Indawo Special kwezomnotho eRussia: incazelo

Uma isimo emnothweni kazwelonke ohluphekayo ngokuphelele alithandeki ukuze zimali angaphandle, omunye Imiphumela isimo zamanje yilezi esishintshashintshayo ekhethekile, ihlelwe kuleli zwe. Phakathi kwalezi zindawo ngabanye kungenzeka azokuqhubela zezimboni, utshalomali, inqubomgomo ehlukile ngokuphelele namaphepha tariff.

Iyini indawo ekhethekile kwezomnotho eRussia? Kungani baqamba? Izindawo ezikhangayo abatshalizimali futhi yiziphi izinzuzo ukuze isimo? Le mibuzo kanye neminye zizozama ukuphendula kule athikili.

esishintshashintshayo ekhethekile

Imikhuba ehamba phambili ekudaleni zindawo kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu wona angakaJehova, yebo,. Nokho, elaseRussia Ubuye impela ezingaba okukhulu kule ndawo. Kuze kube manje, izwe bhalisiwe engaphezu kwemibili kweshumi OEZ.Osnovnye zone ekhethekile kwezomnotho eRussia zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningana:

• zezimboni;
• nezokuvakasha;
• Logistics;
• ubuchwepheshe.

Ngemva nje kancane kwalokho sizoxoxa kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo Sez. Futhi manje bakutshele mayelana nendawo yabo. Izoni kwezomnotho ekhethekile kuhlanganisa tive taka-Russia e Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan. Lokhu kuhlanganisa Kaliningrad esifundeni. Ukuze okudalwe zihlanganisa enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea.

imiqondo eyisisekelo

Kule ndawo, a amagama kuhle iyadida. Ake ke sizakhele kancane. Ngokuqinisekile ulizwile izinkulumo ezinjengokuthi:

• zone kwezomnotho ekhethekile;
• khulula endaweni yezomnotho;
• indawo ye ukuhweba khulula ;
• Special Economic Zone.

Kanjani ukuthola kungaba ukuthi baba koke lokhu? Inxanxathela akukho. Konke okungenhla - amagama ehlukene lomkhuba efanayo. Wenza okuhlukile kungaba khona ngaphandle ukuthi a free ukuhweba zone. Lokhu eside futhi kusho indawo mahhala, kodwa lincane kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, wekuhweba okukhulunywe ensimini yethu ehlukile emzimbeni olwandle noma emoyeni emachwebeni, lapho kungekho khona emsebenzini amasiko. Isibonelo zakudala - Duty Free.

Izinhloso nemibandela ukudalwa Sez

indawo Special kwezomnotho eRussia - kuba yoke imikhawulo (izifunda, izifunda kanye republic), ezithinta ilungelo elingokomthetho ekhethekile. Kukhona, izimo zakhe ezithambile kwezomnotho. Njengomthetho, zingabantu nenzuzo kakhulu ukuba abatshalizimali zasekhaya noma zangaphandle. Zonke zomthetho inhlangano Umqhubi umsebenzi zebhizinisi Sez, igama izakhamuzi zayo.

Ukudala indawo kwezomnotho ekhethekile kumele babe izimo ezithile:

• indawo enhle insimu ngokuma kwezwe;
• ukutholakala ezindaweni zokuthuthukiswa;
• ingqalasizinda;
• Ukuzibandakanya lwabasebenzi amakhono adingekayo;
• kungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane Interregional nezamazwe ngamazwe;
• ukuba khona imisebenzi zomlando.

Kungani sidinga esishintshashintshayo ekhethekile

Zonke Russian zone kwezomnotho okhethekile ukuze kubhekwane nezinselelo ezithile zentuthuko. Ukusungulwa kwalezi zindawo kunomthelela kokubili ukuthuthukiswa yezwe lilonke ngcono izimpilo regionah.S zayo ngazinye inhlangano Sez isimo ukuzixazulula imisebenzi elandelayo:

• ukudalwa inani elikhulu imisebenzi emisha abantu abaneziqu okwanele;
• ukuheha capital angaphandle emaphandleni;
• abakhiqizi ezifuywayo okukhuthazayo ukutshala ukuzisika-onqenqemeni ezobuchwepheshe, ekukhiqizeni ngamanani amancane kanye nengqalasizinda;
• nokugcinwa ngokuhlukumeza okunamandla bokusungula lizwe;
• ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuseka abakhiqizi yasekhaya.

