Imithombo inqubo ukulamula umbango. Imithombo umthetho ukulamula umbango

Imithombo inqubo ukulamula umbango - ifomu yokukhuluma yomthetho angaphandle. Kusukela Russian Federation kungokwalabo Roman-germankoy umndeni zomthetho, ngokulandelana, futhi imithombo ethandwa kakhulu yiziqondiso.

Izinhlobo amafomu yokukhuluma

Imithombo umthetho ukulamula umbango zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Imithetho.
2. iziqondiso Ongaphansi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Isigaba 3 we Arbitrazh Procedure Code ichaza deku hhayi kuphela imiqondo eshiwo ngaphezulu, kodwa futhi libhekisela kulabo soMthethosisekelo isimo, imithetho kahulumeni yomthethosisekelo, kanye eziningi izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe.

Isimo ezidingekayo lapho yonke imithombo yenqubo ukulamula umbango - okuqondene kule ndawo yomsebenzi. Ngakho, kuphela labo izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, netimiso izenzo, okuyinto alawule kwendawo echazwe kuzobhekwa njengoba ifomu kwemithetho inkulumo.

Kakhulu ezilukhuni design nezinyathelo kuyinto inqubo ukulamula umbango. IziNyathelo yalolu hlobo kulawulwa kuphela ngumthetho kahulumeni. Izifunda linebanga elincane amandla futhi nezindaba okungase kuthinte ngokusebenzisa Ukukhishwa imibhalo efanele.

Izici yenqubo ukulamula umbango njengoba igatsha umthetho, kuhlanganise imithetho zenqubo ikakhulu amanga eqinisweni lokuthi kulo mkhakha womsebenzi kulawulwa kuphela umthetho. izibonelo Judicial, amasiko, kanye nezinye izinhlobo amalungelo Inkulumo kungukuthi ukuhlonishwa ukulamula umbango.

Izinhlobo ezithile imithombo

KweSahluko VII soMthethosisekelo WaseRussia usungula imithetho jikelele elawula umsebenzi wonke isimiso sokwahlulela, ikakhulukazi, inqubo ukulamula umbango. Concept, izinhlobo, kanye nezinye izihloko eliyisisekelo eMthethweni Basic ayikwazi ukutholwa, kodwa singathola ezinye iziphetho ngokusekelwe ulwazi olutholakala. Ngokwesibonelo, kulesi sigaba usungula izimiso jikelele ukusebenza kokushintsha ezobulungiswa. Esanda kutholakala uMthethosisekelo ubuciko steel olusetshenziswa ngokuqondile ku umkhuba.

A indima ekhethekile udlalwa isinqumo ukulamula umbango we Supreme Court Arbitration KaHulumeni. asemthethweni ezikhishwe yileyo umzimba, akuzona yemithetho, futhi awanalo yimuphi umthetho okhona. Nokho, indima iziqondiso kuyinto ukucacisa nezindaba impikiswano.

Iqhaza zoMthetho Federal futhi Federal Umthetho womthethosisekelo

Imithombo ukulamula umbango inqubo ihlanganise imithetho yombuso kanye federal ngokomthethosisekelo phakathi ohlelweni lwabo. Abanye babo ngokuqondile enikelwe ukuqaliswa ubulungiswa, abanye ngokungaqondile kuphela ezihlobene lolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Kunoma ikuphi, yilowo nalowo kubo ungumthombo umthetho. Phakathi ezihlukahlukene, abaluleke kakhulu yilezi:

• Federal Umthetho womthethosisekelo "On the Judicial System" futhi "Ngo ezinkantolo umbango ku Russian Federation."

Inani NAP kuqala ukuthi aqinise isisekelo okwakhelwe kuso ukusekela yonke lwebulungisa jikelele. Uhlelo lwesibili inquma ngokuqondile kudivayisi inqubo ukulamula umbango: yomthetho, indawo, Ukwakheka imikhumbi nokunye.

• Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.

Imithombo ye-umbango umthetho zihlanganisa Arbitrazh Procedure Code. Lesi senzo iqukethe eziningi imithetho nenqubo, ezisetshenziswa ngqo inqubo ukulamula umbango.

• Umthetho "On the Isimo yabaHluleli".

Libhekisela elibhekisela kuso sonke isimiso sokwahlulela Russia kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakuyiphi enkantolo ethile. Lo mthetho usungula ezingokomthetho zokuzivikela futhi liqinisekisa ngokuba abantu abagunyaziwe ukuze ubulungiswa.

