Imvula enkulu kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba?

Inzika umswakama, olungena phezu ozungeze umhlaba. Zinqwabelanisa emafwini, kodwa akuwona wonke ukunikeza umswakama siwela phezu kwanoma iyiphi ebusweni iplanethi. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi amaconsi noma zinhlayiya bayakwazi unqobe emoyeni ukumelana, ukuthola eyanele yokwenza lokhu mass. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa compounds amaconsi nomunye.

Okunhlobonhlobo kwezulu

Kuye indlela obukeka futhi kwezulu noma isiphi isimo amanzi akhiwa wona zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziyisithupha. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu ngokomzimba.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu:

• imvula - amanzi a usayizi 0.5 mm;
• izinhlayiya amanzi ukuze 0.5 mm - Ukukhemezela;
• Snow - olunezinhlangothi ice zinhlayiya;
• iqhwa zithutha - oyindilinga core ububanzi 1 mm noma ngaphezulu, okuyinto lula cindezela iminwe;
• ice pellets - round nuclei camera nge ice okuyinto eqa uma ehlela phezu kwamanzi;
• Castle - izinhlayiya ezinkulu ice babanjwa, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi zibe nesisindo esingaphezu 300 amagremu

Distribution emhlabeni

Kunezinhlobo eziningana kwezulu, kuye ukushintshashintsha yonyaka. Sinenkosi nezici zabo.

• Equatorial. imvula Uniform unyaka wonke. Ukungabi bikho izinyanga ezomile, lemali kunabo ayeke ukunisa umswakama ewela ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku futhi ngenjikalanga, okuyinto ziza 04, 10, 06, 01 izinyanga zomnyaka.
• Monsoon. imvula Kungalingani ngemazinga - inombolo enkulu yamakhasi e yokuwa isizini ihlobo, ubuncane ngenkathi yasebusika.
• Mediterranean. imvula Maximum silotshwe ebusika, kuba ehlobo ubuncane. Senzeka ezisondelene, ogwini olusentshonalanga futhi phakathi kuleli zwekazi. Kukhona ukwehla kancane kancane inani njengoba eya engxenyeni ephakathi ye-mpumalanga yezwe.
• Continental. Lina mkhulu phakathi nenkathi efudumele, kodwa nge obhekwe kubanda ziba ezincane.
• Maritime. Ngisho ukusatshalaliswa umswakama lonke nyaka. Iya kancane isiqongo ukubonwa esikhathini ekwindla-ubusika.

Esithinta ukusatshalaliswa imvula emhlabeni

Ukuze uzwisise okuyinto lemali imvula emhlabeni, kubalulekile ukuqonda kulokho lesi sibalo incike.

Inzika phakathi nonyaka zabiwa Ukuboshelwa yonkana Earth. Isibalo sawo kuyehla territorially kusukela yenkabazwe iye enyakatho. Kungashiwo ukuthi isibalo sabo kuthonywa latitude.

Futhi ukusatshalaliswa yabo incike lokushisa air, air mass movement, isimo sezwe, ibanga ukusuka ogwini nolwandle imisinga.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma efudumele, olumanzi emoyeni uquqaba ukuhlangabezana endleleni ezintabeni, benyukela emithambekeni basuke selehlile futhi unike imvula. Ngakho-ke, inani eliphakeme kuzo ewela emaceleni ale ntaba, lapho zitholakala ezingxenyeni ezinemvula eningi kunazo zonke Zomhlaba.

Lapho lemali kwezulu uwela

Insimu yenkabazwe ungumholi ngokuya imvula phakathi nonyaka. Isilinganiso kuyinto 1000-2000 mm umswakama phakathi nonyaka. Kunezindawo ezithile emithambekeni yezintaba, lapho likhuphuke 6000-7000. Futhi phezu intabamlilo Cameroon (Mongo ma Ndemi) kwezulu esiphezulu kwenzeka ngaphakathi 10 000 mm nokuningi.

Lokhu kuchazwe okushisa aphakeme, umswakama high, updraft nokudlanga.

Sekuyisikhathi eside waphawula ukuthi endaweni ekuyi-latitude eningizimu nenkabazwe 20º futhi 20º enyakatho uwela cishe 50% imvula eMhlabeni. Ukuqaphelwa amashumi eminyaka ukufakazela ukuthi imvula enkulu enkabazwe, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sendawo enezintaba.

Ukusatshalaliswa ayeke ukunisa umswakama enanini ngu amazwekazi

Ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi lemali kwezulu ewela yenkabazwe, ungabona iphesenti inani kwezulu phezu amazwekazi.

Umkhawulo nomtamo kwezulu

Kakhulu endaweni yemvula emhlabeni kubhekwa Mount Vamaleale (Hawaii). Lapha, ungakapheli nonyaka izinsuku 335 ka imvula. Isimo okuhlukile nasemkhakheni Atacama Desert (Chile), lapho imvula kungenzeka iwe phakathi nonyaka.

Kepha iningi inkomba umswakama owazithela phakathi nonyaka, ngokwesilinganiso, amazinga aphakeme e-Hawaii naseNdiya. ENtabeni Uayvil (HI), inani lemali kwezulu kuya 11900 mm, futhi Cherapundzhi esiteshini (India) - kuze kufinyelele 11400 mm. Lezi zindawo ezimbili kukhona abacebe ayeke ukunisa umswakama.

I Ezindaweni ezinesomiso kakhulu kukhona Afrika kanye naseNingizimu Melika. Ngokwesibonelo, e-oasis Khara (Egypt) ewela i-avareji umswakama esingaphansi konyaka 0.1 mm, futhi esikhundleni Arica (Chile) - 0.5 mm.

Umkhawulo we indices zomhlaba

Kusobala ukuthi iningi umswakama ewela yenkabazwe. Njengoba for ukusebenza esiphezulu, zalotshwa ngezikhathi ezihlukene futhi emazweni ahlukahlukene.

Njengoba inani eliphezulu umswakama ngaphakathi umzuzu uphonse Unionville (USA). Kwathi 07.04.1956. Inombolo yabo ngomzuzu kwaba 31.2 mm.

Uma siqhubeka isihloko, esiphezulu imvula nsuku zonke ezilotshwe Silaos (Reunion Island e-Indian Ocean). Kusukela 15.04.1952 16.04.1952 yehle ngo-1870 mm wamanzi.

Ubuningi ngenyanga eside kungokwalabo edolobheni owaziwa ICherrapunji (India), lapho ngoJulayi 1861 bawela 9299 mm imvula. Ngawo lowo nyaka kulotshwe izinga eliphelele, ezingafinyelela 26461 mm.

Yonke idatha ayisiqondisi. Gada izimo zezulu abonisa amarekhodi eziningi ezintsha, ezihlanganisa mayelana umswakama ukungaboni ngaso linye. Ngokwesibonelo, umlando ngenxa imvula enkulu lwaphuka ngemva kweminyaka engu-14 esiqhingini Guadeloupe. Kusukela sibalo langaphambilini, wazehlukanisa ngu mm eziningana.