I-Gutta-percha - yilokhu .. Incazelo yegama elithi "gutta-percha"

Izinto ezifana ne-gutta percha zibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-latex zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezithathwe yijusi yezihlahla ze-genus i-Palaquium, i-Isonandra ne-Dichopsis. Igama ngokwalo livela egameni lesitshalo ngesiLimiya - "geyha-persa," ehunyushwa ngokuthi "i-glove latex." I-Gutta-percha - yiyiphi? Lesi siphakamiso sisetshenziswe kokubili ngokoqobo nangokomfanekiso.

Kusuka ekubukeni kwesayensi

Iyini incazelo yegama elithi "gutta-percha"? Kusukela ekuboneni kwezesayensi, le ndaba yahlukaniswa ngo-1843 futhi ihlukaniswa njenge-thermoplastics yemvelo ewusizo. Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19 le-gutta-percha lasetshenziselwa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhloso zasemakhaya nezimboni.

Ngokuyinhloko, le ndaba yayidingeka njengento evikelayo yamakholi angaphansi kwamanzi. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba i-gutta-percha isetshenziswe ezweni laseNtshonalanga, lalisetshenziswe ngendlela encane esetshenzisiwe ngabomdabu bama-Malaysian archipelago ekwakhiweni kwemishini yokumese, izintambo zokuhamba nezinye izinjongo.

Owokuqala waseYurophu ukuthola lokhu kwakunguJohn Tradescant, owambona eMpumalanga Ekude ngo-1656. Wabiza ngokuthi "iMaser Forest". UDkt. William Montgomery, udokotela we-Indian Service, wethula i-gutta-percha ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo eNtshonalanga. Wayengowokuqala ukuhlola okusemandleni alo mkhakha kwezokwelapha, futhi ngo-1843 wanikezwa iMidal Gold yeRoyal Society of Art eLondon.

Gutta Percha

E-Malaysia, isihlahla siyaziwa ngokuthi "i-taban", futhi abantu basekhaya basebenzisa isobho esinzima ("khans") ekwenzeni izinto ezifana nezibambo ezibunjiwe zamathuluzi nemivese. Le latex yemvelo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-gutta-percha, ingumkhiqizo owusizo kakhulu.

Izihlahla ze-Palaquium gutta zikhula zibe yi-5-30 m ubude futhi zivame ukufika ku-1.5m ububanzi. Amaqabunga ahlale eluhlaza, ehamba noma enomoya, elula, ephelele, cishe ubude buka-8-25 cm ngamunye. Zihlaza okwesibhakabhaka phezulu futhi ngokuvamile ziphuzi noma ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngezansi.

Izimbali zivela ezinqwabelweni ezincane ngeziqu, imbali ngayinye ine-corolla emhlophe enezingalo ezine eziyisikhombisa (eziyisithupha) ezibukhali. Isithelo yi-berry efana neqanda 3-7 cm ububanzi, equkethe kusuka imbewu eyodwa kuya ezine. Ezinhlobo eziningi kuyadliwa.

E-Australia, i-gutta-percha yigama elivamile, ikakhulukazi elisetshenziselwa isihlahla se-Excoecaria parvifolia, esinika izinkuni ezimnandi, ezinzima kakhulu. Kubizwa nangokuthi "i-birch esenyakatho". Lezi zinhlobo ezithile azihlotshaniswa ne-Palaquium yohlobo.

Kusuka endaweni yokubuka amakhemikhali

Iyini i-gutta-percha? Ngomqondo wangempela wenziwa nge-gutta-percha. Iyini le makhemikhali kusuka endaweni yokubukwa kwamakhemikhali? Esikhathini salo, i-latex elastomer noma i-polymer eyenziwe nge-isoprene noma i-polyisoprene. Ngenkathi ama-rubber latex engama-amorphous esakhiweni samangqamuzana, i-gutta percha (i-transstructure) ikhiqiza, okuholela ekuhambeni okunamandla ngokwengeziwe. I-Gutta-percha i-polymeric isoprene ethambile lapho ishisa futhi ingafakwa kalula ekubunjweni okuhlukahlukene okuningiliziwe.

Sebenzisa kumazinyo omuthi

I-bioinertia efanayo eyenza i-gutta percha evumelana nezintambo zasolwandle nayo yayiwusizo ngezinhloso zezokwelapha, okungukuthi kumazinyo. Le nto isetshenziselwa amadivayisi amaningi okuhlinza futhi ekuhlinzeni izimpande (ukuvala noma ukugcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho ngaphakathi kwempande lezinyo ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa kwe-endodontic). Izakhiwo zayo zomzimba nezomakhemikhali, kuhlanganise nokungafihleki nokuzicabangela, iphuzu lokuqhaqhazela, i-ductility kanye neductility, kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni kwe-endodontics.

