Feat Maresiev, umshayeli umuntu wangempela. Yini eyenza izenzo ezibabazekayo Aleksey Maresev?

Alekseya Mareseva feat - umshayeli edume Soviet, owashonelwa imilenze yomibili ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili - manje laziwe kubo bonke. Ingabe amandla futhi abafisa ukuphila hero wakwazi ukunqoba ukufa kuqala, khona-ke ukukhubazeka. Ngokuphambene lomusho beyibonakala yakhipha ukudalelwa, Maresiev wakwazi ukusinda lapho ebona kungenzeki ukubuyela ngaphambili oshayelayo of a fighter futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo e ukuphila okugcwele. Feat Maresiev - ithemba futhi isibonelo kubantu abaningi abayizisulu ezibuhlungu, hhayi kuphela e impi kodwa futhi nenkathi yokuthula. Uyakhumbula, okuyinto engenza umuntu akalilahlile amandla ukulwa nokukholelwa ngokwabo.

Maresiev Alexei Petrovich: Izingane kanye nentsha

May 20, 1916 emndenini uPetru noCatherine Maresjev abahlala Kamyshin (samanje Volgograd Region), ukuthi uyindodana yesithathu wazalwa. Alex wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala lapho uyise ebulawa amanxeba awathola kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Umama, Catherine Nikitichna ubesebenza njengodokotela wezindlu efektri, isabelo wawa akuyona lift lula ngezinyawo zakhe izingane kakhulu? - UPetru, uNicholas U-Alexis.

Emva kokuphothula ibanga lesithupha, u-Aleksey Maresev wabhalisa esikoleni esikoleni, lapho amukelwa khona mkhakha we locksmith. Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu wayesebenza esigayweni e bomdabu Kamyshin turner ku zensimbi parallel wafunda ubuhlakani abasebenzi '. Ngisho nalapho, babethanda abe umshayeli.

Kabili wazama ukungena Flight School, kodwa wabuyela imibhalo: Ihambise ebuntwaneni ifomu kanzima umalaleveva babungonakala sina zempilo yakhe, sibe nzima rheumatism. Bambalwa babekholelwa ngesikhathi ukuthi Alex ngeke abe umshayeli - futhi unina noma omakhelwane basale ayihlukile neze - kodwa ngenkani baqhubeka alwele imigomo yabo.

Ngo-1934, isiqondiso ekomidini wesifunda Komsomol Kamyshinsky Maresiev ithunyelwa eKhabarovsk Krai ekwakhiweni Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Ukusebenza njengoba umakhenikha-uchwepheshe, godu bekwi-ezindizayo club, ukufunda lotnomu icala.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, lapho Maresiev singayiswa empini, wathunyelwa akhonze aviapogranotryad 12 ku-Sakhalin Island. Kusuka lapho, wabelwa ukuba isikole zezindiza edolobheni Bataisk, okuvela kulo wathola iziqu olingana uLieutenant yesibili. Kube wamiswa njengomqondisi ngomfundisi. Bataisk wakhonza kuze kube impi.

Ukuqala empini futhi umlando ft

Ngo-August 1941, Alekseya Mareseva bathunyelwa epini. Elokuqala nokuhlasela kwakhe senzeka eduze Krivoy rog. Lapho entwasahlobo ka ngonyaka ozayo, umshayeli wayiswa North-Western Front, credit wakhe kakade inombolo ezine ababeke isitha izindiza.

April 4, 1942 ngesikhathi impi emoyeni eduze Staraya Russa (esifundeni Novgorod) ihlaselwe Maresiev fighter, futhi elimala. Umshayeli waphoqeleka ukuba umhlaba ehlathini - e ezingemuva wesitha.

izinsuku eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili Alexey Maresiev ngokuphuthumayo alwa kwaze kwaba sekufeni, owenza indlela yakhe ukuba front line. Lapho wafingqa abalimele, bese izinyawo frost abalunyiwe, waqhubeka ukuhambisa lakho konke okuhamba ngezine, ukudla amagxolo, amajikijolo, uphayini Izigaxa ... Usanda uyaphila, watholakala ehlathini, abafana ababili emzaneni Plav (esithambile), Valdai esifundeni. Izakhamuzi wafihla ngerherho yena, futhi wazama ukuhamba, kodwa ngemiphumela ukulimala nasemilenzeni frostbite bekhuluphele kakhulu. ukusebenza Maresjev edingekayo.

Ekuqaleni kuka-May, eduze nedolobhana kokwehla izindiza. Kwakuthinta okuzoqondiswa ngu-Andrew Dehtyarenko - isigaba, okwakubonisa Maresiev. Umshayeli kwalimala bakwazi ngisho nokushushumbisa eMoscow ngo esibhedlela samasosha.

sinqumo abangenasihe odokotela ... bese ubuyela uhlelo

Konke okwenzekayo futhi akukho kodwa omunye eside ungaphazanyiswa Maresiev feat. Esibhedlela esibhibhayo futhi yegazi elinobuthi umshayeli ukuba odokotela wakusindisa ngokuyisimangaliso ukuphila, kodwa kwadingeka ukuba usinqume tibia yakhe imilenze yomibili. Namanje embhedeni esibhedlela, Alex iqala ukuzivoxavoxa akhathazayo. It ibhalwe hhayi kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwanda sokwenziwa futhi ufunde ukuthi ihlukene nabantu ethandana nabo. iPlani lakhe - ukuba ngumnikazi kubo ngokuphelele, ukuze bakwazi ukubuyela izindiza. Waqhubeka ukuqeqesha futhi ngo-1942 kuleli yokungcebeleka, okwenza kube yimpumelelo runaway okwabangelwa yensimbi intando nesibindi.