Izakhamuzi iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-zone kwezomnotho ekhethekile, futhi lokhu kunobuhle obuthile zabo:

• zisebenzisa zentela ukunciphisa izindleko zokuphatha kanye yokusebenza;
• ukulondoloza at imisebenzi ehlukene, nezintela kanye nezinye izinkokhelo ukwakha umkhiqizo wokuncintisana kakhudlwana;
• unekhono ukuheha abaqeqeshiwe;
• ukwandisa imali engenayo ngenxenye ukunciphisa izindleko zabo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda kuhulumeni Sez uchitha isikhathi esiningi, bekwenza ngezindleko zabo. Iphinde kunciphisa umthwalo abahlali.

Kuyini lokho okushiwo yinkulumo Sez?

Njengoba wazi, zonke indawo ekhethekile kwezomnotho eRussia (uhlu kubo mikhulu) ukusiza ukuthuthukisa noma ukuhlola emasimini amasha futhi umkhakha ukuphathwa. umbuso Special esidalelwe osomabhizinisi ngenhloso yokuthi zikwazi ngesikhathi esifushane ukuze reconfigure ibhizinisi labo ngaphansi kwezimo ezintsha. Isibonelo zakudala - eCrimea. Lena indawo ngokuphelele entsha, lonke ibhizinisi okuyinto Sekuyisikhathi eside ingashintshwa ukuze imithetho ye-Ukraine. Manje osomabhizinisi udinga isikhathi kanye nemivuzo reorient ke. Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni kwehlisa intela, lula amasiko uhlelo uvuma uhlelo umshwalense kanye lula ukubhalisa. Kwenzeka okufanayo kwezinye izifunda.

izinzuzo

kukhona izimo ezikahle kwezomnotho izakhamuzi Sez. Ngokwesibonelo, ezifana:

• ukuhweba amalungelo - akukho imisebenzi ku amazwe izinto zokusetshenziswa noma izingxenye ezisele, uma kudingekile ukwenziwa umkhiqizo wokugcina, hhayi ngenjongo yokuyozidayisa;
• nendlela yokukhuthaza utshalomali kanye ezivuna emkhakheni intela - nokuncipha entela noma engekho, ukuncishiswa ukulawula exchange angaphandle;
• imikhawulo ezincane noma ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo ubunikazi sethi emikhiqizo izifiki;
• amazinga lula ngoba imishini yokusebenza, inkokhelo, ukuphepha, nokunye;
• izakhiwo ezingabizi futhi umhlaba - kungenzeka ukwakha emafektri kanye ukukhiqizwa izindawo ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-okungenani ukuqasha amazinga;
• zinsizakalo ukuthi zitholakale futhi ezingabizi kanye nengqalasizinda - uxhaso ngezidingo, igesi ezishibhile, amanzi, ugesi, ukulungiswa komgwaqo, ukunikezela ezokuthutha;
• ukwehlisa amazinga ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nokuvikelwa yayo;
• khona amanani amakhulu amaholo aphansi, ukungabi bikho kokukhanya zabasebenzi nezinhlangano nabanye abasebenzi ';
• ukufinyelela evulekile izimakethe - kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle;
• yesikhathi eside yokuntuleka kwentela engenayo;
• enifeza custom procedure ngqo esakhiweni noma okufinyeziwe zivuma, kanye nabanye.

Izinhlobo esishintshashintshayo ekhethekile kwezomnotho

Njengoba sishilo, zonke izingxenye ngenxa yezimo zomnotho ekhethekile zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezifana:

• ukukhiqizwa yezimboni - kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi esikhulu, wagxila ukukhiqizwa eliningi iqembu eminye imikhiqizo;
• free ukuhweba esishintshashintshayo - izindawo ningaweli nendawo ethile ye-service namasiko; kulezi zindawo Kwenziwa ukuthengisa imikhiqizo kodwa futhi isitoreji yayo, ukuhlolwa, emabhokisini nokunye hhayi kuphela;
• izivakashi - ezindaweni eziqhubekayo emkhakheni wezokuvakasha, lapho kukhona imibandela ekhethekile osomabhizinisi;
• Isevisi - izindawo lapho wenza yokungenisa-ukuthekelisa nemisebenzi yezimali eyenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile; iyisibonelo esihle salokhu - sogu lolwandle;
• ezesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe, yokukhangisa - amapaki zezimboni, ezindaweni lapho izimo ezikhethekile abazenzi ukuthuthukiswa kanye ucwaningo emkhakheni othize ukuphathwa.

