I. S. Turgenev "Obaba and Sons": indima landscape enovelini

The main theme imisebenzi ebhaliwe ka "Obaba and Sons" - umzabalazo amakilasi ezingahlangani: yezikhulu futhi ovulekile yeningi intsha wamavukelambuso ngokomqondo. Lokhu kulwa kubonakala e kakhulu isihloko kule noveli. Kanjalo-ke, ukuze okukhanya ngokucace kakhudlwana ukudalula zonke incazelo, Turgenev isebenzisa imvelo, okuyinto kuyindlela yokuphila, njengoba uma eyodwa namanje kubaluleke kakhulu futhi uhlamvu juqu umsebenzi wokuhlekwa "Obaba and Sons." Iqhaza landscape enovelini linelukuluku kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ngokuvamile, uhlobo Russian izincwadi ezase yayo eqinile. Turgenev, njengalokhu umuntu oqaphelayo futhi uyazi okuningi mayelana nalolu daba ngokuningiliziwe futhi echaza indawo kuyiqiniso, ngoba kubo edala umthwalo ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzwelo kunesidingo.

"Obaba and Sons": indima landscape enovelini

Incazelo yokuqala imvelo ngenkathi kuhanjwa balingisi labagcamile Marino. Lokhu Turgenev libonisa ukuthi kwenzekani izigodi zasebukhosini. Phela, inkinga kwakungekona nje emizaneni Kirsanovsky, kodwa kulo lonke elaseRussia. Amadoda abukeka ewuthi lokuvungula futhi eshayiwe, izinkomo - ewuthi lokuvungula, ngobugovu ziklaba. Ngo phakathi abomvu usuku rose isipoki Ubusika mhlophe futhi dreary nge blizzards neqhwa. Ukuphila ongumlimi kumbhali abampofu sihlotshaniswa engapheli futhi ungemuhle ebusika.

Uma umlobi utlole yobuciko bakhe tetemibhalo, abagxeki abaningi abaye babonakalisa ngalokho kwakubangelwa indalo yakhe. "Obaba and Sons" - ukudalwa echaza izenzakalo 1861 - ngenkathi serfdom, ngaphambi nje kokuba yokukhansela yayo.

amasu asizayo

Lonke landscape noveli akuyona kuphela nomphakathi, kodwa futhi we ngokwengqondo. Ngokusebenzisa isikhalazo ukuze imvelo ukusungulwa emhlabeni kwangaphakathi futhi ngokucacile idluliselwe imicabango nemizwa yakhe. amasu anjalo at zonke sinyathelo Turgenev isebenzisa emsebenzini wakhe, "Obaba and Sons." Incazelo bemvelo emvumela ukuba bakhiqize obucayi kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu uhlamvu izici izinhlamvu zabo. Uyabhala, isibonelo, mayelana Arcadia, ukuthi ngenkathi wayecabanga, entwasahlobo yazuza zakhe, nxazonke kwaba green, sasikhazimula kanti wayeba nexhala ngu kushelele efudumele ke wathela larks kakhulu. Kule Arkady buthaka imicabango yakhe, waphonsa ingubo yakhe, wabheka uyise kanye kanye, ukubukeka kwakhe onamileyo boyish futhi wamgona.

kokuqhathanisa Turgenev omkhulu landscape usuku Duel ( "ekuseni enhle futhi fresh"), i-mphumela odabukisayo, futhi ikhombisa unnaturalness kushona oyisiphukuphuku ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke ugcizelela ubuze abantu phambi bobukhulu ubuhle bemvelo. I landscape lapha kuba uphawu yangempela yokuphila. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emathuneni engcwabeni Bazarov.

"Obaba and Sons": protagonists

Manje, mhlawumbe, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka incazelo ngesakhiwo - ulibeke ngamagama ambalwa ukwenza kucace kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kukhona inkulumo. Encwadini yakhe ethi "Obaba and Sons," nabalingiswa abasemqoka kukhona umphakathi Russian ukuthi uqala ukwakha uhlobo olusha abantu eziphambili, abavamile Democrats abangena isifiso esinamandla ukushintsha isimiso esasikhona eRussia.

Qala "Obaba and Sons" (isifinyezo izahluko ngako) ne ukuthi Ingxenye yokuqala Kirsanov UNikolai Petrovich, ohlala impahla yakhe Marino, balindelwe ukubuya kwendodana yakhe, ohamba ikhaya awuwedwa.

Isahluko sesibili wethula Arkady nobaba womngani wakhe. Futhi Yevgeny Bazarov kufana ayengumuntu ofana nathi, okungase elashwe ngaphandle emcimbini kanye amahloni.

workshop

Yini ethakazelisayo imisebenzi "Obaba and Sons", eSahlukweni 3 landscape alikwazanga ngokunembe kakhudlwana uchaza isimo izinhlamvu. Ubaba wajabula kakhulu ukuhlangabezana indodana njalo nomuntu obuka umngane wakhe Bazarova Evgeniya Ilicha (Student-Nihilist, ofundela ngesikhathi udokotela), ngisho nokuba kuguquka ukuthi wayengafuni ukuzwa imicabango yakhe mayelana ubuhle bemvelo okungavamile. Ngemva Eugene kubhekwe uhlobo esontweni akuyona ubuhle ukuthi bahlonishwe, futhi workshop lapho abantu kufanele asebenzise for bo khe futhi kuzuze umphakathi. Bazarov ezindabeni nihilism iyona umeluleki komngane wakhe odnodumtsa ekuphikisaneni ukubukwa bendabuko olandelanayo abazali bakhe futhi liberalism abazalwane Kirsanovs - ubaba nomalume Arcadia.

