane engaziwa, isibonelo);

- Cha izikhalazo emihlanganweni.

Okwesithathu, kungase Imininingwane nokuvuleka kwe-isikhungo sakho semfundo. zindlela:

- ukusebenza isayithi esikoleni;

- Ukushicilelwa ukhiye idatha ye-Accounting kanye zezimali-kwezomnotho iphrofayli;

- ekwazisa abazali mayelana nemisebenzi eqhubekayo kanye umthelela ngekusebenta kwetikolo izindawo ezibalulekile zomsebenzi.

Okwesine, Quality Score kungenzeka ukuheha nezifundiswa abasha. Isimo sokunquma yilezi:

- iphesenti nezifundiswa abasha kulesi sikole isimo;

- indlela kucwaningwe of stimulation umsebenzi ngempumelelo yothisha, has kufika wezemfundo;

- ukutholakala uhlelo ongabaqeqesha yangaphakathi.

Lesi yisibonelo ephumelela kakhulu inkontileka ezinemibandela imfundo ngokuya izinkomba izinga kanye nenqubo yokuvivinya ehambisana. kuzoveza, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, imininingwane yalolu ukuphathwa kwesikole. Kodwa umhlahlandlela anolaka ngokuyinhloko esikhathini isici isakhiwo yesivumelwano abafanele esisitholile.

Imibhalo Kuyadingeka

Ngakho, uma senza isivumelwano ngempumelelo kwezemfundo, iphethini yokugcwalisa idokhumenti kuyodingeka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo.

1. amalungiselelo letibalulekile lesi sivumelwano kumelwe enze kubonise ngokugcwele amalungiselelo Code Labour. Lokhu - ingxenye eyinhloko inkontileka.

2. Kumele ebekiwe imingcele izinga kanye nenqubo ngesisekelo okuyinto eyenziwa nesikhathi ukuhlola isisebenzi ukusebenza esikoleni imisebenzi yabo. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza egcwaliswe ngokuphelele ukuba inkontileka zabasebenzi.

Phakathi ewusizo kakhulu abasebenzi lesikole Russian emithonjeni komthetho, okuyizinto ezingabasiza ukuba eminye ukuhlola inkontileka ngempumelelo kwezemfundo (siyini lesi, yini oyoqhubeka), ungacacisa incwadi uMnyango Wezemfundo.

Ngokusho kodokotela abathile, amazinga okukholelwa ukuthi ishicilelwe njengoba kuqale unyaka ka-mass izikole ukudluliswa Uchwepheshe ukusebenza ku nenqubo entsha kusebenza hhayi kuphela ukuba izikole zamabanga, kodwa futhi ezinye izinhlobo izikhungo zemfundo. Ngakho, izivumelwano ngempumelelo imfundo pre-school, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imininingwane izinkulisa, yebo, kwenza umsebenzi abasebenzi babo ngokwanele ezihluke imigomo kanye nemisebenzi ebhekene othisha kungenzeka kwethulwa.

Futhi, njengoba kwaphawula u-ezinye izazi, nekusebenta kufanele kube sokuhlinzeka lwezemfundo amasevisi hhayi kuphela ezingeni wombuso kanye kamasipala ezikoleni, kodwa futhi ngasese ezikoleni. Futhi labo, ngoba sephrofayela yabo kukhona zemfundo ezengeziwe. Ukuze lo msebenzi abaqashwe ezikhungweni ezifana ukusebenza, kungenzeka futhi kudinga isikhathi esikhethekile izinkontileka zabasebenzi. uthisha inkontileka Ngempumelelo imfundo eyengeziwe kungenzeka libhekene namanye nenqubo kunalokho esikoleni wesisebenzi phakathi.

ukugxekwa

Ngenhla sibonile ukuthi akubona bonke othisha ababonisa weneliseka isinyathelo sivumele isishaya-mthetho mayelana nomsebenzi wokuhumusha njalo ngempumelelo. Yini ebangela amazwi anjalo? Esinye sezizathu thina esibizwa - Nokho, ukungafuni othisha abaningi bangihlonipha ukwabelana umsebenzi lowo kuncike ukuhlolwa okunengqondo, futhi lowo senziwe amagugu ukhonkolo, okulindeleke ukuba bahlomule inqubo yemfundo.

Elinye iphuzu khona ukungezwani ngalolu daba - the proportionality imisebenzi aphathiswa othisha, kanye nenani izinsiza ezidingekayo yezabasebenzi nesikhathi isici. othisha abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi amazinga amasha kuyoba ukuba bazikhandle kakhudlwana ngokuya ukutshalwa zabasebenzi cishe imali efanayo ngomsebenzi. Lokhu kungase kuvimbele kokucubungula amathemba kulo mkhakha nezifundiswa abasha abangase bakuthole ngempumelelo ngaphezulu ngokuya indlela isinxephezelo for ukugcwaliseka amathalente abo.

Elinye iphuzu, hhayi aneliseke ezinye othisha - akucaci ukuthi isikimu entsha ngeke acabangele okwenzeka uthisha. Njengoba yaziwa, lo ubuningi kunzima ukukala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi njalo sobala kanjani umthombo ethize ngesimo isipiliyoni kungaba ukuzibonakalisa njengoba ezimweni eziningi - zendawo ithuluzi lokusebenza. izivumelwano ngempumelelo, kudinga amasu ukukhiqizwa kabusha njalo, ekungafanele kube ngqo okuhlobene uthisha zinamazinga ethize.