"Alabuga"

Manje ake sihlolisise ezinye indawo ekhethekile kwezomnotho eRussia. Asiqale nge Sez "Alabuga". Le ndawo zezimboni-ukukhiqizwa itholakala e-Republic of Tatarstan, eduze nedolobha Elabuga, nje 25 km kusuka Chelny.

Okukhethekile lapha ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene:

• ukukhiqizwa amabhasi kanye izingxenye yezimoto;
• ukukhiqizwa zasendlini;
• ukukhiqizwa ezenza imithi;
• akhiqize ifenisha;
• himproizvodstvo zobuchwepheshe;
• ukwakhiwa zezindiza.

Kule ndawo bhalisiwe 42 umhlali futhi baqashwe abantu nje phezu ayizinkulungwane 4.5. Area zone - 20 amakhilomitha square.

Ukuze ube isakhamuzi kwento eyinkimbinkimbi, udinga:

• ukubhalisa inkampani yakho ensimini ka masipala Yelabuga;
• isayine isivumelwano ne-kobuholi Sez, ezibophezela neqhaza izimali zabo utshalomali inani hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1 million euros ngonyaka wokuqala kanye utshalomali inani lonke isikhathi yesivumelwano - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-10 million euros.

Osomabhizinisi ababa enihlala zone kwezomnotho "Alabuga" bangathembela izintandokazi ezifana:

• khulula amasiko zone lapho imishini angaphandle zingafakwa ngaphandle kokukhokha VAT kanye nentela;
• ukungabi khona komsebenzi ukuthekelisa ku ukuthekelisa kwemikhiqizo etimbonini;
• sokukhululwa ngokugcwele kusukela isicelo intela ezokuthutha, intela yomhlaba nezinye izinkokhelo isabelomali weRiphabhulikhi;
• isilinganiso sentela engenayo kule yokuqala eminyakeni emihlanu% 2 kuphela, yesibili uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu - 7%, bese kufika ku 2055 - 15.5%;
• umhlaba ngesikhathi intengo imali, ukufinyelela okulula ngezidingo, ake phansi imingcele ingxenye ugesi, igesi, ukushisa, indle;
• athelelwe nezinye izintandokazi.

Sez "Dubna"

Lesi senzakalo zone ubuchwepheshe, esungulwe ngo-2005 ngesisekelo RF Uhulumeni Isinqumo № 781.

Sez "Dubna" endaweni ine indawo cishe 200 esingamahektare futhi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu:

• program edolobheni;
• platform nanotechnology;
• isiqinti ubuchwepheshe yenuzi-ngokomzimba.

Ezibalulekile lokhu Sez yilezi:

• tehsistem design kulokulukhuni
• i-biotechnology;
• nobuchwepheshe kulokulukhuni
• yelwati;
• izinto esiyinhlanganisela ;
• okungavezwa lapho kushicilelwa kanye ne-nanotechnology.

Izakhamuzi endaweni kungaba kokubili IP kanye nezinhlangano kwezohwebo. Okukhishwayo kuphela amabhizinisi ebumbeneko kanye namafemu angaphandle. Ukuze ube umhlali Sez "Dubna", udinga ukubhalisa inkampani endaweni kamasipala kanye ukuphothula isivumelwano neziphathimandla ukuqhuba imisebenzi asetshenzisiwe.

Abahlali bakuleli zone kwezomnotho ekhethekile Ungakwazi futhi ukubala kuzimo nelungelo endaweni intela kanye nezinye izinhlobo ukwesekwa. izinzuzo Tax kungabandakanya:

• kungekho-VAT ukuthekelisa kwezimpahla phesheya;
• zero izinga yentela ngemali engenayo zikhokhelwe isabelomali sikahulumeni ukuze 01.01.2018;
• 13.5% - engenayo intela ekhokhwa nesabelomali wendawo;
• 14% - izinkokhelo off-isabelomali;
• 0% - ngesilinganiso intela ezweni iminyaka 5, impahla izintela - iminyaka engu-10, intela ezokuthutha - iminyaka 5.

Futhi, abahlali bathembele okukhethwayo:

• iqashwe oyithandayo kwezakhiwo kanye nomhlaba;
• uxhumano khulula kumanethiwekhi ubunjiniyela kanye nezokuxhumana;
• okufinyeziwe ukucutshungulwa kwemibhalo izwe iziza;
• amasiko khulula endaweni;
• ngesivinini ukuthumela idatha uhlelo.

Futhi, abahlali uphiwa khulula amasiko zone, izimo yokungenisa komsebenzi awukho ngaphansi okuyinto okhokhwayo izimpahla angaphandle kanye VAT nokukhishwa Russian.

