Indlela hlola indlala yegilo? Yikuphi udokotela ihlola indlala yegilo?

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke endocrine indlala e enkulu yomzimba womuntu yakhiwa indlala yegilo. Itholakala ku kwegilo ngaphambili entanyeni futhi ukubukeka sifana butterfly. Siqukethe yegilo indlala we iyizingxenye ezimbili futhi lesi siqephu yokuxhuma kubo.

umsebenzi yegilo

Qonda ukuthi kwakukhona nezindaba okufanele bahlanganyele endocrinology wedwa Awukwazi ukwenza konke. Futhi ukuqapha isimo umzimba kuyadingeka. Phela, le ndlala yegilo is abasebenza ama-hormone egilo ezifana triiodothyronine kanti thyroxine. Zibizwa ngokuthi nangokuthi T3 ne-T4, ngokulandelana.

Ukhicita hormone ehilelekile ukulawulwa supply amandla kuzo zonke emangqamuzaneni omzimba, okuyinto washisa wokugcinwa ukuphila. Uya ukunikeza ukuphefumula, senhliziyo esilimele, kwegazi, thermoregulation.

Kodwa akugcini lapho umsebenzi yegilo. Kubuye kwenze sibe calcitonin, i-hormone okuthiwa i. It ulawula umzimba izakhi zomzimba ezifana phosphorus kanye calcium. Uyena obangela ukukhula ithambo izicubu futhi sithinta calcium umzimba, kwelula ngaphakathi engqamuzaneni.

Izimpawu izinkinga

Uma ungathandi ukuya kodokotela abavamile ukuya endocrinology ukuze uhlole ke odinga ukukwazi ngasiphi isizathu kufanele usole ukuthi inkinga. Qala ukuthola indlela ukuhlola indlala yegilo, ohlola kudingeka kudlule ngesikhathi esifanayo, kulezi zimo ezilandelayo.

Uma uqaphela ukuthi zithinta imbulunga wacasuka, ukukhala, ukujuluka ngokweqile, you noted liqhaqhazela izandla zakhe, palpitations paroxysmal, izinkinga zokulala, kuyilapho kuyinto efiselekayo vakashela endocrinology. Lezi izimpawu hyperthyroidism - ukudakwa imali ngokweqile kwama-hormone egilo.

A-hypothyroidism ayinakuboniswa. Kodwa ngokuvamile enganele yegilo umsebenzi waphawula kwehle ukusebenza, ukukhathala, kuvela abandayo uzizwa, isikhumba kuba elomile okhanyayo. Kanti futhi, abantu ngeke ukwehla esesuthi, isisindo kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo uqala ukwandisa.

ucwaningo oludingekayo

Uma uqaphela ukungasebenzi emzimbeni wakho, kufanele ucabange ukuthi ukuvakashela udokotela. Okokuqala, ungaya owelapha, angakutshela ukuthi udokotela uhlola indlala yegilo, futhi, uma kunesidingo, mnike isiqondiso. izinkinga Ukhulume i endocrinology.

Lo chwepheshe kungase kudingeke wenze uphenyo olunzulu we indlala yegilo. Luqala ngokunikela ukuhlolwa abavamile futhi palpation ka entanyeni indlala wathi. By the way, lena cwaningo ungachitha ekhaya. Kubalulekile kuphela ukuba baqonde indlela ukuhlola indlala yegilo wedwa. It kungenziwa wazizwa phezu entanyeni, it is etholakala eduze uqwanga yegilo we amalaka. Zizwe kungenzeka, uma beka iminwe yakho endaweni ecacisiwe ezinhlangothini ezimbili emphinjeni futhi ngobumnene uhlikihla. Soft kanye Indwangu nokunwebeka - lena indlala yegilo. Ngokuvamile-ke kufanele kube nenkundla ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu nail isithupha.

Ngemva kwesifundo, ngisho noma kwakungekho kwezinso, udokotela angase atuse ukuba ngaphezulu siyihlolisise le ndlala yegilo. Iluphi uvivinyo ezidingekayo lo myalo, nakanjani ukutshela. Ngakho, udinga ukuba unikele ngegazi ukuze hormone T3 ne-T4. Liphinde ocwaningweni kubalulekile Kuhlolisisa ukunquma inani yegilo-inkanuko i-hormone pituitary indlala - TTG. It is hhayi ezihlobene yegilo, kodwa zingase zibe Indlela izinkinga ezithile nge indlala yegilo.

ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Ukuhlolwa esisiza ukuba siqonde ukuthi kunenkinga ohlelweni endocrine zomzimba. Ngenxa yalesi ngokwanele ukwazi i endocrinology, kanjani ukuhlola umsebenzi yegilo. Yena, kufanele ukukunika isiqondiso ukulethwa TSH, T3 ne-T4. Kodwa, isimiso, ukuze kutholakale izinga we-hormone yegilo-inkanuko kuyinto ngempela ulwazi. It ikhiqizwa ekuphenduleni inani T3 ne-T4. Ngakho-ke, uma TSH kungokwemvelo, kubonisa ukuthi ezingeni kwezinye hormone akuyona uhlanekezelwe.

Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, odokotela batusa ukuthatha zonke hormone eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngempela, endabeni TSH kwezinso ungenayo kabusha ukuthola ukuthi ukuhlola indlala yegilo, futhi uye ukunikela ngegazi futhi.

ukuhumusha imiphumela

Uma zonke amahomoni iwe ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo evamile, khona-ke asinasizathu sokukhathazeka. Kodwa ngisho ukuhamba kancane kusukela ububanzi okungenani eyodwa imiphumela kufanele ukukuxwayisa. Kulokhu, akumelwe nje ukuthola indlela ukuhlola yegilo yakho indlala, kodwa futhi kabusha vakashela endocrinology. Kuphela onguchwepheshe ungenza uphethwe, ekuhloleni imiphumela izifundo laboratory.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma T3 noma amazinga T4 ziphansi kakhulu, bese TSH iyakhula. Indlala pituitary kuyinto ngendlela uzama ukushukumisa indlala yegilo, okubangela it ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa la ma-hormone. Kodwa amazinga overvalued kwama-hormone egilo, kunalokho, kuholela ukwehla TSH amagugu. Ngokuya T3 futhi udokotela T4 Ungasavele ukusho ukuthi nguwe ukuhlukumeza: i-hyperthyroidism noma i-hypothyroidism. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unikezwa amagugu kulinganiswa etholwe kobukhulu iziyaluyalu indlala yegilo. Lezi zinkomba ibuye inikeze ithuba ukuhlola umthelela ukwelashwa ebekwe umuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ephethwe isinxephezeliso-hyperthyroidism, bese phakathi ngenyanga yokuqala yomnyaka TSH kungenzeka ongaphakeme, kodwa amagugu T3 ne-T4 ukwehla futhi bayasilela ngaphakathi kuyinsakavukela.

izifo ezithile

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, kunemithetho athile maqondana yama-hormone emzimbeni. Uma usuvele esiphethweni lapho ungahlola yegilo yakho, sasidlula lonke uvivinyo ezidingekayo futhi uthole imiphumela, ungazama ongalichaza.

Mayelana umsebenzi ukuncipha indlala yegilo iyisitho ukusho inhlanganisela amazinga aphansi noma ejwayelekile T3 ne-hormone i-T4 nge TSH anda. Le ndlela usukela hypothyroidism eyinhloko.

Futhi, ukuwohloka kule ndlala wathi encishisiwe ezingeni T3 noma T4 ngokuhlanganyela ukwehla TSH. Lesi simo kwenzeka lapho hypothyroidism yesibili.

Kodwa uma inani T3 ne-T4 ziphakeme kunezindlela ezivamile, kuyilapho inani TSH kuyehla ke sikhuluma hyperthyroidism futhi ukwandisa umsebenzi yegilo.

Ukulungiselela nokulethwa cwaningo

Uma endocrinology Ngikunike yokudluliselwa luhlolo, wayebuye ukutshela ayigcinanga ngokuchaza ukuthi lapho ukuhlola indlala yegilo, kodwa futhi zendlela ukulungiselela luhlolo. Kuyadingeka zokwenza igazi emithambo yegazi. Uphuzwe ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngemva esidlweni sokugcina kufanele uthathe okungenani amahora angu-8. Kodwa kungcono, uma ikhefu kuyoba amahora 12.

Uma ku ukuhlolwa kanye palpation lo dokotela wabona ezinye izinkinga, bese kanyekanye ukuhlolwa nokuthuma usengenza kokuxilongwa ultrasound indlala yegilo. Indlela eqotho ngeke ngokushesha ukukhomba izinkinga.

Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi ukuthathwa thyroxine izidakamizwa akwenzi mqondo ukuhlola T3 ne-T4. Kodwa izinga TSH kuyoba ukwambulwa. Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthola indlela ekwelapheni isiguli.

ultrasound luhlolo

Uma uke wathola imiphumela iyadumaza yalolu cwaningo, izophinda kudingeka ukuba bahambe ultrasound. Ngalo wafunda isakhiwo ndlala ikhomba kumiswa normal, kulinganiselwa lingakanani. Kubalulekile ukuba bafeze lo nokuhlolisiswa Dynamics, ukuze ubone ukuthi indikimba wathi iphendula ukuphathwa enqunyiwe.

Ukuhlola isithombe qapha, udokotela, kokuhlola indlala yegilo, ungakwazi ukubona ngisho izinguquko ezincane kwezicubu zomzimba yombambiqhaza. Uma zitholiwe izinguquko isakhiwo noma ngamaqhubu ibukeke, okwashiwo Dynamics kuyadingeka. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu. Phela ISIZINDA elise indlala yegilo, inhlanganisela yezici enqabayo kungenzeka abulalayo - zibe isimila esibulalayo. Ultrasound kuyadingeka ukuya ngokushesha nje uzwa ubuhlungu noma uphawula ukwanda umdlavuza.

i-hypothyroidism

Kaningi endocrinologists emsebenzini wakhe ubhekene ukuntula yegilo. Lesi sifo kungase ekuqaleni kube asymptomatic, kodwa isikhathi esisodwa uyalibona umuzwa ubuthakathaka, ukucobeka esiqhubekayo ukozela, ukuvuvukala. Kodwa, ngeshwa, hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi izimpawu ezenza abantu ukuba bacabange, indlela ukuhlola indlala yegilo. Bona basola isimo abampofu impilo sezulu, isikhala iziphepho nezinye izinto.

