Uyini engamahlongandlebe isimiso sobulungisa? Uhlelo lomthetho yokuvikela kwabancane

Kuyini i-juvenile isimiso sobulungisa? Lo mbuzo usuku ngalunye oludlulayo ezingasho kunikezwa. Isizathu sisobala - kuyaphuthuma ezithandekayo ukubaluleka isihloko. Lesi sihloko uzonikezwa zonke izisekelo zomthetho wobulungisa engamahlongandlebe.

izici Jikelele kohlelo

Izakhamuzi eziningi Russian ngizwile kukubi we engamahlongandlebe ohlelweni lwezobulungiswa. Lokhu umkhakha wezomthetho ngempela usezuze okuningi nezinganekwane. Isizathu sisobala - abantu abafuni ukuya wenkinga, ngokwako nesisekelo esingokomthetho. Lesi kucishe kube manje futhi bathini.

Asho ubulungisa? Kuyinto inhlanganisela iziphathimandla yombuso kanye lendawo, injongo okuyinto ukusebenzisa izinqubo lomthetho. Endabeni umthetho engamahlongandlebe - kuyisivikelo amalungelo kwabancane. Kuhlelo olucutshungulwayo siqukethe zehlalakuhle, zomthetho, ezemfundo kanye wezokwelapha.

umthetho Juvenile akuyona into entsha futhi engavamile ngisho ngokoqobo Russian. Ngakho, kufanele sinake okungenani izimiso eziyisisekelo ohlelweni.

Izimiso ukusebenza ohlelweni

Ukuze uqonde kangcono lokho engamahlongandlebe isimiso sobulungisa, kubalulekile ukuba banake izimiso eziyisisekelo zalesi simiso esingokomthetho. Kulapha ungakwazi ukuhlonza?

• amalungelo, inkululeko izithakazelo esisemthethweni ingane ifakwa ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye;
• zonke izikhungo ethulwa lwetemtsetfo ivulekele lokho okubizwa ngokuthi esobala;
• indlela tekuvimbela igunya;
• yesibonelelo sikahulumeni imindeni;
• izingane ungase ufanelekele usizo lomphakathi kanye zomthetho;
• kukhona uhlelo ecacile ukuxhumana nengane;
• ukunwetshwa indlela okubuyisela ukuze ingane;
• ukudalwa izimo ezikahle komphakathi ngempumelelo futhi oluphelele izingane nokunye.

Zonke ezinye izimiso iqukethe umthetho Wezobulungiswa (uMthetho Federal ku izisekelo uhlelo ubulungiswa engamahlongandlebe).

Uhlelo zezikhungo zomphakathi

Umbuzo ka lokho engamahlongandlebe isimiso sobulungisa, akunakwenzeka ukuba sicabangele izinga ngaphandle kokukhuluma kwezitho ezinkulu ejensi kohlelo enixoxa ngalo. Ngakho, lokhu okulandelayo iziphathimandla zikahulumeni kudingeka okumelwe ahlukaniswe:

• izinkantolo engamahlongandlebe;
• ikhomishana izindaba engamahlongandlebe;
• ihhovisi lomshushisi (noma kunalokho, ngokukhethekile livunyelwe Izingane abashushisi);
• emizimbeni yophenyo kanye uphenyo;
• kwezempilo, ezemfundo, kuvikeleka kutenhlalo, kunakekelwa, wensha nokunye njll..;
• ikoloni izingane kanye nezinye izikhungo nangokuvikela, okuhloswe ngaso nokuvuselelwa zamacala abasha;
• emizimbeni kwamasiko.

Ngakho, ohlelweni kwezitho zihlanganisa cishe zonke izikhungo kungenzeka, ezisukela kwamasiko ziphethe umthetho. Konke lokhu kunikeza ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi ezibanzi eyinkimbinkimbi ukubunjwa salo uhlelo wobulungisa engamahlongandlebe. Kulokhu, la mazwi angenhla akuyona zonke izidumbu sezihlonziwe, kodwa kuphela isimo.

ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni nezikhungo uhlelo

I-juvenile isimiso somthetho, naphezu lensha yayo isihlobo, wakwazi ukwandisa kakhulu ngosizo izinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlangano zomphakathi, ngasese, commercial-mali. Ngakho, ohulumeni basekhaya nokulawula uhlelo lomthetho engamahlongandlebe ngokunikeza:

• reception, imikhaya emikhulu abampofu futhi engenabo ubunye;
• Izidumbu zabantu abangu-sivikelwe futhi Trusteeship;
• amasevisi, izikhungo kanye nezikhungo bemvelo kamasipala, ezenhlalo nokwenziwa ngokuhlola.

Uma sikhuluma izidumbu kwenkululeko okuhlanganisa engamahlongandlebe kanye nobulungiswa civil, kubalulekile ukugqamisa:

• bar;
• izikhungo ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (yezokwelapha, ezemfundo, esibucayi, njll ...);
• izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni onguchwepheshe izingane (ezintandane, izikhungo zemfundo, kanye nabanye.)

Okulandelayo kufanele futhi ukhulume yezingxenye ezintathu ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lonke enixoxa ngalo. Leli fomu, izimiso kanye nezinqubo nokuxhumana izakhi ubulungiswa engamahlongandlebe.

izimiso ukuphoqelelwa nokubambisana

Sekuvele wabonisa yizimiso ukusebenza kohlelo engamahlongandlebe. Nokho, manje-ke ukunikeza izimiso eziyisisekelo nokuxhumana amabhodi kanye nezikhungo, ngokusebenzisa okuyisona lomthetho enixoxa ngalo. Yiqiniso, womabili la maqembu, izimiso zifana, kodwa ezinye yandiswe kusadingeka. Ikakhulukazi, wena kufanele kubonise:

• Semthethweni. Zonke uhlelo kubhekwe siqukethe imithetho Russian futhi eminye imithetho.
• Ergonomics futhi isenzo ukulungiswa. Njengoba wonke isakhiwo se-juvenile uhlelo lwezobulungiswa liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, iziphathimandla abanekhono kumelwe sithathe isinyathelo ngokushesha, ephumelelayo futhi ngokuqinile ngokuhambisana nomthetho. Ikakhulukazi ezibalulekile lapha ukuhlukanisa indlela target ngamakhasimende.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphinde wabalula izimiso sokukhululeka, obala kanye nokufinyeleleka.

izinhlobo nokuxhumana

Kanjani iziphathimandla uxhumana ngaphakathi ohlelweni wobulungisa engamahlongandlebe? Kuwufanele ukugqamisa amafomu eyinhloko ukusebenza, okuyinto lokulawula imithetho Russian. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Amathiphu - interagency, nezinye izikhungo kanye nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kweminyango yakhe. NamaKhansela kufanele amandla uchwepheshe nemisebenzi sokweluleka.
• Scientific, ucwaningo kanye nomsebenzi yokulinga izikhungo ezehlukene zocwaningo.
• izimali zendawo, noma abafisa ukwenza liqalise (noma ngokusiza nokuqalisa) Justice imisebenzi emthethweni engamahlongandlebe.
• amaphrojekthi Komphakathi, isethulo sabo ku Fairs ekhethekile.
• Ama-oda Social eyenziwe zikahulumeni e izikhungo zocwaningo, nezikhungo zezokwelapha, izikhungo zemfundo kanye nokunye. D.
• imithetho Russian.

Singasho ukuthi kaningi uhlobo ukuxhumana ohlelweni komthetho engamahlongandlebe Kwenziwa yini zifane, kodwa kunalokho ku intshiseko okumsulwa. Nakuba, Yiqiniso, okukhulu ezithile nomthethonqubo eqondile busa lapha.

inqubo nokubambisana

Ngemva indaba mayelana izimiso eziyisisekelo futhi izinhlobo ukusebenza izinhlangano ezidingekayo ekugcineni ukuletha isimiso sezinto ezithile eziyisisekelo okuyinto izikhungo onguchwepheshe ubulungiswa engamahlongandlebe. Yini osebenza lapha?

