Granite - izakhiwo. Izakhiwo kanye Izicelo egwadle

Phakathi lonke iqoqo rocks Emhlabeni kukhona iqembu eyinhloko magma, okuyinto akhiwa phezu izigidi zeminyaka e ukushuba we uqweqwe udaka. Lezi amadwala eyakhe futhi omunye enkulu zokwakha - egwadle. I izakhiwo zamatshe Sekuyisikhathi eside wafunda e abantu. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni neqiniso lokuthi kabanzi ukwakhiwa esikhathini esidlule, isicelo manje. Inani elikhulu of ezikhumbuzo lasendulo kanye nezakhiwo walondoloza izikhathi zethu ngoba benziwa egwadle. Ukwakheka kwalo esiyingqayizivele, enhle isakhiwo wokusanhlamvu izakhiwo ewusizo yenza leli tshe kuthandwa kakhulu yokwakha.

egwadle ezifakwa

Kwakheka kwalelidwala ngenxa solidification of magma ekujuleni ezinkulu. Ukuchayeka it has izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ingcindezi ekuphumeni ukushuba uqweqwe yamagesi futhi evala. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezi zici bese lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele, play of ukukhanya nasethunzini ukuthi sibona leli tshe. Ngokuvamile kuba grey ngombala, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhishwe egwadle obomvu noma oluhlaza. Amandla ayo incike ubukhulu okusanhlamvu ephambili. He is indawo , Okulingene-grained futhi okuncane (iningi okuhlala isikhathi eside).

Lies kwalelidwala ngokuvamile emanzini ajulile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuziwa kwamanzi. ezifakwa Granite atholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi futhi cishe kuwo wonke amazwe, kodwa iningi labo eSiberia, Karelia, Finland, India, Brazil. Isizinda of kunalokho yakhe eqolo, njengoba kwenzeka ngesimo amadamu omkhulu, ngokuvamile lithatha amakhilomitha ambalwa.

Ukwakheka itshe

Libhekisela polymineral egwadle namadwala, ezakhiwe izinto eziningana. Ngaphezu kwakho konke-ke kuhlanganisa feldspar, ebheka umbala waso. Cishe ingxenye yesine kuthatha asebenza ngebhethri, okuyinto ukufakwa hlamvu ayevumela bluish. Granite iqukethe namanye amaminerali (isib kuya ku-10%, kungase kube tourmaline, 20% mica), kanye inclusions yensimbi, manganese, monazite noma ilmenite.

I izakhiwo eziyisisekelo egwadle

Izinzuzo lokhu itshe futhi manje asivumela ubunyoninco izakhiwo yezakhiwo wenza-ke eminyakeni eminingi edlule. Ayini izakhiwo egwadle kubangele yokusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi?

1. Ukuvikeleka. Okuncane egwadle izinhlobo asebonisa izimpawu zokuqala zokukhandleka kuphela emva kweminyaka 500. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi itshe okuphakade.

2. Ukuvikeleka. Granite indaba isikhathi eside kakhulu ngemva idayimane. Kuyinto ukumelana kokucindezelwa nokungqubuzana. Lokhu kungenxa asebenza ngebhethri izakhiwo kufakwe ngezithako zawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyacaca ukuthi kungani lokhu zohlobo yakhe sinamandla kakhulu kangangokuba, uma uthola impendulo yombuzo uyini ukuminyana egwadle. Kuyinto engenzeka ngempela eliphezulu kakhulu - cishe ezintathu amathani ngalinye imitha cubic.

3. Isimo Sezulu ukumelana. Granite ongakwazi ukumelana namazinga okubanda kusukela lokususa 60 plus 50 degrees Celsius. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezibandayo e. Ucwaningo baye bafakazela ukuthi imikhiqizo egwadle qinani izakhiwo zabo emva olulodwa 300-ukuqanda incibilikiswa.

4. Manzi. Kuyinto ngenxa yalesi impahla, le egwadle frost. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto ekahle ezazigudla embankments.

5. ubumsulwa Environmental. Granite akuyona enemisebe ngakhoke ephephile noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokwakha.

6. Fire. Lokhu kwaziswa iqala igcwale amanzi kuphela 700-800 degrees Centigrade. Ngakho-ke oblitsevat kubo endlini - akuyona nje enhle, kodwa futhi iphephile.

7. Kalula handling, ukuhambisana nanoma yimuphi izinto zokwakha, kanye ukujula ukwakheka kanye nemibala ukwenza kube ekahle design ingaphakathi.

