I-Constellation Andromeda: inganekwane, indawo, izinto ezithakazelisayo

Ngokusho kwezinganekwane zasendulo, iningi lama-constellations aziwayo limelela izenzakalo ezingenakufa zesikhathi esidlule. Onkulunkulu abanamandla babeka amaqhawe nezidalwa ezihlukahlukene esibhakabhakeni ekukhunjweni kokufezekisa kwabo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ekujezisweni kwezimo ezimbi. Ngokuvamile ngale ndlela, ukuphila okuphakade kwanikezwa. I-constellation ye-Andromeda ihlanganisiwe nenombolo yemidwebo efanayo yasezulwini. Kuyadumeka, kodwa, hhayi nje ngomlando wayo: ensimini yayo ngumakhelwane odumile we-Milky Way nezinye izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo.

Isakhiwo sezinganekwane

I-Andromeda emlandweni wasendulo wesiGreki yayiyindodakazi yenkosi yaseTopiya uKefei (Cepheus) nomkakhe uCasopeopeia. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana zegeyimu ezihlotshaniswa ne-constellation. Ngokusho komunye wabo, i-Andromeda enhle yayinhle kakhulu kangangokuba amantombazane aseNereid amhawukela. Bahlupheka futhi bomela phambi kwamehlo abo. UPoseidon wanquma ukulungisa lesi simo ngokuthumela i-monster esabekayo eya eTopiya. Ngosuku lonke lwahamba olwandle lwabhubhisa imizi, labulala izakhamuzi. UCafey waphenduka e-Oracle iseluleko futhi wafunda ukuthi ukumisa le nhlekelele, udinga ukunikeza i-monster Andromeda. Abazali abadabukisayo basebebopha indodakazi yakhe edwaleni futhi bayishiya kuze kube yilapho kufika isilo. Kodwa-ke, le nhlekelele ayizange kwenzeke: U-Perseus wafika ekusizeni ubuhle, wahamba wangena othandweni no-Andromeda ekuqaleni kokubona. Wabulala lesi silo ngosizo lwekhanda likaMedusa Gorgon futhi washada nendodakazi enhle. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kukhona le nkinga. I-Perseus no-Andromeda manje sebekhanya ezulwini. Onkulunkulu bangena emanzini angenakubalwa e-cosmos futhi eCassiopeia, Cefei ngisho nasolwandle olwandle.

Indawo

I-constellation ye-Andromeda inefomu elibonakalayo elibonakalayo: izintambo ezintathu zezinkanyiso ezivela endaweni eyodwa. Lesi sibalo sasezulwini sithatha indawo enkulu futhi sinye enkulu kunabo bonke emasimini amabili. Inkanyezi eqhakazile ku-Andromeda ye-constellation, leyo okuvela kuwo amaketanga, itholakala emngceleni ngesithombe se-Pegasus. Kuze kube yikhulu leshumi le-17, inkanyezi ibhekwa njengabokubili imidwebo yasezulwini. Le nkanyezi yikona elisenyakatho yePegasus Big Square.

I-Andromeda ingase ihlonishwe kuyo yonke insimu enkulu yaseRussia. Ehlobo nangoSepthemba itholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga yesibhakabhaka, futhi ekwindla ngasekupheleni kwebusika - engxenyeni eseningizimu.

I-Alpha

Iphuzu eliqhakazile lalo nani lasezulwini li-Alferac (i-alpha Andromeda). Okokugcina, yayilungisiwe ku-constellation echazwe ngo-1928. E-Ptolemy, i-Alferac kwakunguPegasus. Igama ngokwalo lifakazela emlandweni wesibani: kusho ukuhumusha kusuka e-Arabhu "ihhashi lezintambo".

I-Alferac i-sub-gigant emhlophe neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iveza izikhathi ezingu-200 ukukhanya kuneLanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yiyona ingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu kanambambili. Umngani wakhe ukhanya kancane izikhathi ezingu-10.

I-Alfarats A ingomunye wabameleli abaqhakazile beklasi elingajwayelekile lezinkanyezi ze-mercury-manganese. Ukugxila okuphezulu emkhathini wezinsimbi egameni lohlobo kuchazwa umehluko emthethweni wokuvuthwa kokukhanya nokucindezela kwangaphakathi kwizinto ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali.

I-Alferac iphinde ibhekisele ezinkanyezini eziguquguqukayo. Ububanzi be-gloss buvela ku- +2,02 m kuya ku-+2.06 m. Izinguquko zenzeka ngesikhathi samahora angu-23.19.

I-Nebula

I-Andromeda ye-constellation iyaziwa abaningi hhayi ngenxa yobukhulu obuhle noma ubuhle bezinkanyiso, kodwa ngenxa ye-M31 galaxy esendaweni yayo. Umakhelwane odumile waseMilky Way - enye yezinto ezimbalwa ezinjalo ezingabonakala ngamehlo. I-nebula ye-Andromeda itholakala kancane kakhulu kunenkanyezi ye-Mirah (i-Beta Andromeda). Ukuze ucabangele isakhiwo se-galaxy, okungenani izibinoysi zizodingeka.

I-neromeda nebula ingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngobukhulu be- Milky Way futhi inezinkanyezi ezingaba ngu-1 trillion. Eceleni kwayo kuneziphuphutheki ezimbili: izinkanyezi M32 kanye ne-NGC 205. Ibanga ukusuka e-Sun kuya ezintweni ezintathu lineminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili ezikhanyayo.

I-Supernova

I-Andromeda yezinkanyezi yaba yinto yokubheka izinkanyezi eziningi ngo-1885. Bese kukhanya nge- supernova flash . Kwakuyizinto zokuqala ezinjalo ezitholakala ngaphandle kwe-Milky Way. I-Supernova S Andromeda itholakala ku-galaxy eponymous futhi isengumzimba wesikhala kuphela kulo. Ukukhanya okuphezulu kukhanye kufinyelela ku-21-22 ku-Agasti 1885 (kwakuyi-5.85 m). Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kwehla kufika ku-14 m.

Namuhla, i-Andromeda ihlukaniswa njengohlobo I-supernova, nakuba umbala wayo we-orange kanye nejika elikhanyayo alihambisani nencazelo eyamukelekile yalezo zinto.

I-Andromeda yama-constellation, izithombe zezinto, izingxenye zayo, isithombe se-galaxy eseduze esivame ukukhanya emaphephandabeni. Futhi akumangalisi: isikhala esikhulu esithathwe isibalo sasezulwini singatshela okuningi mayelana nemithetho yendawo yonke kanye nokuhlangana kwamalungu awo ahlukene. Ama-telescopes amaningi ahloswe lapha ethembeni lokuthola ulwazi olusha mayelana nezinto ezikude.