Indima Cosmic zezitshalo: kuyini?

indima Cosmic izitshalo Sekuyisikhathi eside wabonakalisa ngezimanga ososayensi abaningi. A indima ekhethekile cwaningo yale nqubo odlale umcwaningi Russian Kliment Timiryazev. Nguye kwabonisa ukuthi le nqubo kubalulekile. On Yiziphi izici isakhiwo kusekelwe eka- eziyingqayizivele isitshalo eziphilayo?

Isikhala indima izitshalo eziluhlaza

Zonke izinto eziphilayo 'zinezikhathi izimpawu ezithile. Nokho, konke kudinga yomoya-mpilo kwezimila. izitshalo Sikhala indima wukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto eziphilayo yalolu ketshezi esibalulekile. izitshalo kuphela akwazi ke kunqubo eyingqayizivele okuthiwa i-photosynthesis.

abameleli Plant: izici isici kwesakhiwo

Kungani ezinye izinto eziphilayo ukukhiqiza umoya-mpilo kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe? Ngenxa kuphela izitshalo babe izici kwesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele. Okokuqala kuyinto khona kumaseli aluhlaza plastids chloroplast. Uma uyikha phezulu le engaphakathi organelles isifika inqubo ye-photosynthesis, okuyinto kunqunywa indima cosmic izitshalo. Izici nobuntu abamele umbuso bemvelo kuba phambi carbohydrate cellulose ogangeni cell. Lokhu kwaziswa kunikeza amandla nokuqina we-apharathasi ebusweni. Ngenxa izakhi yebhekhaphu cytoplasm iseli imali isitashi granules. Lokhu polysaccharide Kumiswa zishintshe amaningi glucose kuhlelwe umqondo ngu-photosynthesis. Ukuze izitshalo, njengoba ebonakala ngu ukukhula angenamkhawulo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yezinguquko ambalwa zivele kukho konke ukuphila.

Ingqikithi inqubo ye-photosynthesis

Ngakho, isikhala ingxenye izitshalo kubonakala course ye-photosynthesis. kakhulu Igama le nqubo ikhombisa solar emisebeni iqhaza kuwo. Ngempela, i-photosynthesis Ukwakheka kwezitho izinto eziphilayo ukusuka amaminerali kuncike ukutholakala Quanta ukukhanya. Kwenzeka kuphela oluhlaza chloroplast plastids. On ezindaweni zawo kwangaphakathi wasithukuthelela amanzi, carbon dioxide. Imikhiqizo yalesi chemical yokusabela ihluke glucose monosaccharide nomoya-mpilo. Ingqikithi lokuqala asetshenziswe isitshalo njengoba umthombo energy ukuphila izinqubo. Futhi umoya-mpilo ehilelekile izinqubo emishinini yokuphefumula ngokuphelele zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Imigomo nesenzakalo ye-photosynthesis

I synthesis organic compounds nomoya-mpilo, okuyinto isikhala indima izitshalo emhlabeni, kungenzeka kuphela khona kwelanga. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi ngu senani incike izinga ye-photosynthesis. It kwandisa ukuba okukhanyisa at 15,000 lux, bese uya ku ukwehla. Autumn kwehla bemvelo inani elangeni. Ngenxa yalokho, amahlamvu zishintsha umbala bese ewa. Ingqikithi yale nqubo ekuguquleni plastids oluhlaza yellow nokubomvu, ngokuthi chromoplasts. Ishidi asisakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi nomsebenzi ukuphila kwabo izitobhi. Listopad inenani lokuvikela izitshalo ngesikhathi abandayo, ngoba le nqubo cishe eyeka transpiration. Phela, ukulahlekelwa umswakama ngesikhathi ukushoda salo sobuwula.

emisebeni yelanga kuyadingeka kuphela Esigabeni sokuqala-photosynthesis. Ibizwa ngokuthi - ukukhanya. Phakathi nale nkathi, kwakubikwa ekuqongeleleni amandla ukusebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi zamakhemikhali ukusabela kusebenze i-chlorophyll. Ngemva kwalokho, ukukhanya ungasawusebenzisi. Kufika isigaba amnyama, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho ekuqongeleleni carbohydrate senzeka. Futhi izimo kuphoqelekile photosynthesis ukugeleza kuba phambi amanzi nesikhutha.

Photosynthesis: indima cosmic izitshalo

Izitshalo zenziwa umjikelezo emangalisayo. Bakha oksijini, zonke izinto eziphilayo ukusebenzisa lolu ketshezi i-namachibi izinto eziningi eziphilayo, okuholela ukukhululwa-carbon dioxide. Lokho-ke kungokudingekayo kanye reagent enqubeni ye-photosynthesis. Okwazi lokhu izitshalo kuphela. Ngu uhlobo ukudla zingabantu autotrophs, bakwazi ngokuzimela ukukhiqiza izinto eziphuma ezintweni eziphilayo. Isikhala indima izitshalo oluhlaza ukuqinisekisa izimo ezidingekayo sokusinda eziphilayo. Futhi, uma ngokwesiko kunenkolelo yokuthi amahlathi kukhona "amaphaphu iplanethi", empeleni kuyingxenye omkhulu we mpilo okwakheka emhlabeni zaba ezimila emanzini.

Ngakho, indima isikhala isitshalo ofeza inqubo ye-photosynthesis. Ngokuhamba yayo kule chloroplast plastids ebukhoneni amanzi nesikhutha kwenzeka ukubukeka imilingo glucose ne-oksijini adingekayo kwezimila sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezihlala kule ndawo uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli.