Constellation of Perseus: umlando, amaqiniso kanye nezinganekwane. Izinkanyezi ze-constellation Perseus

Imephu yesibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi - lesi sibonakaliso siyamangalisa futhi siyamangalisa, ikakhulukazi uma sibhakabhaka esibumnyama ebusuku. Ngokumelene nesizinda se-Milky Way enamandla, ungakwazi ukubona ngokucacile izinkanyezi ezikhanyayo nezinkanyezi ezinamaqembu ahlukahlukene. Enye yalezi zinkanyezi, cishe ngokuphelele eMilky Way, iyinqwaba yePerseus.

Ingqikithi ye-constellation Perseus

I-Constellation Perseus (i-legend yokubukeka kwayo inhle kakhulu) iyathakazelisa kakhulu kusukela ekubukeni kwesayensi. Kodwa manje hhayi ngalokhu, kodwa ngothando. Indawo yenkanyezi yezinkanyezi ifana nendoda ekhanda elide ekhanda lakhe. Futhi lena indaba yenkimbinkimbi. Ngokomlando omdala, u-Perseus wayengumntwana ongekho emthethweni kaZeus nendodakazi kaTsar. Ngesinye isikhathi, umprofethi wembula kumbusi ukuthi uzobhubha ezandleni zomzukulu wakhe. Eyesaba ukubikezela, inkosi yavala uDanae omuhle embhoshongweni. Kodwa uZeyus, owathandana nentombazane yasemhlabeni, wangena egodini lokugodla, waphenduka waba yimvula yegolide. Ngokushesha indodakazi yenkosi yazala indodana. Futhi ukuqeda ingane engadingeki, inkosi yacela ukuba ibophe unina nengane emgqonyeni bese iphonsa olwandle. Umama nomntwana osemncane basinda, futhi umgodi wawudabula ogwini lesi siqhingi.

Ngesikhathi uPerseus omncane ebumnandi eba mdala, wafeza izinto eziningi. Futhi phakathi nokuzijabulisa kwakhe le nsizwa yathola uthando lwakhe - i-Andromeda enhle. Usuvele esemdala, wabamba iqhaza emincintiswaneni yokuphonsa i-disk, lapho abulala khona umkhulu wakhe ngengozi. Nansi indaba enhle kangaka mayelana ne-constellation ngokuphela okudabukisayo.

Umlando we-constellation yasendulo

Inkanyezi yasePerseus, esenyakatho yasenyakatho yasenyakatho, yatholwa izazi zezinkanyezi zasendulo. Futhi kubonakala kahle esibhakabhakeni esinezinkanyezi kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi. Ngobusuku obungenalutho nokungenazinyanga, akunzima ukuhlukanisa zonke izinkanyezi ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye zenkanyezi ngisho nangamehlo angaboniwe, ngoba i-constellation iqukethe izinkanyezi zesilinganiso sesibili nesithathu.

Amaqoqo ezinkanyezi ezihlakaziwe e-constellation Perseus zatholwa izazi zezinkanyezi isikhathi eside. Ngokuyinhloko, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, isazi sezinkanyezi saseMelika sathola i-nebula ye-emission. Lesi simo esihle kakhulu, esingabonwa nge-telescope yesimanje. I-Constellation Perseus (isithombe esingabonakala kulesi sihloko) sishiwo kwikhathalogi yesibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi, ekhulwini lesibili leminyaka yenkathi yethu.

Indawo kaPerseus esibhakabhakeni sezinkanyezi

I-constellation ibonakala kakhulu kulo lonke izwe laseRussia. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokubonakala ziyi-Disemba.

I-constellation ye-Andromeda ne-Perseus (ebhekwa yi-constellation) itholakala eceleni. Futhi uma ufuna ukuthola i-Perseus esibhakabhakeni, kufanele uqale uthole i-Andromeda. Esikhathini sesigcawu sePerseus othandekayo kukhona umugqa oqondile owenziwe izinkanyezi eziningana. Bese uqhubeka umzila empumalanga, futhi kuzokukhomba kuwe inkanyezi Perseus.