Amakhodi e ukulamula umbango

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, inqubo ukulamula umbango njengoba igatsha umthetho kusekelwe hhayi kuphela imithetho yamazwe, kodwa futhi amakhodi ezithinta isimo izenzo zomthetho oshiwo ngenhla. Kwenqwaba yemithetho elawula inqubo kanye ukucacisa ukuziphatha kokuqhutshwa arbitral, igxile embhalweni we-APC. Lona mbhalo eziyisisekelo normative, lapho kukhona imiqondo, imigomo, nemibandela ukwamukela noma ukwenqaba isicelo, uhla abantu nokunye.

Kule ndaba nanku umbuzo: Kungani buthelela yonke imithetho e isenzo zomthetho olulodwa futhi ukwakha imisebenzi ezinkantolo umbango ngaphakathi accordance nga it? Impendulo isobala futhi elula. imithombo Amaningi inqubo ukulamula umbango ube uhlamvu ekhethekile. Zisetshenziswa futhi esetshenzisiwe kuqhathaniswa isigaba esithile lwamacala. Ngakho, akunandaba mqondo ukulungisa izinga Ikhodi, engesiyo ngokuvamile kusebenza, futhi kulawulwa isenzo zomthetho ehlukile.

umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe

Igcwele ezihlukahlukene omkhulu emithonjeni yenqubo ukulamula umbango. ithebula elabela amandla abo angokomthetho abonisa ukuthi iziqondiso uhlamvu ngamazwe iholwa kulolu hlu.

Ingxenye 4 Article 15 soMthethosisekelo sithi izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezivumelwano, izenzo, yesigodi, namanye amadokhumenti bayingxenye isimiso somthetho sangaleso isimo. Lezi zihlanganisa hhayi kuphela izimiso lamukelwa endaweni yonke, kodwa futhi umthetho omkhulu futhi zenqubo.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo kulesi simo kuyinto isivumelwano elawula ukuxazulula ingxabano ukuthi zibe ngenxa yomsebenzi wezomnotho. Inani ezibalulekile has a Convention abolishes imfuneko semthethweni endaweni ethile asemthethweni wamanye amazwe. Inani inqubo ukulamula umbango omkhulu kangangokuthi ngisho umthombo WaseYurophu Human Rights. Okungukuthi, Isigaba 6 uthi zonke izakhamuzi isimo unelungelo a lokugwetshwa.

On umkhuba zokwahlulela

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi igunya of ukulawulwa nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana basonta kwezinkambiso zomthetho, umkhuba Russian samajaji ntshashintshe kuthinta isinqumo emacembu latsite kwenzinye izingxabano. Kuze kube manje, iningi lososayensi, abameli bathi umkhuba zokwahlulela kuletha ekwakhiweni kwemithetho hhayi kuphela kodwa pravorealizuyuschee umthelela.

It kubonakala izinqumo we International Court of Justice, futhi lisebenzise izinqumo zomhlangano wamaKhotho aPhakemeko, kanye ezinqumeni izimantshi. Ngokusekelwe ukuhlaziya izinqumo eziningi enkantolo, ijaji ayakuphuma isinqumo noma isinqumo njalo elilinganayo umthetho, uholwe izinqumo zenkantolo ngaphambilini eyakhishwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphezulu kunikezwa iziphathimandla, abasendaweni uphezulu esitebhisini umsebenzi, okungukuthi oluphakeme kakhulu ubulungisa.

Izizathu ukusebenzisa sandulela zokwahlulela

Kunengqondo ukuthi Russian Federation idale zonke preconditions ngoba imithombo inqubo ukulamula umbango yayikhona kuphela imithetho zokulawula neziqondiso. Nokho, amacala angaphambili abonisa lomthetho ngokwethukela kusetshenziswa kakhulu emsebenzini zokwahlulela ngenxa yokuba khona kulezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Isinqumo esingujuqu nethonya eliqondile imisebenzi neziphathimandla zomthetho neyokuphatha. Futhi umthelela akuyona kuphela ezingeni federal kodwa ezingeni lesifunda ngisho zendawo. Ngakho, umahluleli ayikwazanga ukusiza ukulawula umsebenzi phezu imisebenzi nezinye zikahulumeni, nakuba eqinisweni lokhu akufanele kube. Yingakho ematfuba iphutha siqedwa ngokuphelele. Ukuze wenze ikhambi lesifanele zomthetho elihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zomthetho oshayiwe Russian, indlela elula ukusizakala isipiliyoni ozakwabo kanye ukwenza okufanayo.
2. Uhlelo zezomthetho state esikhathini entsha yentuthuko. Kancane kancane ukwandisa imingcele futhi inani izingxabano lapho azinakuxazululwa kuphela umthetho. Kuze kube manje, akunakwenzeka ukwakha isenzo esisodwa eyabekwa, eye kulayini zonke izici ubudlelwane emphakathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye okuyinto ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo, emthethweni zombango ezikhona, uhlangana zengqondo kwezomnotho kanye zokuziphatha, phakathi okuyinto ivelele njengoba wodwana, nezinye ubuhlobo okukhethekile.