Ukusetshenziswa komlando

Njengoba i-inert ye-biologically inert futhi igxilile, lolu hlobo lwe-latex lungumshini omuhle we-insulator kagesi onokugunyazwa okuphezulu kwe-dielectric. Izinkuni zezinhlobo eziningi nazo zibalulekile. Emazweni asentshonalanga, izakhiwo ze-gutta-percha zaqaphela kuphela ngo-1842, nakuba ama-aborigines aseMalaysia asekhaya asetshenziselwa amakhulu eminyaka. Uma lokhu ketshezi (ijusi) kuvunyelwe ukuba kuqhume futhi kuqhutshwe elangeni, kutholakala i-latex enzima, okungabuye iguquguquke uma ishushu, kodwa ingabonakali, ngokungafani ne-rubber etholakale ngaphambi kokuvulwa kwe-vulcanization.

Ngo-1845, izingcingo ze-telegraph, i-gutta-percha ehlukile, zazikhiqizwe e-United Kingdom. I-Latex yasebenza njengezinto ezivimbayo amakhodi we-telegraph angaphansi kwamanzi, kuhlanganise nekhebula lokuqala le-teletraph telegraph. I-Gutta-percha yayifaneleka kakhulu kulokhu, ngoba ayizange ihlaselwe izitshalo zasolwandle noma izilwane ezaduna izintambo zasemanzini zangaphambili.

Le ndaba yayiyingxenye eyinhloko yokuxhumeka kwe-Chatterton, esetshenziselwa ukufaka uphawu lwe-telegraph nokunye amakhodi kagesi. Kusukela ngo-1930, i-polyethylene ichitha i-gutta-percha njengesivikeli kagesi.

Phakathi ne-XIX leminyaka i-gutta-percha nayo isetshenziselwa ukwakha ifenisha, ikakhulukazi, yinkampani "Gutta-Percha", eyasungulwa ngo-1847. Uma ukufutheka, le ndaba ingenziwa ifakwe ifenisha, imihlobiso noma izitsha. Ezinye zalezi zicucu zokuvuselela ziboniswa eMbukisweni Omkhulu ngo-1851 eHyde Park eLondon.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje

Kwakusetshenziselwa ukwenza ubucwebe bemngcwabo ngoba kwakunombala omnyama futhi wawungadalwa kalula ube ubuhlalu noma ezinye izinhlobo. Ukubamba ibhuloho kanye namapayipi amahlombe nakho kwakwenziwa nge-gutta-percha, eyabanika amandla nokuqina. Ibhola legolfu le-guttie, elinesisekelo esiqinile se-gutta percha, lakhiqiza izinguquko zangempela emdlalweni.

Lezi zinto zahlala zingumkhiqizo oyinhloko wezimboni ekhulwini lama-20, kodwa kamuva kancane kancane kwafakwa esikhundleni sezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokwenziwa kwezakhi. Naphezu komlando wayo omude, i-gutta-percha isasetshenziswa namuhla. Odokotela bamazinyo banamuhla baqhubeka bewusebenzisa ukuze bagcwalise imigodi yomsuka.

I-Gutta-percha: incazelo

Iyini le mqondo? Ngakho-ke, ngomqondo wangempela, i-gutta-percha yenziwe nge-gutta-percha (i-raber yemvelo). Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, leli gama liye lazuza ukubaluleka, elihlobene nokuguquguquka nokuqina. Ngokuqondene nabantu, le ncazelo yaqala ukusetshenziswa futhi yaba igama elivamile ngemva kokuba uDV Grigorovich ebhala indaba yakhe edabukisayo "Umfana waseGutta-percha."

Lena indaba edabukisayo mayelana nomfana wekhampasi, owatshelwa ukuthi akanamathambo, ngakho-ke wayeguquguquka futhi esebenzayo. Kusukela manje, abantu ababizwa ngokuthi i-gutta-percha, bangabantu abagijimi abahle kakhulu. Kufezwa ngokuqeqeshwa isikhathi eside. Owesifazane waseGutta-percha ungumqeqeshi wokuzivocavoca, okwazi ukwenza izinto ezimangalisayo ngomzimba wakhe.

Gutta percha gait

Usho ukuthini i-gutta-percha? Leli gama manje liyashintsha futhi intsha ye-slang isho ukuthi iguquguqukayo, inhle, inomusa. Uma ukhumbuza amazwi avela engoma yomculi uBianchi - "Imali kaGugaperchev siya" ku-Iarfor "(iklabhu yobusuku) ....

Lapha sisho ukuthi akunakulinganiswa kakhulu futhi okuguquguqukayo, njengothambile, ehamba futhi enomusa. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe ngomuntu ukuthi u-gutta-percha kangaka. Kungasho ukuthi iguquguquke futhi i-sexy. Naphezu kokuthi esikhathini esidlule leli gama lalihlotshaniswa ne-raber kanye nama-gymnasts, manje futhi liyisigamazwi sobulili.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo

I-Gutta-percha - lokhu kuyamangalisa ukuguquguquka, iplastiki, ukukwazi ukugoba ngezindlela ezahlukene, futhi ngaphandle kokubandlulula impilo yakho siqu. Lokhu kungabonakala ku-escus. Njengoba izinombolo ezinjalo zenza abantu base-gutta-percha, ama-gymnast kanye nama-scrobats anezimo eziguquguqukayo zomzimba, ababukeli abakhazimulayo abane-plasticity yabo engavamile.