Hematuria - kuyini? Izimbangela hematuria

Uhlelo excretory lomuntu iphendula isifo ngasinye emzimbeni, njengoba ubuthi bayo begazi futhi amakhemikhali kuvame excreted ngu nezinso. Inqubo sokugembula itholakala ngqo izinso, kungase kwandise permeability we ulwelwesi glomerulus ngenxa yalokhu ukuvuza egazi. Isimo kubonakale khona ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi umchamo libizwa hematuria. Kuyini lokhu? Yini ebangela lesi simo? Yini ukwelashwa iyadingeka? Le mibuzo kanye neminye kuxoxwa ngazo esihlokweni.

Izindlela haematuria

Ngokusekelwe izimbangela, haematuria (izimpawu isifo kuchazwe lapha ngezansi) ihlukaniswe yaba:

• extrarenal abuhlotshaniswa ukulimala noma isifo sezinso;
• kwezinso, ivela ngenxa zokugula kwezinso;
• postrenal ukuthi kwenzeka uma ehlaselwa ngomgudu womchamo abese esinyeni.

Uma kutholakala umchamo isamba ngokwanele enkulu egazi noma omchamo iba bomvu kakhulu ke kukhona makrgematuriya.

Ukube amangqamuzana egazi abomvu bukhona umchamo e esincane umchamo kanye umbala uhlala okufanayo, ukhuluma ngani hematuria encanyana.

Ngokusekelwe yokuthi lapho ka samanje izingxenye umchamo igazi kungase ihlonzwe hematuria kokuqala (batch 1st), inani (zonke izingxenye ezintathu), ukuphela (engxenyeni yokugcina). Lokhu ngokwahlukana kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunquma nakwiliphi izinga uhlelo urinary ithuthukisa inqubo sokugembula: ukunqotshwa okungenhla, kamuva umchamo avele amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.

Lapho isehlane urinary syndrome ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe proteinuria futhi hematuria. Proteinuria - yisimo esibonakala by amaprotheni ku umchamo. Inani anda amaprotheni ku umchamo iyona oluvamile kakhulu iziyaluyalu urological.

haematuria syndrome

Lokhu zokugula kungenziwa ephelezelwa ubuhlungu urethra futhi isinye ngesikhathi ukuchama, noma sibandulele ke. Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu kungokwaphakade uhlamvu obungapheli.

Ubuhlungu esifundeni lumbar, ohlangothini, ngaphansi isiphanga zingase zibe uphawu izinso ukuvuvukala, ukuhlukumezeka, Nephroptosis (izinso ptosis).

izimpawu ezivamile ukopha Imininingwane izimpawu hematuria kuleli cala - paleness, ubuthakathaka, ukoma, isiyezi.

Ongema esihlabathini, concretions, urolithiasis ekhombisa. Uma kwenzeka yokwaba amasilinda (amahlule side) umbala ophuzi noma brown angakhuluma lesion (ukuvuvukala noma kuhlasimulise) parenchyma kwezinso.

Skin ophuzi, shades ogqamile kubonisa ukuntula umsebenzi we gallbladder, isibindi, hemolysis, ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu.

Acute noma ezingamahlalakhona ukopha okungapheli ohlelweni urinary, lapho ngesikhathi esifushane igazi ihlule enkulu kwakhiwa overlying emnyango urethra, okuholela nakwenzeka bethulula esinyeni. Futhi, umchamo okukhipha ingavinjwa itshe elikhulu.

Yini ebangela lesi simo?

Uma kutholakala hematuria, ingase ibe khona ehlukile izizathu lesi simanga. Ngokuvamile eba zokugula izimila, Izifo ukuvuvukala, ukulimala of ngomgudu womchamo ezinso, glomerulonephritis, isifo sofuba, isifo sezinso, ukopha iziyaluyalu.

