Ifayela le-XML: liyini nokuthi liyivule kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, abasebenzisi abaningi bezinhlelo zekhompyutha zanamuhla kanye nemikhiqizo yezinhlelo zezinhlobo ezahlukene bahlangana namafayela ane-extension .xml. Abaningi nje abazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwedokhumenti, indlela yokuyivula. Manje kuzocatshangelwa ukuthi ungavula kanjani ifayela lefomethi ye-XML. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sizoyithola ukuthi iyini nokuthi ikuphi.

Iyini ifayela le-XML?

Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi, kusukela ekubukeni kwamakhompiyutha namanje izinhlelo zekhompuyutha ezisetshenziselwa ukudala amadokhumenti alolu hlobo, ifomethi ye-XML iyifayili yombhalo lapho imiyalo yolimi olubanzi olwandisiwe (uLimi OluPhezulu Olwandisiwe), olufana kakhulu nolwazi oludumile Ithuluzi lokumaketha le-HTML.

Ngokuvamile, ifayela le-XML liqukethe ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nento evezwa ngamagama achazayo (ngaphezulu kwalokhu kamuva). Ngokuqondene nedatha egcinwe kulezi ziqukathi, lezi zingaba imininingwane, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa izinkomba zevidiyo nezomsindo kwi-Inthanethi, izilungiselelo zomsebenzisi ezigcinwe izinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nawo wonke amakhasi ewebhu.

Isibonelo, ungathatha, uthi, i-albhamu yomsindo womculi. Ifayela le-XML liqukethe ulwazi mayelana nonyaka wokukhululwa, uhlobo, inombolo kanye nesihloko samathrekhi, ukuthandwa, njll. Nokho, uma uvakashela izinsiza kwiWebhu Yesevisi Yomhlaba, i-surfer akudingeki icabange ngokuvulwa ngokomzimba kwaleli fayela lwazi, ngoba ngisho nalapho udlala ingoma inthanethi kumdlali Yonke idatha izoboniswa ngohlobo lwalawo okuqukethwe emafayeleni e-MP3 ejwayelekile ngendlela yama-ID3-tags. Ulwazi njengoba lilayishwa kwithrekhi ephindwe kabusha.

Ukubuka kwefayela le-XML

Uma ubheka uhlobo lwefayela, ungabona ngokushesha ukuthi kuzo zonke izinto zichazwa ngokusebenzisa amathegi kanye nezimfanelo ezibekwa ngesandla.

Mayelana nemilayezo eyisisekelo yolimi ngokwayo, ayifuni manje, ngoba umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akadingi lolo lwazi. Into kuphela engabonwa ukuthi yiyo kuphela inani elithile lezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuchaza into kule fomethi ayikho: njengoba kunesidingo, eziningi zicacisiwe.

Indlela yokuvula ifomethi ejwayelekile ye-XML

Manje ake sibone ukuthi ungavula kanjani ifayela le-XML. Njengoba kakade, mhlawumbe, abaningi baye bakuqonda, lokhu kuyifayela le-text, okusho ukuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa ekubukeni noma ekuhleleni noma yikuphi, ngisho nomhleli omdala kakhulu. Yebo, noma kunjalo, "Inothi" elifanayo elivela kwi-Windows ejwayelekile.

Nokho, akuzona zonke izinto ezilula. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokuchofoza ngokuphindwe kabili ifayela ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi ukuxhumana okuhambisana nanoma yiluphi uhlelo ngeke kuvulwe. Ngcono, uhlelo luzohlinzeka uhlu lwezicelo ezifanele kakhulu. Ungakhetha lolu hlelo ngokuqonda kwakho, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo hlola ibhokisi ukusetshenziswa okuphakade kwesicelo esikhethiwe kuwo wonke amafayela alolu hlobo.

Ungenza ngokuhlukile usebenzisa ukuchofoza ngakwesokudla efayeleni bese ukhetha umyalo othi "Vula nge ...", bese uphinde ukhethe uhlelo olufunayo kusuka kuhlu noma ucacise indawo ye-main executable (ngokuvamile ifayela le-EXE).

Indlela yesithathu yokuvula ifayela le-XML ukuqala uhlelo, bese usebenzisa imenyu evulekile imenyu (ezimweni eziningi lokhu kuyi-Ctrl + O). Akudingekile ukusebenzisa i-Notepad. Sicela, ifayela livule ngaphandle kwezinkinga kuhlelo lokusebenza olufanayo lweZwi nokunye okunjalo. Ngisho ne-Microsoft Excel ingavula idatha yale fomethi.

Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ukuhlela ifomethi ye-XML, kungcono ukusebenzisa izinsiza zomsebenzi ngokusekela ulimi lwe-syntax, isibonelo, i-Oxygen XML Editor, i-XML Marker noma i-EditiX Lite Version. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu akuwona wonke amasevisi angasebenza ngelimi lefayela ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Namuhla kunezinhlelo eziningi ezinjalo.

Manje amazwi ambalwa mayelana nokuthi kungani ngezinye izikhathi iphutha lefayela le-XML livela uma ulivula. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa yokuphulwa kobuqiniso befayela ngokwayo, kanye nokungeniswa okungalungile kwezici ezichazayo noma amathegi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-Excel, kunomkhawulo emkhawulweni wemigqa ebonisiwe, ngakho-ke kulokhu, idatha ekuvuleni ingase ingaphelele.

Amaphutha angenzeka uma uvula ifayela le-XML njengenamathiselwe ye-imeyili

Ngezinye izikhathi amaphutha angenzeka uma kwenziwa umzamo wokuvula ifayela elinamathiselwe nge-imeyili. Ngokuyinhloko lokhu kusebenza kumaklayenti e-mail ajwayelekile njenge-Outlook Express.

Udaba ukuthi ekuqaleni okokunamathiselwe kugcinwa ngesimo sedatha yesikhathi (ngokuvamile kaningi ngokungeziwe kokunye .tmp kuya kwandiso oluyinhloko), futhi kubhekiselwa kuso.

Ukuze ugweme isimo esinjalo, kwanele nje ukuthi ugcine okokunamathiselwe kwifomethi yangempela kunoma yikuphi indawo elula kwi-disk noma emithonjeni ekhishwayo, bese usebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile ezichazwe ngenhla.

Esikhundleni sesamba

Njengoba ubona, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi ekuqondeni isakhiwo nezindlela zokuvula amafayela kule fomethi. Kodwa lapha, inkinga yokudala i-XML-idatha ayingacatshangwa, ngoba ukuqonda ngokugcwele inqubo kubalulekile ukwazi okungenani izinsisekelo zolimi uqobo. Kuzo zonke, ngicabanga, abasebenzisi ngeke babe nezinkinga namafayela kule fomethi.