UNikolai Petrovich Turgenev Wabazwela kakhulu, futhi wachaza Gazebo, "yene futhi elimnandi," esho mayelana nokuhlanzeka, umsungulo futhi romanticism ngenxa yomphefumulo wakhe.

Kodwa Odintsov ensimini ukanye imikhondo yayo iqonde, zigundiwe izihlahla fir batshala futhi abamba ukushisa kudala umbono artificiality zokuphila, ngokuba liyisihlalo okuyisidina nosayizi.

Bazarov, engxoxweni nalo uqhathanisa abantu ukuba izihlahla. Futhi ukhumbula esengumntwana nangesikhathi i-aspen onqenqemeni emgodini. Lokhu umuthi wakhe double - ukuziqhenya, nginesizungu futhi uthukuthele kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ungakwazi ngokushesha ngokubona okubonakala ngeso lenyama ukubona ukuthi wonke amaqhawe noveli bayahlolwa nobuhlobo babo nemvelo. Futhi akumangalisi ngakho badonsekela Bazarov Odintsov, kwacaca ukuthi, banayo kuningi abafana ngakho.

Isithombe komgwaqo

Encwadini yakhe ethi "Obaba and Sons," ukubekwa ngamafuphi kwesibopho izahluko kancane kancane unika isithombe esicacile sokuthi asekuqaleni entwasahlobo Awakening of uhlobo okuletha inothi ejabulayo indaba futhi bathemba ukuthi buyekeza ekuseni. Futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi landscape siyajabulisa, ukubaluleka entwasahlobo Ozayo namaqhawe nezizukulwane ezahlukene ebonakaliswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Arkady nje thokozani usuku elimangalisayo, uyise UNikolai ucaphuna izinkondlo Pushkin, zonke imicabango yakhe ne "izinkumbulo eziyigugu" yesikhathi esidlule. Lesi sithombe komgwaqo bayodlula zonke ngesakhiwo lelandzisako.

Landscape uyohlale adlulisele umuzwa isikhala, kunokuba isikhala avaliwe. Phela, wayengekho namaqhawe ize ukuhamba njalo. Uma kukhona phambi kwamehlo akhe umfanekiso eRussia kanye inkondlo olukhulu Tiutchev "Lezi emaphandleni ampofu."

uhlobo

Kepha imisebenzi "Obaba and Sons", indima landscape enovelini kubaluleke kakhulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo esebeké endaweni yokugcina engxoxweni. Ufingqa empilweni wonke amaqhawe. Ngo isiphetho sendaba uchaza landscape emathuneni ngomzana, kwaba ubufakazi wokugcina ukuthi imfundiso Bazarov kuye kwahluleka, izimiso zawo zehlulekile futhi maduze khona. Yilokho nje uhlobo kuyohlale kusikhumbuza ka 'ubuphakade, ukuthula nokubuyisana. "

ngokucacile kakhulu ke sinquma Turgenev ukusebenza "Obaba and Sons." Iqhaza landscape enovelini nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu, kamuva umlobi ngosizo amasu abawuthandayo adalule Bazarov, ngubani izovela isimo sawo sangempela. UmPhumela ukuphila Bazarov udabuka kakhulu. Yena wathandana umfelokazi, umnikazi wezwe ocebile Odintsov, bese, itheleleke nge-typhus, wafa.

Ukuthula ugqozi

Encwadini yakhe ethi "Obaba and Sons" izingcaphuno ukuthi babeshaye esikhonkosini. Bazarov, sengathi imvelo ithatha ukuziphindiselela ukungaqondi kwakhe, kodwa nalapho umdlali oyiqhawe awuzange uzizwa, "wangena ehlathini futhi uhambe ngalo nge yathuthuka eside, breaking amagatsha nokungena ngaphesheya kancane abathethise wakhe futhi mina ...". Nokho, Turgenev kubonisa ukuthi uJehova akayena unkulunkulu abantu esingenathemba ngokuphelele, ngoba abazi ekuphelelweni umuzwa ubuhle.

Odintsov cishe angabi nandaba semvelo, njengokuduma Bazarov, ehamba emhlabeni engadini nje ngoba uyinto evamile ngenxa yakhe. Kodwa UNikolai Petrovich nemvelo kuba umthombo ugqozi. Katerina futhi Arkadi - abasha futhi awanaki, zingabantu ngokoqobo ingane uthando naye. Nakuba Arkady futhi uzama ngazo zonke izindlela ukuba ulifihle, kodwa iqiniso wukuthi esobala kakhulu.

Fenichka ku landscape ingemuva ehlobo ubukeka "ngokuqondile kusukela tin." Bazarov, nakuba bephika ubuhle bomhlaba, kodwa ezingeni esesimweni sokungaphili ngokuphelele munye + nayo. Ukuze uzwisise yena uya okwesikhathi zihamba ehlathini, lapho ethukuthele futhi ngithukuthele. Nature angakwazi ukwethemba, kuba nobufakazi unwitting okwamehlela.

isiphetho

Esikhathini inoveli "Obaba and Sons" ucaphuna Umlando we ebuntwaneni protagonist Bazarov ukuvumela ukuqonda kangcono umphefumulo wakhe, engxoxweni yakhe noyise, uyakhumbula: "Ngithanda ukushayela lapha, ezithokozisayo birch yakho Grove, kahle sisalokhu." Lapha ubonisa ukuthi umphefumulo wakhe akakabi abanonya ngakho njengoba efuna ukukhombisa.

Turgenev lapha ebonisa ukuthi singakanani nethonya elijulile futhi enamandla ngomuntu, ngokuba umthombo imicabango yakhe, imizwa kanye izimo.