practice zomthetho International

Imithombo ukulamula umbango ekuqhutshweni amandla zomthetho zihlanganisa thwa sasiyosetshenziswa okukhona umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Abahluleli Russian hlaziya izinqumo eNkantolo YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu njengoba omunye ubulungiswa evelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, seSivumelwano Samazwe AseYurophu, esivikela amalungelo esintu, inquma ukuthi izixazululo wegunya ngenhla iyawabopha ensimini Russian Federation. Uma isakhamuzi asebenzise zoke izindlela ezifuywayo Ukuvikelwa isimo sabo ongokomthetho, unezizathu ezizwakalayo banxuse iNkantolo YaseYurophu.

Imiphumela zenqubo sezinqumo ubulungiswa ngamazwe

Umkhuba kwesicelo izinqumo zenkantolo European ngamazwe kuphakamisa imiphumela ezithile iyawabopha ensimini Russian Federation. Ngokwe Arbitrazh Procedure Code, uma ukuqulwa kwecala esimweni kuyinto ekuqhubeni i umzimba ngamazwe yobulungisa, ukuthi endaweni Russian Federation, zonke izenzo endabeni inqanyulwe.

Uma ngemuva kwekutsatfwa kwesincumo okuqaliswe isikhalazo tinchubo, okwaphumela okuphula zoMthetho Convention, leli qiniso isisekelo kubukezwe isenzo zokwahlulela esakhishwa yile Nkantolo YaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu, ihambelane nezimo eyayisanda kutholakala.

yomthetho Federal

Imithombo inqubo ukulamula umbango nge izibonelo kuhlobisa website esemthethweni izinkantolo sikahulumeni. Okubaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini zenqubo yezinkantolo ukulamula kunikezwa ekufinyeleleni isinqumo seNkantolo WaseRussia yoMthethosisekelo.

Ngaphambili wonke amandla ukuxazulula izingxabano endaweni wobulungisa civil ingeyamakhosi Ephakeme Arbitration Court, manje kulo mkhakha womsebenzi ihlobene kwekhono le Supreme Court. Isici esiphawulekayo kulesi sigaba sama-izixazululo wukuthi balindeleke hhayi kuphela abantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho ensimini ka-Russia, kodwa nezalo omele, mphathi emizimbeni zomthetho, kanye LSG.

I ngokucacile sezinqumo we eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo

I engavamile kwalesi sigaba izisombululo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ngemva isimemezelo ngokushesha Ungena force. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinqumo yeNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ayikwazi enkantolo yamacala adlulisiwe, asidingi isiqinisekiso nge nezinye izikhulu noma imuphi zikahulumeni.

Inani izinqumo yeNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ukuthi isibukezo amalungiselelo athile soMthethosisekelo kunomthelela oqonde ngqo kwi semthethweni wobulungisa, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa ukulamula umbango ekuqhutshweni. Zonke izinqumo ezenziwe inkantolo, okuncike izinga okungukuthi ekubuyekezweni yiNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo uyakuba necala yokukhansela.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umkhuba weNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo kuhlanganisa iziqondiso eziningi ezibangelwa umsebenzi inqubo ukulamula umbango. Ngokuvamile, ukunakwa ukhangwa AIC, izinhlinzeko zoMthetho okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi babhekwa njengabantu abadala lingahambisani uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation. Esanda kutholakala, umthetho satjhugululwa wokubukeza amacala ezinkantolo umbango ebufakazini eyayisanda kutholakala.

ubuqiniso

Yonke imithombo yamazinga zomthetho ihlukaniswe amandla ngokomthetho. UMthethosisekelo Russian Federation uphokophele ohlwini, kanye umkhuba zokwahlulela wenze inenani engesobala. Kunoma ikuphi, uhlelo ngokomthetho eRussia ethuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi inikeza izindlela ezintsha futhi izinhlobo ukubonakaliswa umthetho, kanye zokulawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, anhlobonhlobo zobudlelwano nomphakathi, kulawulwa umthetho ukulamula umbango njalo uyanda. Lokhu kufakazelwa imibono eminingi yezazi zomthetho, hhayi kuphela ezingeni federal, kodwa futhi format ngamazwe.