Ifilosofi Descartes

Ifilosofi Rene Dekarta - wukuthi kuyiphi umsuka rationalism. Lokhu sefilosofi wayaziwa nangokuthi sezibalo esikhulu. Ongqondongqondo Abaningi baye based agumenti lwawo kulabo imicabango ukuthi wake wabhala Descartes. "Izimiso of Philosophy" - omunye azibhala yakhe edume kunazo zonke.

Okokuqala, Descartes idume yokuthi kwafakazela ukubaluleka ingqondo enqubeni yokufunda, isihambile imfundiso yokuziphendukela ozalwa imibono, imfundiso lomcebo futhi izindlela zayo yezimfanelo. Futhi umbhali inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kwenza. Ekuthuthukiseni mbono, wayefuna ukuvumelanisa idealists kanye materialists.

Ifilosofi Descartes

Iqiniso lokuthi ingqondo ngesisekelo solwazi kanye nenhlalakahle, Descartes wagomela kanje: emhlabeni izenzakalo eziningi kakhulu futhi Okungenzeki ukuqonda, kwenza ukuphila kwaba nzima, kodwa inikeza lesi kwesokudla ukuba baphakamise khonondo yokuthi kubonakala elula neqondile. Kule singaphetha ngokuthi kukhona ukungabaza njalo ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo. Ukungabaza is a impahla umcabango - abangakwazi okomkhiwane kuphela, uyakwazi ukucabanga. Ukucabanga ungakwazi kuphela umuntu ukhona ngempela, ngakho-ke, ukucabanga oluyisisekelo khona nolwazi. Ukucabanga - lena umsebenzi isizathu. Kusukela Kulokhu singaphetha ukuthi ingqondo iyimpande.

Esifundweni njengezisulu zakhe ngefilosofi wokuba sefilosofi owawuyosilethela umqondo oyisisekelo ezaziyobonakaliswa okushiwo ukuba. Ngemva kokucabangisisa ngale yinde, ithatha umqondo wokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. Into - yinto angaba khona ngaphandle kosizo ngaphandle - okusho ukuthi ukuba khona into ayidingi enye into ngaphandle uqobo. Kuchazwe ngendlela wesimo esisodwa kuphela angase abe. Lokho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi uNkulunkulu. Nkulunkulu umi phakade, engaqondakali, enguMninimandla onke futhi ngokuphelele Imbangela zonke.

He is umdali owadala umhlaba, nakho liqukethe into. Conjured kubo izidakamizwa futhi angase aziphilele ngawodwa abe. Ziyakwazi oludonsa kuphela maqondana nomunye futhi akhulume noNkulunkulu - nemikhiqizo.

nefilosofi Descartes 'uhlukanisa ketshezi lesibili:

- impahla;

- engokomoya.

Wabuye siqokomisa imfanelo kokubili izinhlobo izidakamizwa. Ukuze impahla - ukhangwa engokomoya - ukucabanga. nefilosofi Descartes 'kusho ukuthi umuntu, futhi okungokomoya futhi izinto ezibonakalayo. Empeleni, lo nguye ivelele phakathi kwezinye izidalwa. Kubhekwe le, kufika umbono ka kwenza, okungukuthi, webumbacambili yomuntu. Descartes uthi akunandaba mqondo ukubheka impendulo yombuzo othi, yini imbangela: umqondo noma ababalulekile. Futhi, bobabili axhunyiwe kuphela indoda, futhi njengoba esikabili - bamane aba yimbangela. Zafika lapho, zatholana njalo kukhona izinhlangothi ezahlukene nenhlalakahle efanayo. Ubuhlobo babo busobala.

Ukubuza imibuzo yolwazi, Descartes ukugcizelela main ivuliwe Indlela yesayensi. Wayekholelwa ukuthi le ndlela iye yasetshenziselwa izibalo, i-physics kanye neminye imikhakha yesayensi, kodwa iye yasetshenziswa hhayi nefilosofi. Ngamanye amazwi, naye wayekholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola into entsha ngempela ukuyisebenzisa. Njengoba indlela yezesayensi wasebenzisa imali ebanjwayo.

nefilosofi Descartes 'kuhlanganisa imfundiso kaZiqu imibono isegazini. Lonke Iphuzu liwukuthi selimazi enqubeni yokufunda, kodwa kukhona abanye ukuthi zisobala futhi akudingeki ukufunda noma ubufakazi. Ziyakwazi ngokuthi axioms. Lezi imiqondo kungaba axioms noma ezizathwini. Izibonelo imiqondo:

- Nkulunkulu;

- umphefumulo;

- nombolo.

Izibonelo zinto:

- ukuba kanye kungabi ngesikhathi esifanayo akunakwenzeka;

- wonke uhlale enkulu kunemicebo ingxenye;

- Nothing enzeka lutho kuphela.

Qaphela ukuthi lokhu ifilosofi iyona umsekeli esisebenzayo, ulwazi hhayi abstract. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ukwakheka kwabantu kumele ngcono.