Indlela ukushintsha tento? Verb kuyahlukahluka ngezikhathi ezithile, ngo izinombolo, the izizukulwane

Isenzo kuyinto ehamba phambili, kanye ibizo, a tenkhulumo isiRashiya. It yakha isiphakamiso core, kuphetha inqubo. Mayelana indlela isenzo washintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, isimo, abantu, inani ikhefu, kuzoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni.

Verb: izimpawu unomphela

Zonke titfo tenkhulumo esivela la noma okunye ukugula. Ezingeguquleke wacabangela conjugation isenzo nokubukwa, reflexivity futhi transitivity. Tento ziyehluka ngabanye. Imvelo yalezi zinguquko kuveza uhlobo conjugation - 1 noma 2. Umehluko semantic phakathi nesenzo nokuthatha conjugations ezahlukene cha. Umahluko kulokho eziyimpumelelo siqu: kusuka 1 umuntu -em, Eks, -esh, -ete, YM (-yut), e 2 - kubo, -um, -ish, -ite, yo (s) ukuphuma. Uhlobo senzelwe ukubonakalisa isilinganiso ukuthatha isinyathelo esasiyobonisa ukuthi okwamanje yokukhuluma. ifomu Perfect (umbuzo yini okufanele uyenze?) Ingabe umphumela abangaphelele (ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze?) Ingabe inqubo. Ngokwesibonelo, hamba - hamba, cabanga - cabanga. Ngokuvamile, umehluko itholakala lokuthi ukuthi tento imperfective kubonise isenzo okuphindayo, futhi ifomu ephelele - yesikhathi esisodwa isinyathelo. Ngokwesibonelo, hamba - hamba, ukupheka - ukupheka. Lesi sibonakaliso njalo ngamazwi njengoba ukubuyiswa kwemali, ebonisa izindawo isenzo noma ubani. Yokutakula Inkomba postfix -sya (amatende): ukubhukuda waqala elula. Transitivity kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka umuntu abe isenzo into control - libito e kunjalo umenziwa wesenzo. Yileyo isenzo ukubhala - ushintsho, njengoba uyakwazi kuhlangene amagama, ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo lokho? Ngubani: ukupenda, ukubhala ezitholwe. Isenzo iwashi - ngadingi umenziwa, ngoba asikwazi ukuphatha ibizo esimweni umenziwa wesenzo.

ukuthambekela

Tento ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, amaqembu nokunye. E., Lokho okungukuthi, zinezikhathi izici morphological kanye non-unomphela. Tento ukuthi ziyakwazi kokushintsha isimo waso, owayebizwa ngokuthi conjugates. Oholela sici ikhono ukushintsha isimo tento, eveza isimo sengqondo inqubo ibe yinto engokoqobo. Ngakho, izonikezwa Indlela kwemizwelo, kubaluleka futhi ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile. Zonke ezinye izimpawu ze-non-unomphela sesenzo incike kwemizwelo. Tento ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela isimo Indlela. Conjunctive (okunemibandela) Ukuthambekela has a isakhiwo bendabuko: kwesenzo lesengcile ukuba kuyizinhlayiyana + (alethwe kuyokhulunywa). Kubaluleka is zihlukaniswa Isijobelelo -U noma -te: ukubhala, tshela.

isikhathi

Isikhathi - lena uhlobo olukhethekile isenzo eyinqaba kwemizwelo Indlela. Kungenzeka esikhathini esizayo, ezasendulo nezamanje, zifundisa okungukuthi, ibonisa isimo sengqondo isinyathelo okwamanje abakhuluma ngayo. Verb kuyahlukahluka ngezinye izikhathi ngoba uhlobo. Isikhathi kanye nokunemba ukusetshenziswa kwalo kakhulu kunqunywa isimo sesenzo. Ngakho, ngo- tento perfective kungase kungabi khona, njengoba kubonisa inqubo ethize. Isijobelelo -l- uphawu oyinhloko lesesikhatsini sesenzo esidlule: UMnu OVOR, wafunda, wayemi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izenzo ayahluka ubulili kuphela esikhatsini lesengcile. Kumiswa lesitako usebenzisa isenzo asizayo ukuba kanye kwekusebentisa, uma kuba isenzo imperfective: Yakha - oyokwakha futhi ukufundisa - ayezongifundisa. Uma esikhathini esizayo udinga ukubeka isenzo esiphelele ifomu, amagama asizayo awadingekile: ukushayela - izohambisa, bheka - sibheke.

