Isisindo Ukubambezeleka: umqondo, isakhiwo

Yegatsha komthetho ophathelene ukulawulwa ubudlelwane emkhakheni ifa, kuyinto iqoqo imithetho zomthetho elawula imbangela amalungelo ohambelana, izigaba lwamadoda alandela kungenzeka, le nqubo okufakwayo ubunikazi impahla zomufi. Esikhathini esiningi abantu owaqala uhlangabezana nenqubo efana, balahlekile futhi abazi indlela, ngokuhambisana nomthetho, ukukhipha ukudluliselwa amalungelo ayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, lokho ongacela. Inchazelo main, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kwenzeke ukukhuluma ngalokhu legatsha komthetho, yilifa ngokwayo (mass lezinceku impahla ngofuzo). Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi nokuqonda ukuthi yini ifakiwe kule umqondo futhi yini it liqukethe.

Izimpahla kanye nezikweletu zeHhovisi isisindo lezinceku

Abalandela akuzona impahla kuphela, kodwa futhi abanye imisebenzi isihlobo sakhe. Ifa njengoba into amalungelo, kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokufa umuntu ephethwe amalungelo idluliselwe futhi izibopho. Kuze lokhu kwenzeka, ikhono abazolandela impahla ngokuthi ukwehla embhedeni. Ungqimba lezinceku kuyinto okuyinkimbinkimbi kwazo zonke izinto amalungelo impahla kanye nezibopho, elalingelamaFilisti oshonile phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe isakhamuzi, wedlula ngokuhambisana nomthetho we-abazolandela esisemthethweni. Wonke amalungelo impahla, okuyinto ufile, ukuya umkhaya njengempahla, nazo zonke izibopho umufi - njengoba sibe inkinga mass sitholwa njengefa. izibopho zomkhaya, ukuthatha impahla e impahla, ukukhokha izikweletu we sukela oshonile kusukela ngokulandelana jikelele.

Legacy nempahla jikelele somshado

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi lo mbhangqwana ngumnikazi impahla aluthola ngesikhathi nokushada ngokuthi jikelele, esimweni kufa omunye wabangane abazolandela zazo kuyakuba kuncike ukudluliselwa kuphela kwesigamu impahla. Enye ingxenye noma kumaphesenti athile uhlala uyaphila womshado.

Ukuthi inqubo nezinqubo ngokulandelana ingathola izihlobo?

Ngokusho the Civil Code of the Russian Federation ngofuzo - konke impahla izinto, amalungelo nezibopho (ezingavikelekile kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ubuntu).

Impahla, esishukumisela ngokulandelana, kungenziwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:

1. Impahla ngokwaso njengoba enjalo, kuhlanganise imali yokonga imali okulingana.
2. amalungelo enomthwalo impahla (ubunikazi), kubandakanya amalungelo okwakungelakhe njengoba isihloko ukusebenzelana okuhilela izivumelwano ukuthi zibe phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila we testator.
3. izibopho Property (credit, imali-mboleko).

Wedlulisela kubalulekile ukwazi kusengaphambili indlela yokwakheka mass sitholwa njengefa. Kubhekwe le mininingwane, singakwazi ukubala inani imali okumele ikhokhwe ukuze uthole isitifiketi sobunikazi. mass Ukubambezeleka iqukethe uhlu oluphelele, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele la maqembu ngokuningiliziwe.

Izinto kanye Okunye Property

Ukwakheka impahla sidluliselwe abazolandela zomthetho, kufakwe, njengoba umthetho, ingcebo: indlu, villa, efulethini, imoto, umhlaba, kanye nezimpahla zasendlini nemali ukonga.

isisindo Ukubambezeleka, ikakhulukazi lapho Ingxenye izinto ukusetshenziswa siqu, izinto wenduduzo lula, (ifenisha, izinto zikagesi, izitsha), udluliselwa labo abalandela, ubani, kungakhathaliseki bo kambaphambili wahlala nomufi ndawonye ngaphezu konyaka owodwa futhi abayisebenzisa kanye naye ngesikhathi esaphila ukuhlangabezana kwansuku izidingo zasendlini. Noma abazange baphile ndawonye, kodwa iqhaza ekuqhubeni kulowo muzi ne oshonile, kule uxhumano, bese usebenzisa isihloko izinto zasendlini kanye testator. Uma abantu abanjalo azitholakali ke izinto zasendlini kufakwe mass isamba ngofuzo.