Ngokuvamile, hematuria ivelakancane. abamile ingozi lapho hematuria ezincane kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini - isifo nomzimba omncane glomerular engaphansi ulwelwesi. Ngokuvamile, izihlobo salezi ziguli nazo Kutholwe izimo ezikhungathekisayo zalesi sifo. Microhematuria ine uhlamvu angawodwa nokuthuthukiswa yokwehluleka kwezinso ingekho.

Microhematuria kungenzeka emva ukugijima isikhathi eside noma ukuhamba. Ngemva ukumisa ngokomzimba erythrocyte umsebenzi zinyamalale. Yini exhumene ukuthuthukiswa mkhuba namuhla akunqunywa ngokunembile.

hematuria Gross akakaze ezitholakala kubantu enempilo. Lesi simo ngokuvamile ibonisa izilonda okunzima ngomgudu womchamo noma izicubu izinso.

Kungani kwenzeka hematuria nonrenal? Izizathu zalokhu mkhuba zihlobene yokwephulwa ubuqotho pheshana urinary mucosa. Langaphambilini kuya ukulimala isimila, izilonda ukuvuvukala noma ukulimala, ngokuvamile obuhambisana nokuthanda ulceration. Hematuria esinyeni kumiswa itshe, noma ngenxa ukudlula itshe ureters, urethra, esinyeni. ukweqisa izidakamizwa anticoagulant ingadala ukopha we mucosa we ngomgudu womchamo.

hematuria kwezinso eba ngenxa izinqubo elibhubhisayo izinso kwezicubu, iziyaluyalu outflow pooling eyeqile necrotizing vasculitis. Glomerular hematuria immunoinflammatory elihlobene ne glomerular umonakalo engaphansi ulwelwesi noma kwezinso azalwa nako. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hematuria kwezinso kwenzeka e izilonda ukuvuvukala futhi ezinobuthi of tubules. Pathology zingase futhi zibe ngenxa sithuthukiswe kwezinso coagulation intravascular.

Ngakho, hematuria - ukuthi iyini futhi ngenxa yalokho okhula ngayo? isimo esinjalo kungase kuphakame ngenxa zokugula izingxenye ezihlukahlukene uhlelo urinary.

Zendlala Yesinye:

• umdlavuza wendlala.
• ukuvuvukala wendlala (prostatitis).
• Benign Hyperplasia Prostatic.

Urethra:

• umzimba Foreign ku urethra.
• Trauma urethra.
• Isimila urethra. Umdlavuza urethra akuvamile futhi uvame ukuhambisana urethrorrhagia - ukubukeka igazi kusukela urethra phakathi ukuchama.
• Ukuvuvukala urethra (urethritis).

Upper ngomgudu womchamo:

• izilonda kaPawulu angena ajule, ukuhlukumezeka blunt.
• amatshe sezinso. Ngokuvamile imbangela hematuria izenzo urolithiasis. Ngo kwezinso papilla kwakhiwa usawoti imali, okuholela isimiso sokukhuculula kwakhiwa ezinso. Ezinso ungakwazi akusho ukuzibonakalisa, kodwa ukucasuka noma ukuvuvukala ulwelwesi lwamafinyila we ngomgudu womchamo kukhona igazi umchamo.
• Sezinso lwesimila. Isibonakaliso ezethusayo umdlavuza izinso kukhona isihlava-like amahlule umchamo. Igazi zingavela ngenxa izimila ingozi.
• Ukutheleleka.
• kwezinso azalwa naso (izinhlumba e izinso).
• iziyaluyalu Ukopha (hemophilia, isikela cell anemia wegazi).
• Kwezinso vein thrombosis, embolism kwezinso.
• isifo sezinso: glomerulonephritis (kuleli cala, igazi umchamo kungatholakala kuphela ngesibonakhulu), pyelonephritis (nale igazi ukugula umchamo angeke ephelezelwa ukuhlaselwa ubuhlungu, kodwa kaningi lesi sifo libhekene imfiva, iqolo, mhlawumbe yegazi elinobuthi).

ureter:

• Ukulimala.
• Rising ukutheleleka.
• rock kumiswa ku ureter.
• Ureteral isifo lwesimila.