umuntu

Isigaba kuyisikhathi ngokuchaza ezinye izinhlelo ze-non-unomphela ithegi ngamazwi - ubuso. Tento ukushintsha amaqembu kuphela esikhathini esizayo kanye kukhombisa khona, in the mood ibalulekile. Umuntu sesenzo kuhloswe ukuba kubonise inqubo yokukhuluma womuntu obambe iqhaza (1 noma 2 umuntu: ukukhuluma, ukulalela) noma lowo okukhulunywa ngayo inkulumo (3 umuntu: yazi ukutshela). ifomu Siqu sesenzo libizwa ifomu, eduze okuyinto ungayibuyisela isabizwana: cwaningo - engitadisha, ufunde - sifunda, bhala - ubhala phansi, hlala phansi - uhlala phansi, ufuna - yena / yona / it is ngifuna ukweluka - ezivumelana.

inombolo

Isigaba kuyinto esivela kuzo zonke izingxenye variable tenkhulumo isiRashiya. Ngakho, inani tento ayikwazi ukucaciswa kuphela ngesimo sokuqala, okungukuthi ku kwekusebentisa. Tento ziyehluka izinombolo zonke izimo (ahlale - ukuba ahlale - ahlale) futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi (ukudweba - draw - ngizodonsela).

ifomu ezingeguquleke

Kuphela izimpawu unomphela lingachazwa ngefomu engaguquki isenzo. Lawa kwekusebentisa futhi gerund. Kwekusebentisa - kungukuqala yiluphi uhlobo ngamazwi. Zonke izimpawu unomphela ngamazwi zinqunywa. It yokuhlala le engasho lutho isinyathelo, kodwa alibonisi relatedness yayo ngokoqobo, ngesikhathi kwenkulumo, inkulumo kubahlanganyeli inqubo. Isenzo eshintsha ngokuvumelana uhlale nezikhathi, kodwa akukho kwekusebentisa.

Gerund - ingenye ngemfanelo esingavunyelwe conjugated amafomu isenzo. Sihlanganisa incazelo sesenzo nezandiso kanye kubonisa ezengeziwe, isinyathelo sesibili. Gerund, efana kwekusebentisa, yiyona izimpawu unomphela kuphela. Nokho, kwekusebentisa kungaba ingxenye enkulu umusho noma ingxenye ilungu main, futhi gerund - akukho. Kukhona amacala lapho esithi emshweni incike kwekusebentisa bejabula Live. Onothando, onakekelayo. Thenga, ukuthola. Kulezi iziphakamiso predicativity amanga njengoba injalo ingashintshiwe sesenzo.

ifomu Inflected sesenzo

Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi isenzo eshintsha izimo, noma kunalokho, injalo ekhethekile - isakramente. Sihlanganisa izici izici unomphela futhi okungezona unomphela Isiphawulo isenzo. Esithi ukwakha izisekelo isenzo ibonisa imibono netijobelelo ekhethekile ukuveza isikhathi ukuthi amasakramente isici njalo. isici ezingenakuguquleka ka amasakramente kuyisihluthulelo. Ngakho, lesi isimo sesenzo kungaba yekwentiwa noma asebenzayo. Le nkulumo attribute njengenhlangano nemphambosi yekwentiwa. Ngokwesibonelo, funda (yena) - izwi asebenzayo, okungukuthi eyokuhlanganyela yangempela, funda (umuntu) - izwi yokwenziwa, lo esithi yekwentiwa. Esithi washintsha Paradigm ngoba uma tichasiso. Lokhu isimo sesenzo ingahluka ngesibalo futhi izizukulwane: ukucula - ukucula - ukucula - ukucula, ube nohlobo okugcwele emifushane (kuphela yokwenziwa): eyakhelwe - eyakhelwe. Nokufa kunqunywa kuphela wenhlanganyelo egcwele. Ngokwesibonelo, esidulini ajwayelekile - prepositional mayelana ulwandle buschuyuschego - genitive, risuyuschemu labaculi - umenziwa ongaqondene ngqo nomlandi, iculo ukuzwakala - wezinsimbi.