• congresses "Classic", amatafula nxazonke, izingqungquthela nezinye izenzakalo lapho ezindabeni ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile kuxoxwa. Nokho, zonke lezi zinkinga, afakiwe sphere olulodwa: kuvikeleke amalungelo izingane.
• amathenda esesidlangalaleni ukuqaliswa ukuhleleka emphakathini, ezesayensi noma kwamasiko (lapha kuhlanganisa okuthiwa isayensi SMME).
• Imisebenzi ye-Expert, iseluleko noma izikhungo ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ezibalulekile njengoba wemfanelo izingane amacala, imindeni edla imbuya ngothi, ubugebengu engamahlongandlebe, nokunye. D.

Izinqubo ingafunda zihluke kakhulu. Basuke kwenziwe ngokuhambisana esiqinile ngemithetho ethile nemithetho WaseRussia.

isofthiwe yenhlangano uhlelo

ukwesekwa yenhlangano wobulungisa engamahlongandlebe njengoba igatsha ebaluleke kakhulu umthetho kumele inikezwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, lonke isakhiwo usebenza ngaphansi kokucubungula ithanda zona lezi zici ezilandelayo kanye nezinqubo:

• normative zomthetho izenzo izenzo zendawo, kanye neziqondiso ezihlukahlukene elawula imisebenzi kanye elinemininingwane emagunyeni afanele;
• ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi umshayeli;
• ukusetshenziswa imisebenzi yesayensi nocwaningo (ezemfundo, ezempilo, zengqondo, zomthetho, ngokwengqondo, njll ...);
• inhlangano kolwazi yokusekela;
• Ukubolekisa ngezindodla izinqubo yokufunda;
• nokuxhasa ngezimali emagunyeni afanele.

ukubaluleka komphakathi

Ngaphezu kwakho konke Sakhiwo sangaphandle embonini zomthetho iye yabhekwa ngokuningiliziwe. Manje kubalulekile ukutshela mayelana engamahlongandlebe irherho lobulungiswa nge kancane ngaphezulu "phansi emhlabeni" ngombono. Ngakho, umbuzo main sisekhona: kungani inani eliphakeme kangaka baseRussia iphathelene lwetemtsetfo engamahlongandlebe ngakho omubi? Izifundo lososayensi zezombusazwe, zezenhlalo ngisho izintatheli abonisa ukuthi abantu bazi okuqukethwe okuncane ngokushesha yomthetho efanayo federal ubulungisa engamahlongandlebe. Akuyona into engavamile phakathi baseRussia iwukuba basakaze nkulumo-ze futhi izinto ezivusa inkanuko obiza mthetho kanye nokuvinjelwa uhlelo engamahlongandlebe eRussia. Liyisisekelo sako konke izinganekwane kuyinto ukuqiniseka ngokujulile ukuthi uhlelo ihlose "ngaphesheya-ukususwa kwebantfwana labavela emindenini yabo." Wabasekela lokhu kuvinjelwa wabhekisela kungenzeka "knock" kubazali ke iziphathimandla sivikelwe banelungelo noma nini ukuthatha ingane ekhaya lezintandane.

Ngempela, isimo esichazwe okuncane Creepy. Nokho, kufanele sinake izibalo, ngenhlanhla, refutes agumenti labamelene kohlelo engamahlongandlebe eRussia. Kulawo mazwe European (lapho ngithatha uhlelo Norwegian komthetho engamahlongandlebe), inani amacala ayebekwe izingane (ukushaywa umndeni, amacala okubulala noma ukudlwengula izingane abazali bazo, ukunakekelwa singenele nokunye. D.) ngokucijile kwehle kusukela ekuqaleni ukusetshenziswa izinyathelo ezithile. Nokho, ubudlova emkhayeni - eyodwa kuphela okweshumi kwawo wonke amacala esebenza izingane. Ngenxa yalokho, i-juvenile uhlelo lwezobulungiswa - lena egxilile kakhulu ukugxila uhlelo. Khona-ke kungani 'uzekwayo kangaka? Lo mbuzo uvuliwe.

Yiqiniso, udinga ukuthi ucabange ngalokujulile sihlolisise isimo kokubili kulowo ngokumelene. ukuqhathanisa Ofanele amaqiniso uyonika ukuqonda ngokucacile ukuthi le engamahlongandlebe isimiso sobulungisa, futhi iyini indima yalo emphakathini.