Goba meteorite (Hoba) - Kunawo Wonke Emhlabeni

"Isikhala ibonisa 'uwele phansi kaningi. Iza phambi lobehlukene, kodwa iningi izicucu, okuyinto baqaphele imisuka ekuseni akulula. Izazi zezinkanyezi ziye ngisho wakwazi ukubala ukuthi cishe izinkulungwane 100 amathani impahla meteoritic uwela ungakapheli nonyaka Emhlabeni. Nokho, phakathi nabo, ngezikhathi ezithile ezitholakala kanye nezindiza mkhathi giant. Enye yalezi emizimbeni cosmic kuyinto Goba - esikhulu kunazo zonke emkhathini ezitholakele.

Kungani emkhathini ezingajwayelekile

Abantu abaningi unombuzo: "Kungani emkhathini uhlangabezana ngakho akuvamile?" Yebo, amathani ayinkulungwane 100 unyaka ngamunye - sibalo kunalokho enkulu, kodwa izingcezwana ngokuvamile meteorite enesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ambalwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho igremu. Akuyena wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi kwezinyawo zakhe akuyona nje itshana, a space alien. Ubuncane balesi siqiwu wazo ngenxa yokuthi umzimba yangaphandle uyabaselwa bese izibani lapho efika emkhathini sika. Inqubo ablation, okuholela mass ziyancipha kakhulu into. Iningi amagobolondo ukuze komhlaba yasezulwini sika awufiki nhlobo. By the way, ablation - ke kulapho ebusweni okuqinile izidakamizwa izinhlayiya entrained umfudlana gas ashisayo noma esebenzisa ngemisebe.

Njengoba kwatholakala meteorite ngobukhulu emhlabeni?

Ubufakazi njengoba meteorite ngobukhulu Goba wawela umhlaba, ayisekho thola. Iqiniso lokuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngo ezikhathini komlando, lapho indoda bakudala wayengayazi lokubhala. Kodwa eyatholakala lapho kwakunencwadi "itshe wezulu" omkhulu endleleni banal kakhulu. Phakathi lapho okungakaze kulinywe khona kwakhe eyihlanze umlimi Afrika kusukela Namibia exhunyiwe into enkulu kakhulu igeja. Isula ezweni, umlimi aqaphela ukuthi ushintsho kusukela indawo lesi silo akunakwenzeka. umzimba Strange yabakhanga ososayensi abaye baqinisekisa ukuthi ivelaphi ezisemkhathini. Baye eyabiwe kokutholakala igama efanayo ukuthi yepulazi lapho itholakele - Hoba West Ipulazi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1920.

Umlimi owenze isono esikhulu ukutholakala esiyingqayizivele, ngokuthi Jacobs ngaseBrits. Weza Namibia kusukela UK. A yokuthola esiyingqayizivele zamnika ithuba ukuba ahlanganiswe ngokuthengisa meteorite ezingxenyeni njengezinto eziyisikhumbuzo noma nezinye izinjongo. Kepha ayebheka isenzo esinjalo akulungile futhi benqaba sokuceba. Umlimi wanika akutholile Government of Namibia, hhayi ngokushesha, yebo, kodwa ethulwa.

Isisindo nobukhulu balezi meteorite ngobukhulu

Cabanga meteorite ososayensi abazange baphumelele. Senzé izibalo futhi wathola ukuthi uma kutholakala meteorite esingamathani angaba mayelana 66. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundiso yokuziphendukela isifakwe phambili ukuthi ngesikhathi kuwa Earth, umumo wawo kungathi izinkulungwame 80. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, lokhu kwaba esisindo ngaphakathi amathani 90. Kodwa namuhla singabona 60 ton meteorite Goba njengoba ukuguguleka komhlabathi, wabona off izingcezu ucwaningo futhi phansi zezivakashi kakhulu ziyancipha isisindo sayo.

Ubukhulu meteorite Goba namuhla bakha 2,7h2,7h0,9 m ivolumu Ezazimzungezile -. 9 m³.

Ukwakheka meteorite

Kusukela ucwaningo oluningana, ososayensi bakwazi uyowuthola umqondo wokuthi ukwakheka "isihambi." Ngokusemthethweni wamemezela ukuthi meteorite Goba (Namibia, 1920 YG) siqukethe 84% yensimbi, 15% nickel nge ayibe amanyela. Cishe 1% are ukungcola nezinye izakhi. Isendlalelo engenhla siqukethe yensimbi hydroxide. isakhiwo Crystalline kuchazwa njenganoma nickel ataxia.

Ngakho, Meteor Goba isibaluli yensimbi. Ukusiza ukungeza lokho ngezigaba emkhathini zihlukaniswe 3 izinhlobo, esekelwe Ukwakheka kwabo:

1. Emkhathini ngezinto amaminerali okuthiwa itshe.
2. metal emkhathini okuthiwa siderites noma yensimbi.
3. "Njengabafokazi Nezakhamuzi" materials okuxubile ibizwa ngokuthi i-iron-itshe.