Dlulisa uyakuba necala ukonga yemali e imali kanye izibambiso. Kubalulekile ukuthi zinyanga yabalwa iqoqo ummeli olungisa izivumelwano ekulungiseleleni ethanda, noma ukufakazela ukuba khona kwamandla izibambiso okungewakho umufi, le abazolandela kuyoba nzima. Uma isabelo ngofuzo, ngaphezu amalungelo jikelele idluliselwe amalungelo okungezona impahla, ezifana ilungelo lokuvota emhlanganweni masheya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ekwamukelweni ilifa amasheya transferee ozuza hhayi kuphela impahla kodwa futhi amalungelo zokuziphatha.

Ngokuphathelene iminikelo yemali, base hamba abazolandela inqubo jikelele, ngaphandle ezimweni lapho oshonile phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe litholakale idiphozi, ukuze wathunyelwa umuntu othize noma isimo.

umthetho Modern Russian sihlinzekela icala lapho isakhamuzi owafa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe kwadingeka avume amadokhumenti ukuze azimele zokuhlala, okuyinto atloliwe kahle, kodwa mayelana nokufa isitifiketi sobunikazi engakaze amukelwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, amafulethi ezizimele kungaba ngokomthetho zibe isihloko ifa, wanelise izithakazelo lwamadoda alandela ezingaba khona.

Izinto, ogama ukwakhiwa awukapheli, ungase futhi ube yingxenye yefa. Ngenxa yalesi kubalulekile ukuthi kule into kwadingeka ubufakazi bobunikazi.

amalungelo izivumelwano umufi

amalungelo isakhamuzi, eyayihlanganisa endaweni sokusebenzelana, iya izindlalifa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi impilo umufi e zabasebenzi futhi ayikwazanga ukuthola iholo izinsuku basebenza. Ngemva kokufa owalandela liyoba nelungelo lokuthola imali yomqashi wakhe. Uma othile eye yabangela ukulinyazwa kwempahla woshonile, ilungelo ukuliliswa nayo adluliselwa izihlobo. Uma umonakalo kwabangelwa impilo testator, kuyilapho ilungelo ukulungiswa abazolandela ayihambi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuleli cala, lelo lungelo okungokukaNkulunkulu kuphela umuntu oye wahlupheka umonakalo. Ngokusho the Civil Code of the Russian Federation esisizuze ngefa ayikwazi kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ubuntu umufi.

Credit nezinye izibopho zezimali

A uhlobo olukhethekile ifa bakha izikweletu - ukheshe nezinye. Nokho, transferee yilona elizokhokha buyiselo akuphelele izikweletu woshonile, futhi kuphela kuphela ngaphakathi ngofuzo isisindo sabo ngokulingana impahla ayamukela. Umuntu onjalo ekhululiwe ukukhokhwa izikweletu izimpahla zabo siqu. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo okuphambene: the testator ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe waphelelwa izikweletu, kodwa lo muntu obolekayo akazange abe nesikhathi ambuyisele imali ngenxa kokufa ayemkweleta. Kulokhu, izindlalifa Unelungelo ukufaka icala mayelana ukufakwa impahla nenqwaba ngokulandelana. Lokho nejoka abazolandela lomthetho nakho kungaba ingxenye yempahla ezivamile. Kube kuzodinga ubufakazi ezinjalo - imibhalo efakazela ukuba khona okweletayo (umyalelo wenkantolo), khona-ke nenqwaba ukulandelana, isimangalo mayelana nokuthi iziphi izinhlelo lasetshenziswa, zingandiswa.

isiphetho

umthetho Modern Russian ukunciphisa uhlu izingqinamba ekudluliselweni impahla inikeza. Lokhu kuyinzuzo esiyingqayizivele: le testator, isibonelo, ngisho nalapho ukuphila kuba nesithakazelo ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi layo ibhizinisi, ngoba ayanda engenayo, abantu abangaphezu zokusondelana ngemva kokufa kwakhe.

Ngale ndlela, i-testator kungaba banakekele nenhlalakahle ngezinto ezibonakalayo lapho abazolandela ezingaba, kodwa umkhuba, lapho isimo umthetho yelula impahla umufi (escheat), iba ngaphezulu ezingavamile.