Imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo. Ukubaluleka kokusetshenziswa

Ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezesayensi osanda kuvuselelwa amandla. Isikhathi sifikile esasenza sicabange ngekusasa futhi siqonde ngokucacile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamaminerali omhlaba akukwazi ukungafinyeleli.

Imithombo evuselelekayo yamandla (RES)

Ukusabela kwe-thermonuclear synthesis ye-Sun yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokuvela kwamanye amandla. Ngokwezibalo zezinkanyezi, ukuphila okulinganisiwe kule planethi kuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu eziyinkulungwane, okwenza kube lula ukwahlulela izindawo ezingapheli zemisebe yelanga. Imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo akuyona nje imifudlana engenayo ye-Sun, kodwa futhi nezinye iziqhumane - imithombo ehlukile: ukuhamba kwemimoya, amagagasi kanye nomjikelezo wamanzi emvelo. Sekuyisikhathi eside, imvelo ishintshelwe ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe yelanga futhi ngaleyo ndlela kufinyeleleke ekulinganiseni okushisayo. Lokhu kuthola amandla akuholeli ekushiseni komhlaba, ngoba, ngokuqalisa zonke izinqubo ezidingekayo emhlabeni, kubuyela esikhala. Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwemithombo evuselelekayo yamandla kuyisisekelo Ososayensi, intuthuko yesayensi ehamba phambili kule nsimu. Ngempela, kuzo zonke izilingo zelanga ezitholakele, ingxenye yesithathu kuphela isetshenziselwa ukusekela izinqubo zokuphila emhlabeni, 0.02% isetshenziswe izitshalo ze-photosynthesis ezidingekayo kubo, kanti ingxenye esele ingalawuli ibuyiselwa esikhaleni sangaphandle.

Izinhlobo nezinhlelo zokusebenza

Imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo iqukethe izingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko:

• Ilanga. Kulesi simo, umfudlana owutholiwe usetshenziswe ngokuqondile ngamabhethri elanga. Ukuguqulwa kwemisebe ye-electromagnetic ikuvumela ukuba ube nokuphuma kwamandla kagesi noma okushisa.
• Umoya. Ngosizo lwama-generator noma ama- windmills, amandla e - kinetic we-mass mass ashintshelwa ukugeleza okushisayo noma kagesi. Lapho kutholakala khona imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo, amalahle agcinwa amathani angama-29,000 kanye namafutha cishe amaphesenti angu-92 000 ngonyaka.
• Amanzi we-geothermal. Umthombo oshisayo ovela emithonjeni ye-geothermal isetshenziswa njenge-coolant yezitshalo zamandla ezishisayo. I-GeoTES ikwakhiwa ezindaweni ezisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, lapho amanzi esondela khona emhlabathini futhi anezinga lokushisa lokushisa lokubilisa. Le mithombo engaphansi komhlaba ikhona ekujuleni okujulile, futhi ukufinyelela kuzo kungemithombo emihle.
• Amanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwezitshalo zamandla kwavumela ukugeleza kwamanzi njengomthombo wamandla. Ukusebenzisa amandla amagagasi, iziteshi zamandla agesi azakhiwe, amandla akhethekile angaphezu komthamo womoya nokufakwa kwelanga.

I-Laboratory National yaseDenmark yalungisa umbiko lapho kwathiwa ngo-2050 umhlaba uzokwazi ukushintshela ekutholeni amandla ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zayo zizobe zingaphansi kwezindleko zokukhipha imithombo yemvelo kusukela ekujuleni komhlaba.