Kodwa uma isikhathi ukucela usizo ke zonke lezi zinkinga emzimbeni kungenziwa ngokushesha iqedwe. Ukukhethwa umthamo efanele thyroxine-hormone okuthiwa i ivumela isinxephezelo okusheshayo lesi sifo. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingeni TSH kuyadingeka ukuqapha njalo ngenyanga. Uma ukuntuleka kwama-hormone egilo kungenzeka olungaba isinxephezelo, kanye isikhathi esanele ukuze nginikeze TTG kanye ngonyaka.

Hypothyroidism ezinganeni

Uma abadala buthaka umsebenzi yegilo iyisitho isimo esibi ezempilo, izingane, la ma-hormone banesibopho ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ushintsho ukuziphatha kwengane, kuyancomeka ukuba uthole ukuthi ukuhlola ama-hormone egilo ezinganeni, futhi ukubamba esimweni uphenyo lwemivubukulo. Kodwa okokuqala Yebo, kudingeka uvakashele i endocrinology. Angase ukuncoma ukwenza cardiogram. Sikhishwe yokuthi ukwehluleka indlala yegilo kuholela izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa ekuthuthukisweni engqondweni nasemzimbeni imvuthuluka ke ukuqapha isimo sakhe kuyadingeka. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela hypothyroidism azalwa nako.

thyrotoxicosis

Okweqile yegilo i-hormone akukanciphi kuyingozi ukwedlula ukuntuleka kubo. Lapho iqaphela anda ukucasuka, kwenhliziyo, ukujuluka anda, kungcono ukuya endocrinology for babonisana bese uhlole izinga lama-hormone yegilo. Uma ophakamayo, kubalulekile ukuthola uchwepheshe abanekhono owazi lwemithi yokwelashwa, ngawo liyakwazi i-hyperthyroidism.

Isimo nzima yokuthi kwemithi yesimanje ongakabi athuthukile ikhambi, okuyinto ongaqeda crisis thyrotoxic - isimo lapho amanani abalulekile yama-hormone ukwanda igazi. Ukwelashwa kulokhu okuhloswe ngaso ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini. Yiqiniso, kusaqalwa namanje nethuba isinxephezeliso lesi sifo, kodwa isimo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho, uma isivele egijima.

Izindlela nokwelashwa ngokweqile yegilo i-hormone

Uma unenkinga, khona-ke ngaphandle ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi futhi lulungile Awukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ohlelweni endocrine. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi indlela ukuhlola indlala yegilo, futhi lapho udokotela ukuya uma unezinkinga.

izindlela ezintathu ingasetshenziswa for ekwelapheni i-hyperthyroidism:

• thyreostatics reception, isibonelo, lesi sidakamizwa "Merkazolil" noma analogue yalo;
• ukususwa kuhlinzwa we indlala yegilo;
• radioiodine ukubhujiswa kwezicubu.

Izidakamizwa "Merkazolil" usizo kuphela uma isifo kubonakele ku kusaqalwa. Phela, uyakwazi ukuvimba ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone entsha, kodwa awukwazi Ukungacuphi abelwe ngaphambilini. Lapho omubi kuthinta isibindi kungaholela isifo sokusha. Ngakho-ke, indlela "Merkazolil" lisetshenziswa kuphela isinxephezelo isifo. Ngemva kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, namanje kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi isidingo ukususwa indlala yegilo. kokungenela kuhlinzwa kuphela ilandzelwe insimu lamazwe elaliyiSoviet.

ISIZINDA we indlala yegilo

Enye yezinkinga sina letibukene unomphela iziguli endocrinology kuyinto ukucacisa amacebo senzo ukubukeka noma iyiphi izinhlangano e izicubu indlala yegilo. Ukuthi kutholwa e ultrasound ezivamile.

Ezimweni eziningi, kwadokotela, iziguli zazi ukuthi zingabantu ISIZINDA kungavamile ukuba ingozi. Kodwa ukuthola ukuthi bazakuhamba yini uphinde uzalwe abulalayo engenakwenzeka. Yingakho odokotela batusa ukuthi, kwezinye izimo ukuze uwasuse. Yiqiniso, akunandaba mqondo ukuya ngaphansi ngommese likadokotela ohlinzayo nge imfundo kancane, ezimweni ezinjalo kungcono ukuvakashela ihhovisi US futhi khumbula ukuthi ungahlola indlala yegilo. Kodwa uma engeyokuqala ezingaphezu kuka 3 cm ububanzi, ke kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuthi isidingo ukuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu usayizi, udokotela kufanele ahlaziye kwabantu kanye nesikhathi esikhona. Kodwa noma kunjalo, akekho ongasisebenzisa ukuphoqa isiguli ukususa izimila kungavamile ukuba ingozi, lokhu inkinga isixazululekile udokotela nesiguli.