Ekuqaleni konyaka ozayo Maresiev ingathunyelwa ngihlolwa, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ngabelwa Ibresinskuyu indiza zesikole Chuvashia. Ngo-February 1943, lapho ngempumelelo waqhuba indiza yokuhlola kuqala emva kwaba ukulimala kwakhe. Konke lokhu esengumfanyana ukuphikelela emangalisayo wafuna bathunyelwa epini.

Futhi futhi empini!

Sicela umshayeli unikwe ngoJulayi 1943. Kodwa induna 63rd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment at esabe lokuqala ukuyiyekela emsebenzini. Nokho, ngemva induna isigaba u-Alexander izinombolo ukuzwelana Maresjev, waqala sizinike isikhathi ohambweni ukulwa, okwathi kamuva laba aphumelele, ukuthembeka amakhono umshayeli kwaqina.

Ngemva Maresiev landizela on lokufakelwa kwezitho, ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi, badutshulwe phansi eyisikhombisa izindiza isitha. Ngokushesha inkazimulo mayelana feat Maresiev chithi phambi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, umhlangano wokuqala ka-Alexei Petrovich nge impi umlobeli we iphephandaba "Pravda" Boris Polevoy. Feat umshayeli Maresiev Field aphefumulelwe ukudala incwadi yakhe edumile ethi "Indaba Indoda Yangempela". It Maresiev wenza prototype umlingiswa oyinhloko.

Ngo-1943 Maresiev wathola isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Ukuphela impi. Life after ke - eyodwa ngaphezulu feat Maresiev

Ngemva konyaka, Alekseyu Maresevu acelwe ukuba aphume ibutho ukulwa bese uya ukulawula Air Force emanyuvesi ukuba umhloli okuthunyelwe ndiza. Wavuma. Ku-akhawunti yakhe kulokhu kwaba nokuhlasela ayisishiyagalombili nesikhombisa wadubula phansi nanye isitha izindiza.

Ngo-1946, u-Alexei Petrovich waphenduka Maresiev akhishwe Air Force, kodwa waqhubeka nokuthandaza njalo silondoloze ukuma kakhulu ngokomzimba. Yena skated, skied, ukubhukuda futhi ngebhayisikili. irekhodi lakhe siqu Wamisa ngesikhathi Kuibyshev, lapho ewela i iVolga (2200 metres) kumaminithi amahlanu nanhlanu.

Maresiev wayedume kakhulu eminyakeni post-yimpi, ngokuphindaphindiwe ababemenyelwe imikhosi ehlukahlukene, futhi bahlanganyela imihlangano nge abafundi. Ngo-1949, wahamba waya eParis, ngekubamba lichaza ngowokuqala Ukuthula Komhlaba Congress.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe, iziqu ngo-1952 kusukela Ephakeme Party School leKomiti Central we CPSU, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emine wavikela emkhakheni umlando mqondo.

Ngo-1960, izwe wabona incwadi ethi "On the eKursk Bulge", ogama lalibhalwe Aleksey Maresev (isithombe ngezansi).

A esiningi enikelwe Maresiev umsebenzi wezenhlalakahle. Wayengumuntu ingxenye War Veterans iKomidi, wakhethwa ukuba Supreme Soviet of the USSR ngaphezu kwalokho, wahola Zonke-Russian WWII Ikhutshaziwe Isikhwama.

umndeni

Alexei Petrovich Maresiev wayeshadile. Galina Viktorovna Mareseva (Tretyakov), umkakhe wayengakabi isisebenzi uMphathi Abasebenzi emoyeni. Bona wayenamadodana amabili. Lesiphakeme, Victor (1946), manje ephethwe yi-Foundation Maresiev. Junior, Alex (1958), owabe ekhubazekile kusukela ebuntwaneni, washona ngo-2001.

ukufa

izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kosuku olusemthethweni lokuzalwa umshayeli omkhulu, Meyi 18, 2001, e-Theatre of Russian Army wawuzoqhutshwa ekhonsathini ngesikhathi kugujwa iminyaka engu-vosmidesyatipyatiletnego Maresiev. Okwesikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuba kuqale umcimbi, u-Alexei Petrovich kwakukhona ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, ngemva kwalokho wafa.

U-Aleksey Maresev wangcwatshwa Novodevichy Amathuna eMoscow.

Imemori hero

Combat nama-labour amasevisi Maresiev yaklonyeliswa imiklomelo eminingi. Ngaphezu Gold Star of the Hero kweSoviet Union futhi eziningi imiklomelo isimo ezweni lakubo, waba Knight oda eziningi angaphandle kanye izindondo. Waba futhi isosha zokuhlonipha ka omunye amayunithi lempi, ube ngumhlali zokuhlonipha ka lwakhe lwendabuko Kamyshin, orel, Komsomolsk-on-Amur kanye nakwamanye amadolobha. Igama lakhe Isikhwama yomphakathi, eziningi ezitaladini, izikole kanye namaqembu yokushisekela izwe futhi ngisho iplanethi encane.

Memory of Alexei Maresjev, amandla akhe yentando, ngokwenama nesibindi esingajwayelekile sokudlulisela kwabanye kufanele amenza uludumo lwendoda-legend, uzohlala phakade ezinhliziyweni zabantu, sikhonza njengesibonelo imfundo yizizukulwane ezizayo.