Lower ngomgudu womchamo:

• Ukutheleleka: cystitis oluhambisana (ukugula okungathi sína, okuyinto libhekene opha esinyeni), schistosomiasis (esinyeni kuthintwa izibungu yisinanakazana), isinye sofuba.
• Ukulimala lwesinye.
• Urolithiasis.
• Isinye isimila (kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonza ukubukeka hematuria kobuhlungu, kuyokunikeza ithuba ukuxilonga ekuseni isifo esiteji futhi iphathwa ngempumelelo).
• Ngemisebe lwesinye.
• a nomuthi okunjalo, njengoba "Cyclophosphamide", asetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza, kungase kubangele ukubukeka igazi umchamo.

ukuhlola

Ngenhla sasixoxa izimpawu izimbangela ezinjengokungcoliswa hematuria, ke yaziwa kithi. Manje ake nokuxoxa ngezindlela ukuxilongwa lokhu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ukuze embule hematuria, umchamo liyadingeka azokuqhubela isifundo egunjini lokucwaninga esibhedlela. Qaphela ukuthi umbala umchamo akubalwa ibonisa ukuthi igazi. Umchamo ingavuthi pink angcolile noma luhlaza elibomvu ngenxa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ezithile.

Isifundo ku Nechiporenko indlela

Okokuqala ekuseni umchamo kwaba eqoqwe (mayelana 150 ml). Ngaphambi kokuqoqa inqubo compulsorily ukuchitha ekuseni yangasese ka izitho zangasese. Iziqukathi iqoqo kumele kube oyinyumba. Uthuthwa laboratory ucwaningo izincwadi ezidingekayo amahora ama-2.

Ukutadisha nsuku zonke ivolumu umchamo

Umchamo isampula ukuqala lokuqoqa kusukela ukuchama wasekuseni yesibili futhi aqedele ngosuku olulandelayo ekuseni ukuchama kuqala. Phakathi olulodwa umchamo kwaba eqoqwe ku esitsheni esisodwa, ngoba ivolumu zase zihleliwe, kuxutshwe kahle futhi ingxenye (150 ml) ephonswa esitsheni ehlukile. Ngo inqubo lokuqoqa umchamo kufanele nigcine inhlanzeko. Ukuze alondoloze kangcono izinto, uyakulondoloza ekhethekile esetshenziswa.

izindlela engeziwe zocwaningo

Futhi baphathe inzika microscopy ukucacisa inombolo kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu emkhakheni umbono. Batfola kutsi ngabe tubules amangala futhi glomeruli, kungenzeka esebenzisa isigaba Ngokuphambene microscopy umchamo inzika.

Imiphumela yaloku kuhlola okungenhla Ukwahlukaniswa kuhilela ultrasound okhalo, nezinso, cystoscopy biopsy ekstretornoy urography, renografii retrograde, kwezinso izifundo biopsy testes futhi wendlala yabesilisa, umchamo isiko e konemimoya izakhi (ukuzimisela kwegciwane), ikhompuyutha tomography kanye x-ray (ukuthola nomzimba angaphandle).

Hematuria: ukwelashwa isifo

Hematuria - kuwuphawu, ngakho ekwelapheni lesi simanga kufanele sigcwaliswe ngokuhlanganyela ekwelapheni lesi sifo ecashile.

Ukuze izidakamizwa impumuzo esetshenziswa ukopha "Vikasol", "Dicynonum", aminocaproic acid, isixazululo calcium chloride 10%. Uma ukopha idlula 500 ml, ubuyise umthamo wegazi ebezidinga kokuqhuba yokwelapha ukumnika.

