I ububanzi of the Earth

Umhlaba - planethi yethu okuwukuphela kwayo ezaziwayo endaweni yonke lapho kukhona ukuphila. yobudala wayo Kulinganiselwa iminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 3.5-4.5.

Zeminyaka, abantu nje osezingqondweni zethu uMhlaba njengemvula indiza sasibekwe esisekelweni. Futhi lowo mbono sekungamakhulu ngamakhulu eminyaka zikhona nakuzo izizwe ezahlukene zomhlaba. Nokho, navigation, uhambo lempi eside, ukuyothenga mikhankaso wanika ukudla siwathumbela ingqondo enelukuluku.

Ngokokuqala ngqá emhlabeni njengoba sphere aphakanyisiwe izazi yamaGreki asendulo. Esikhathini 3rd ekhulwini BC (235 BC) Erastofen (sokuma nesezinkanyezi) ukucacisa ubukhulu loMhlaba yilanga at iphuzu elithile, etholakala eduze nedolobha lase-Alexandria. Lo muzi - maphakathi isayensi namasiko yaseGibithe lasendulo. izinto Archaeological, ukutadisha somlando omdala waseGibhithe lasendulo yesimanje basikisela ukuthi kakade 3 yeminyaka BC AbaseGibithe kwadingeka umqondo omuhle kakhulu yonke Nomhlaba.

Ngo ngenjikalanga ehlobo (ekhalendeni yesimanje Juni 22) Erastofen kubalwe i-engeli ye kwesifo kwelanga nasethunzini Obelisk. Idatha wamvumela ukuba sithole engaba Earth. Esikhathini 2nd ekhulwini BC UPtolemy wazama ukubala obungazungeza iplanethi ngendlela efanayo.

I izazi zezinkanyezi zasendulo zazivela geocentric theory postulates - zonke ebonakalayo zasemkhathini ukuhambahambisa Earth. NgeNkathi Ephakathi (9-11 cc.) Ososayensi elise-Asia Ephakathi futhi olwenziwa nesilinganiso izifundo. Bona bacubungula imisebenzi yezazi zasendulo. ubukhulu eMhlabeni kwaba ibalwa nososayensi Indian. Ukuhlola okwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ezindaweni ezahlukene zomhlaba kanye amayunithi ezahlukene. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela izibalo kwemigomo iplanethi yethu, Sun, iNyanga ayeseduze ngenani.

Ekhulwini le-16 kwaqinisa isikhundla nabasekeli heliocentric okuphathelene nokwakheka kwendawo yonke. Ilanga - isikhungo emhlabeni lapho amaplanethi, phakathi lapho Earth wethu akulona ngobukhulu.

Ukuxhumana iplanethi yethu-Sun, Moon futhi eminye imihlaba wendawo yonke akunakuphikwa. Kusolwa ukuthi Zomhlaba kanye Moon kanye uyayenza yomkhakha owodwa. Kodwa, ebhekene izigidigidi omkhulu elisemkhathini zeminyaka edlule, the Moon waba nomzimba ahlukene cosmic. inzuzo yayo kuyo yonke iplanethi yethu izinsuku 27 futhi cishe 7 amahora - lena inyanga yethu emhlabeni. A ngesikhathi lapho Umhlaba uzungeza ilanga, ebe - izinsuku ezingu-365 - Earth ngonyaka.

Yiqiniso, ukuthi kube namaphutha ekhulwini-eside izilinganiso nemingcele iplanethi yethu, namuhla ngokomthetho izinhlangothi ezilandelayo: engaba Zomhlaba - 6378.1363 km; ububanzi yenkabazwe eMhlabeni - 12756, 274 km; Ububanzi we South ukuba North Pole - 12514 km.

Empeleni, ekhuluma nemingcele iplanethi, kunengqondo esikhulu nangokwengeziwe sokukhuluma of ubukhulu bayo, ngoba Umhlaba akuyona sphere ephelele, amandla ukujikeleza kwenza lesiyingi noma geoid. Kulula ukubala ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwezindinganiso kuyinto 43 km, kanye ububanzi isilinganiso Zomhlaba - 12,743.2 km.

Indlela nokunemba lezi zinombolo? Kala futhi acacise kwemigomo Umhlaba uyaqhubeka. ososayensi Modern abasebenza emaqenjini ngamazwe, ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthola ulwazi kusuka amaphuzu ezahlukene wonke. Ngo-2007, imiphumela nesilinganiso yashicilelwa ezazibonisa ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka ka-2000, ubukhulu eMhlabeni Sehle ngo 5 kwangu. Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi iplanethi yethu kuyancipha? Kunalokho, kuwubufakazi bokuthi ngcono amasu nesilinganiso, wasebenzisa ulwazi oluphelele kakhulu futhi kunembile, yesimanje Geophysical onobuhle.

Ngakho, lo ububanzi isilinganiso Umhlaba ku idatha yakamuva olusha - 12 756 274 km.

Ngo ucwaningo lwamuva usebenzisa izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Igagasi nesilinganiso umsakazo (Quasar) okuyinto thatha 70 yerediyo elise ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene kule planethi yethu.
2. Isethelayithi laser esukela, lapho ibanga ukusuka mkhathi emhlabathini kukalwa nge laser.
3. Izinhlelo zokucwaninga GPS kanye UDORIS satellite izinhlelo.