Abomakhelwane beNkanyezi

Njenganoma yimuphi omunye, i-constellation Perseus esibhakabhakeni inomakhelwane. Ukusuka empumalanga kunqamula eCassiopeia, entshonalanga kuhlangene ne-Auriga. Engeningizimu-ntshonalanga yePerseus, umuntu angathola kalula i- constellation ye-Taurus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba ye-Andromeda nePerseus isondelene kakhulu - ngisho lapha umthandi akavumeli ubuhle bakhe.

UDeveli ohluphayo e-constellation

Ngokuhambisana nesithombe sakhe esiyingqayizivele, uPerseus ebalazweni lasezulwini uboniswa njengeqhawe elinenhloko ye-jellyfish Gorgons ebhande.

I-constellation kaPerseus yayiqashwe izazi zezinkanyezi zamazwe ahlukene, futhi lesi sigaba senkanyezi sabakhanga ngokungaqondakali nokuhlukile. Ngezikhathi Eziphakathi, izazi zezinkanyezi zase-Arabhu zazizifundela ngenkuthalo. Yilabo abaqaphele kuqala ukuthi lapho behlolisisa ikhanda le-jellyfish ngokuningiliziwe, umuntu angabona ukuthi iso elilodwa lihlala limile, futhi elinye, ngezikhathi ezithile, libonakala lishintsha. Futhi le nkanyezi ku-constellation Perseus ibizwa ngokuthi "devil", noma ngesi-Arabhu - i-Algol.

Isazi sezinkanyezi saseYurophu, owokuqala owacwaninga ngokujulile isimo se-Algol esivuthayo, kwakuyisazi sezinkanyezi sase-Italy, esasihlala ekhulwini le-17. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakhe aluzange lusondeza ekuqondeni ukujwayela lapho inkanyezi ikhanya khona. Ukuze kunqume ukuthi lokhu kwakungenzeka kubafundi bezinkanyezi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ukubukela inkanyezi kulo lonke ubusuku obunye. Ngenxa yalokhu msebenzi wokuxhumana, kwakungenzeka ukuthi u-Algol "ama-winks" abe ne-periodicity eqinile.

Izinsuku ezimbili nengxenye ukukhanya kwenkanyezi kuhlale kukhanya. Amahora ayisishiyagalolunye alandelayo, ukukhanya kwalo kuqala kancane kancane, bese kuphinda kukhulise inani lokuqala. Igebe phakathi kwe "winks" cishe izinsuku ezimbili namahora angamashumi amabili nanye.

Isixazululo semfihlakalo ye-Algol

Kwakuyiziphetho ezenza izinkanyezi zithatha ukuba khona komunye umzimba wesimo sezulu ojikelezayo nxazonke zenkanyezi ekhanyayo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lo mbono waba yiqiniso eliqinisekisiwe ngokwesayensi. Ososayensi bathole ukuqinisekiswa kokuqagela kwabo, sebezitholile i-satellite evela e-Algol. Nguye oqeda inkanyezi ngezikhathi ezithile, okwenza ukushintshashintsha kwamandla okukhanya.

Le nkanyezi yayisiyisigungu sokuqala sezulu, esitholwe izazi zezinkanyezi ezinezici zenkanyezi eguquguqukayo yokukhanya. Ngisho nangemva kwalokhu isithakazelo ososayensi ukutadisha lobu buhle basezulwini akulahlekile. Ngenxa yalokhu kunakekelwa okukhulu, kwakungenzeka ukusetha ukuba khona kwesinye i-satellite, esivela kude kuneyokuqala. Ngenxa yokunciphisa okwanele kokushayelwa kwenkanyezi ye-Algol, akubangeli, futhi ukukhanya kwe-star kungakabikho.

I-swarmling swarmling yezinkanyezi ePerseus

Lena enye yamaqoqo amahle kakhulu wezinkanyezi ezitholwa ososayensi ku-Perseus yamaqoqo. Iso elimele lingabonwa kuphela indawo encane ekhanyayo. Kodwa uma uyibheka ngokucophelela nge-telescope, ungabona ubuhle obungasoze bulibala beqoqo lezinkanyezi. Amakhulu ezinkanyezi ezikhazimulayo enza umqondo wesidlo esincane sasezulwini. Kuzo zonke ezinye izinto, kunemikhawulo emibili yezidalwa zasezulwini.