"Altai Valley"

TRZ "Altai Valley" - izivakashi kanye endaweni yokuzithokozisa. Yaqalwa ngo-February 2007, ngokusekelwe Uhulumeni inombolo Isinqumo 67. I kuma kwabo okuyilungelo enikeziwe iminyaka engu-49.

Le ndawo itholakala km 12 kusuka edolobheni laseGorno-Altaisk, Republic of Altai isikhungo. Kukhona zinikezwa imisebenzi emisha abantu kungathi izinkulungwane 2.5. Insimu inikeza amathuba ehlukile izakhamuzi zayo. Cooperation lusekelwe izimiso lobambiswano uhulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho kudalwa indawo nengqalasizinda edingekayo ngezimali isabelomali, futhi indalo izakhiwo izivakashi - yisabelo kweBraam-.

UMbuso uqinisekisa Izinzuzo ebaluleke zokuphatha:

• non-kuphazamisa ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi utshalomali;
• Esenziwe Lula ukuhlolwa format;
• "Omunye iwindi" Imodi;
• ukubulawa kwabo zokuqashwa wesakhiwo izwe ilungelo elingokomthetho ngokomthetho.

Abatshalizimali futhi silindele futhi intela credits:

• 0% - intela kanye nokutholakala komhlaba iminyaka 5;
• ukuqasha ezweni - akukho kuka 2% yenani cadastral;
• ukwehlisa amazinga entela imoto;
• Ukwehliswa kwentela engenayo kuya 15.5%.

"Turquoise Katun"

TRZ «Turquoise Katun" - enye indawo zokuzithokozisa kanye izivakashi. It has endaweni enkulu kunazo zonke ekhona - 3326 amahektha. "Turquoise Katun" ibekwe njengoba endaweni yokuqala futhi enkulu kakhulu izintaba yemvelo futhi kakhulu, ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Eyokuqala - intsha. Khona-ke kukhona ski izikhungo, abaqwali, imishayo, zomsebenzi, intsha ehostela kanye nezinye izingqalasizinda kwaguqulwa. Esesibili - izivakashi ocebile. Kukhona amahhotela ukhululekile futhi kuyabiza nezinye Izinsiza.

Le ndawo komnotho, eqinisweni, is nje ekuqaleni ukuthuthukiswa yayo, kodwa seluvele nabaningi zimali uzimisele ukudela imali ngokuya ezikhangayo. Phela, izakhamuzi lapha futhi anikwa kokuvusayo kanye nezinto ozikhethayo.

"Titanium Valley"

Sez "Titanium Valley", wadala ku Sverdlovsk esifundeni, futhi ngempela esiyingqayizivele. I isiqondiso umsebenzi we Sez - titanium umkhakha, okukhethekile ensimini ka WaseRussia. Lapha-ke yinzuzo enkulu kumabhizinisi, egxile ukwenziwa nokucutshungulwa zobuchwepheshe eziphambili emhlabeni umkhiqizo. Imikhakha ehamba phambili ezibhekwa lapha titanium kusebenziswe futhi imikhiqizo yayo, ukukhiqiza kwemishini for izitshalo Metallurgical engineering, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma zokwakha.

"Ulyanovsk"

Sez PT "Ulyanovsk" futhi sigxile isiqoqi sama-softwe nokwenza yomculo. Lapha, behlonipha misebenzi:

• Instrumentation, electronics yokukhiqiza;
• zezindiza;
• yesondlo izindiza;
• ukukhiqizwa zikagesi;
• akhiqize materials esiyinhlanganisela;
• Amanye amagatsha engineering.

Sengiphetha, ngizothanda ukusho mayelana osomabhizinisi non-ohlala egijima ibhizinisi labo ensimini ka indawo kwezomnotho ekhethekile. Ngokuvamile, kunjalo futhi bakghone ukubala baragele phambili ingxenye izintandokazi enikeziwe for abahlali, ngoba nemibandela umsebenzi wabo kumele zithunyelwe ukuphathwa Sez.

Ngokwesibonelo, ku-zone kwezomnotho njengoba Kaliningrad esifundeni, intela engenayo kwehlisa osebenza ngokuphelele kubo bonke amabhizinisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo ibhizinisi futhi umkhiqizo amaqembu. Yingakho kuvulwa yebhizinisi ezithakazelisa kakhulu kule Sez. Yiqiniso, uma kuziwa Amaholo.