Ukwahlukanisa isiza eqenjini amasampula Lokudabuka ezivamile. impahla Meteoritic kungenzeka ingxenye iplanethi, netshe elisemkhathini noma satellite, iyiphi into sonozungezilanga ukuthi njengamanje ukhona noma owawukhona esikhathini esidlule. Kodwa lokhu ngezigaba akakabi sokugcina, kungaba futhi sizonwetshelwa.

Goba udida lapho wentaba?

A elikhulu usosayensi meteorite waphonsa uchungechunge puzzle. Omunye wabo - ukuntuleka emgodini. Ngesizathu esithile, isivakashi isikhala lawela kancane ngakho achubeke yobujamo musa ahlakaze inqwaba doti. inhlekelele Falling lwenzeke, futhi wentaba kwesokunxele. Nakuba emgodini omncane ayengase avele bese igoqe nge kwesikhathi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuwa iphutha nge-engela encane kakhulu.

Enye imfihlakalo - ifomu eyingqayizivele

Meteorite Goba has simise engavamile kakhulu. ezinkulu Huge libukeka parallelepiped cishe ephelele. Shards solar system izinto ifomu ezinjalo, yawa phansi emhlabathini kukalutshwana kakhulu, futhi zazincane kakhulu Goba giant.

Ososayensi is ukujabulisa hhayi kuphela ukuma kodwa futhi ukuthungwa ebusweni elingaphandle meteorite. I elisha abushelelezi, futhi ubuso bawo cishe flat. Ekuqaleni, cosmic umbala umzimba kwaba blue-black, kodwa emkhathini woMhlaba iqukethe carbon dioxide, nensimbi bomdabu, zazo meteorite ngibomvu.

Invasion zezivakashi

Ngokushesha uma kwaziwa lapho meteorite Goba at Jacobs Field Brits waqala olungcwele oluya zezivakashi. Bona wanyathelwa izitshalo aqhephukile izingcezu inkumbulo. Ukuze ziphile futhi zisebenze epulazini Sekunzima nabalimi saqala ukucela uhulumeni ukubeka ukuvikeleka. Kwaba emashumini eminyaka ngaphambi uhulumeni Namibian wanquma silalele isicelo umlimi. Meteorite Goba ezamenyezelwa isikhumbuzo kazwelonke ngo-1955 kuphela. Nokho, izivakashi bayinake ukuvinjelwa ohulumeni futhi baqhubeka igawula eziyisikhumbuzo.

Ukufika kombuso isikhungo izivakashi

ukudluliselwa Yokugcina Umhlaba "Goba-West" futhi meteorite ngokwayo senzeka ngo-1988. eminyakeni emi-3 ngaphambi kwalesi senzakalo, inkampani Rossing Uranium Ltd. Ngafaka unogada emhlabeni meteorite esikhwameni salo. Futhi lapho kubhujiswa lesi alien akazange ame. isikhungo izivakashi yasungulwa emva kokudluliselwa komhlaba emhlabeni. indawo yaso ebiyelwe, kanye nemali yokungena esithathwayo. Imali eya muhle isikhungo. Ngakho hamba meteorite ne izithombe kungemuva yakhe manje kuwufanele imali.

Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo ngokwayo kufana ingadi Botanical. Kukhona batshala izihlahla ahlukahlukene, ibekwe Imininingwane amabhodi. Nhlangothi zonke izingxenye maphakathi nendawo ne ithrekhi wekugcina, etholakala maphakathi inkundla yemidlalo emithathu tiered ongaphandle kanye izinyathelo okuholela "iqhawe lesi senzakalo." Kuhlomisa isikhungo izivakashi, iziphathimandla ukuqonda ukuthi abantu baya khona nje ngenxa a meteorite Goba, ngakho they cha are kakhulu abashisekayo, ennobling panorama ezizungezile. Ezinye amabhodi Imininingwane zingenalo ulwazi oluningi ezibalulekile njengoba amahlaya. Omunye wabo abhalwe ngezilimi eziningana: "Qaphela emkhathini falling."

Empeleni, isikhungo izivakashi emhlabeni meteorite besingagwemeka. Iqiniso lokuthi ngo-1954 leli tshe umsuka cosmic wayefuna ukuthenga Natural History Museum e-New York. It kwabelwe isamba zemali, kodwa kwadingeka enze umsebenzi engenakwenzeka phambi kwabasebenzi Museum: ukuthi siphakamise bese ukuhambisa ibanga elide into eyingqayizivele. Thola ikhambi lale nkinga futhi ayikwazanga, Ngakho-ke, umqondo ukuthenga Museum wenqaba.

iqhawe double

Meteorite Goba kubhekwe njengento iqhawe double. Okokuqala, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kuba into yasezulwini ngobukhulu atholakala Emhlabeni. Eqinisweni, le into cosmic - ucezu ngobukhulu bomdabu yensimbi emhlabeni. Okwesibili - alilokothi ukuwushintsha. Mayelana 80 eziyinkulungwane. Iminyaka uyisithunywa amazulu kahle lapho manjalo wawa.