Lezi ziqoqo ezihlakazekile ku-constellation zinebanga elihlukile eMhlabeni kanye nenani elihlukile lezinkanyezi ekubunjweni kwalo. Isigaba sokuqala siningi kakhulu kunesibili. Umehluko ngobuningi ngamayelana namakhulu asezulwini. Izazi zezinkanyezi ezibuka ngokucophelela amaqoqo zafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi izinkanyezi ezakhiweni zazo azihleliwe, zihlangene ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi uhlelo. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi bonke bayakhiwa kusuka kwesimo esisodwa se-pre-stellar yendaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 isazi sezinkanyezi esivela eHolland senza esinye ukutholakala okuthakazelisayo: izinkanyezi zesigaba sesibili zibalekela kuzo zonke izingxenye ezivela emaphandleni. Wakwazi futhi ukubala ukuthi le nhlangano yezinkanyezi yavela maduze nje.

Ngokuvamile, amaqoqo ezinkanyezi ePerseus athakazelisa abacwaningi ngoba bangabantu abaningi kakhulu. Ukuthakazelisa abacwaningi nakho kuyi-nebula yase-California ehamba phambili, ekhoneni lasePerseus. Ngokusho kokubona kososayensi, kukhanyiswa inkanyezi enkulu kakhulu. Ibanga kusuka eMhlabeni kuya kule nebula elikhanyayo cishe iminyaka engu- 2000 elula.

Inkanyezi yesibili eguquguqukayo

Ku-constellation Perseus, ngaphandle kwe-Algol, kunenye inkanyezi eguquguqukayo. Kungabuye kubonwe ngaphandle kwe-telescope. Isikhathi sesikhathi sokunyathela kwayo asihlali njalo, njengenkanyezi "devil", kodwa kufanelana phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-33 kuya ku-55. Lesi simo sokungapheleli asiqondi ngokugcwele izazi zesayensi yezinkanyezi, futhi asikho isizathu sokuqhaqhazela.

Ukubona kwaleli nyanga elihle kuyinjabulo. Kodwa njengoba ososayensi basebenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ibhizinisi ngenjabulo, kuye kwaqalwa ukuthi le nkanyezi nayo ine-satellite. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubukhulu bayo buncane kunobunzima benkanyezi ngokwayo.

Ukubuka le mibhangqwana ku-telescope, izazi zezinkanyezi zazibiza ngokuthi "amadayimane asezulwini" ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwemibala emangalisayo. Inkanyezi eyinhloko igcwele ukukhanya okuhle kwe-orange, futhi umngane wayo omncane unokukhanya okungaqondakali kwe-bluish.

I-Meteor shower of Perseus

Labo abanesithakazelo esikhulu kwi-meteorites, izazi zezinkanyezi zinikeza ukubuka umbono othakazelisayo wokugeleza kwe-meteor ku-constellation yasePerseus. Sinezinkanyezi ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Lokhu cishe kusukela phakathi kukaJulayi kuze kufike ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Agasti. Ukuphakama kwemvula kuwela phakathi kuka-Agasti. Izazi zezinkanyezi zabiza lokhu kusebenza kwe-meteor shower Perseid.

Esikhathini esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku, ungabona inani elikhulu lezinkanyezi eziphawulekayo, eziningi zazo ezidinga ukutadisha nokucophelela okucophelela. Lokhu kusebenza ku-constellation Perseus. Naphezu kokutholakala okuningi okuphelele, izizukulwane eziningi zabantu kudingeka zifunde. Okusekude kusezindaweni ezide kakhulu zesayensi yanamuhla yesayensi yezinkanyezi, mhlawumbe eminyakeni embalwa nje, kuzomangaza ubuntu ngesilinganiso sokutholakala kwayo.