8. Ukumelana acid kanye nesikhunta.

egwadle ukucutshungulwa

Naphezu amandla futhi high density idwala, leli tshe icutshungulwe kalula. Imila kalula pretty usike nepholishi. Ngokuvamile ayatholakala emakhemisi egwadle amabhlogo ezinkulu, slabs noma egwadle chippings futhi imfucumfucu. Ngoba kwenza tile, countertops nemabhuloki itshe. Ukujula ukwakheka ukuthi ukusebenzisa zamatshe wemvelo egwadle kufanelekile yimuphi umhlobiso ingaphakathi. Kubukeka itshe emangalisayo eluhlaza, kahle ubamba ukukhanya. Iphucuziwe ekupheleleni, ekubonisa nesithunzi saso futhi ubuhle mica inclusions. Lapho ekucubunguleni indlela idwala spalling etholwe isakhiwo zosizo umphumela zokuhlobisa obangelwa ukukhanya nethunzi yomdlalo. Futhi ezinye izinhlobo grey egwadle emva kokwelashwa ukushisa iba Milky emhlophe.

izinhlobo granites

Ngokusekelwe kulokho namaminerali zifakwe Ukwakheka egwadle, ikakhulukazi kufanele sinake izingxenye emnyama-ezinemibala. Lezi amadwala zihlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana: Alaska leykogranit, biotite, pyroxene, nezinye ane-alikhali. idatha ezingefani yamadwala nasemigodini isakhiwo:

- egwadle porphyry, okuyindawo ehlanganisa side inclusions namaminerali;

- pegmatoid - ezahlukene iyunifomu usayizi okusanhlamvu asebenza ngebhethri futhi feldspar ;

- gneiss - itshe okuncane iyunifomu;

- egwadle Finnish, okuyinto ngenye ngokuthi rapakivi has a amabala round obomvu;

- kubhalwe - ezihlukahlukene ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, izinhlayiya feldspar ahlelwe emapheshana nhlonhlo emise, afana nemibhalo yasendulo.

Muva-ke baqala ukusebenzisa egwadle yokufakelwa, adalwe kokudubula namaminerali nobumba. It ngokuthi itshe egwadle futhi isicishe ilingane izakhiwo zemvelo.

Amafomu umbala rocks

Izakhiwo kanye Izicelo egwadle futhi ancike umbala waso. Kulesi sisekelo ukuhlukanisa amaqembu amaningana idwala:

- amazonite egwadle ngenxa kokuba ingxenye feldspar oluhlaza has a emnandi Umbala oluhlaza;

- pink leznikovsky obomvu kanye abomvu - le isikhathi eside kunazo zonke;

- evame kakhulu grey idwala, futhi amagama bona yabo etholakele ezindaweni ukukhiqizwa: korninsky, uSophia, walandela zhezhelevsky;

- ezingavamile iyona egwadle emhlophe. Lolu hlobo zihlanganisa umbala kusuka oluhlaza okhanyayo a grey esibenyezelayo.

Ukusetshenziswa egwadle

Leli tshe yilo amakhulu amaningi eminyaka esetshenziswa ukwakhiwa nemisebenzi nazo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlobo wawo ocolekileyo uqale ukugoqwa iminyaka kuphela ngemva 500. Kuyinto ukumelana amathonya ahlukahlukene, futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lezi izindawo eziyisisekelo egwadle enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba uyisebenzise kabanzi ekwakheni. Lapho amaminerali isetshenziswa:

1. Iningi izikhumbuzo ukwenza kube kuye.

2. amandla wayo nemihuzuko ukumelana avumele ukusetshenziswa itshe yokukhiqiza izinyathelo, ambozwe phansi, kovulandi ngisho kwebhuloho.

3. Ngo-sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezibandayo, lesi sakhiwo impahla yafuna kakhulu - lena egwadle. Amandla ayo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba abagqoke isakhiwo ngisho kule ndawo yokugibela imikhumbi lapho kukhona nobusika obubanda kakhulu.

4. Leli tshe ungaguqula ekhaya lakho, kokubili endlini nangaphandle. Abaklami baye basebenzisa ngempumelelo ke okwenza amakholomu, izitebhisi, baseboards, countertops futhi isimo ezisebenza. Futhi yokwakha yaseGrisi izindonga zezindlu.

5. Ukusetshenziswa egwadle ezizibeni, nemithombo zangasese futhi ngenxa yokuthi lokho akusiyo amanzi ezihambisanayo. Futhi asisho collapse ushukunyiswa yiwo.

Granite emaqaqasini

Eminyakeni yamuva aba kabanzi kakhulu esetshenziswa leli tshe ngokokuhlobisa ingaphakathi. Kuyinto iyahambisana kahle zonke izinto: izinkuni, metal kanye zobumba - futhi kufanelekile yimuphi umklamo ekhaya. Ngaphezu odongeni namathayili phansi, kodwa ezindaweni eziningi zokuhlala angasebenzisa egwadle. Amandla ayo enza kube esisemqoka ekwakhekeni zamatshe ifasitela Sills futhi countertops ekhishini. Bona zazaziwa kalula, zingabantu okuhlala kanye musa ukuwohloka nokusondelana umswakama nokufudumala.

Granite kabanzi futhi ekuklanyweni landscape. Indlela noma Gazebo, ujenga kwalelo tshe uyakuphohlozwa, ungesabi weathering futhi ngeke inqamuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Bheka zezimbali enhle, elalihlotshiswe kubo, isibonelo, isitayela ingadi Japanese zamatshe noma ngesimo masimu. elula kakhulu ukwenziwa curbs kanye izitebhisi futhi usebenzise egwadle.

Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo itshe Sekuyisikhathi eside wafunda. Wayevame umuntu lasendulo. Njengoba sekunama-ubuchwepheshe obusha lokucubungula egwadle zaqala ukusetshenziswa kaningi, njengoba sebekwazi ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zokuhlobisa.