Uma ureter noma urethra wathola calculus, linqume ukusetshenziswa antispasmodics kanye nezinqubo ezishisayo ezokwenza lula expectoration yayo. Uma ngokuzimela ukushiya itshe ayikwazi kwenziwe ngokushesha futhi cystoscopic isizinda.

Ukuze ukulimala kwezinso lacerations futhi hematomas yakha ukuhlinzwa eziphuthumayo kunesidingo.

Endabeni inhlanganisela proteinuria futhi haematuria esimisiwe corticosteroids.

Uma sisheshe hematuria okungamahlalakhona, yokwelapha ihilela ukusebenzisa yensimbi namavithamini yeqembu B.

Uma engavamile ingane

Hematuria ezinganeni uvame elihlobene ne izilonda parenchyma kwezinso. Esewusana, ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuzalwa, kwasekuzalweni azibonakali: .. Ukuba khona izinhlumba, izinso sponge, njll Ukuhlolwa zokuvimbela wengane kufanele lifake urinalysis.

Okungalapheki ukopha kwezinso e ingane kungenziwa senziwa sofuba ukutheleleka yiwo ogelezela ngobudlova ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni. Ngenxa izifo zofuzo umuntu kohlelo igazi coagulation ukopha zenzeka hematuria amaningi, kulesi simo, ahambisana telangiectasia kanye hematoma. Ingane Ungase ulimale ekwindla. Uma hematuria elikhona izihlobo igazi ngaphandle kokuzwana ngokulisa okhunye impilo umntwana is hhayi ngaphandle ingozi hematuria emkhayeni, elihlobene ne isici okufana mkhuba isakhiwo izinso.

Abazali kufanele siqaphelisise. ingane ayeyikhathalela kufanele waziswe kubo, ngakho engaveza ubuhlungu. Kufanele sinake ukushisa komzimba kanye nokugcinwa urinary.

Hematuria ezinganeni kungadalwa igciwane streptococcal, othinta parenchyma kwezinso. igciwane lohlobo elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula kuvusa Iga-nephropathy. Ngokuvamile, zokugula kuyinto kungavamile ukuba ingozi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa ezingamahlalakhona ukwehluleka kwezinso ingekho. Yiqiniso Ebulalayo lesi sifo livezwa anda blood pressure, proteinuria, hematuria okwedlulele.

Hematuria ekukhulelweni

Ngokuvamile, hematuria kwabesifazane ngesikhathi yokuzala kwenzeka ngo 2-3 senyanga. Isithelo yokukhula, ureters kuthiwa sicindezelwe kwesibeletho - lokhu kunomphumela omubi umsebenzi kwezinso. Umphumela we yokujama tsi umchamo e ukhalo kungenzeka ukwakheka yamatshe ilimaze epithelium kanye ukopha. Amathuba wokuthuthukisa hematuria inyuka kakhulu uma owesifazane okhulelwe uhlushwa ukuvuvukala izinso noma enendawo ukwehluleka ezingamahlalakhona kwezinso. Akubalulekile nje ukudida lesizalo ukopha futhi opha ngomgudu womchamo. Njengoba icala lokuqala, usengozini enkulu kumama nele-fetus. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa ingane isebenze uhlelo igazi coagulation nokulungisa yayo babelwa ukuthola amalungiselelo akhethekile. Hematuria kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungadalwa anticoagulants ukuthatha, futhi ukubopha ukopha, kwanele ukuba bawaqukule.

isiphetho

isifo Urological ngokungabi bikho ukwelashwa okufanele kungase kubangele umdlavuza, izifo ezihlukahlukene ukuvuvukala, yezinkinga eziningi. Kwezinye izimo, lo uphawu kuphela isifo kohlelo urinary kuyinto hematuria. Kuyini, ozifundile lesi sihloko. Ungashiyi ngaphandle ukunakwa lesi simanga, futhi uma kutholwa ngokushesha uxhumane udokotela. Indlela kuphela yokulondoloza impilo yakho, futhi kwezinye izimo ukuphila. Zinakekele!