Catfish ethafeni: izici kanye ngezigaba

Som abavamile (European, River) - inhlanzi yasemfuleni enkulu kunazo abangenalo izikali. Lokhu nomzingeli ophila ngemifula namachibi, kuyinto inhlanzi yasemfuleni enkulu kunazo, engaqhathaniswa usayizi nge Beluga. Nokho, kuyinto inhlanzi ezifudukayo ongena imifula zidala.

ngezigaba:

• Class - Pisces (Pisces).
• Umkhaya - Siluroidea (AmaKh).
• Lamabutho - Siluriformes (Somoobraznye).
• Buka - Esox Lucius (eyikati).
• Rod - Siluridae (eyikati Ordinary).

ukusabalala

Catfish ezivamile emachibini noma emifuleni yeYurophu, ngaphandle e-Italy, Norway, eScotland, Spain naseNgilandi. Amalungu zinhlobo zitholakala eningizimu yaseSweden Finland. Le ndawo eningizimu eyikati kuvinjelwe emanzini angasogwini zase-Aegean futhi woLwandle Olumnyama, e-Asia ke kukhawulela Aral Sea. Catfish abavamile, izithombe ongawabona ngezansi, uhlala thutheleka fula ku aseBaltic, iCaspian kanye Black Sea.

eyikati European - izinhlanzi sedentary. Cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe, kodwa uchitha egodini esifanayo, akuvamile emshiya ziyofuna ukudla. Kuphela phakathi nenkathi zidala entwasahlobo, eyikati eshiya ikhaya kwakhe futhi lumenze umfula, ngokufaka amachibi kwimfunda kanye floodplains ngoba zidala.

Catfish abavamile ngokuphelele ungeme amanzi anodaka. Ngenxa yaleso sizathu lezi zinhlanzi zitholakala emlonyeni nemingenela ngesikhathi isikhukhula - beyofuna amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngesizathu esifanayo, kukazamcolo, wayevame ukhetha ukuba namachibi kwimfunda noma kwimfunda emfuleni.

Catfish ezivamile: isakhiwo

Le nhlanzi libhekene engavamile idatha yangaphandle. Cishe, akunakwenzeka ukuba umuntu ambize handsome wavelela kubo bonke abakhileyo kwamanzi. Huge ikhanda isisindo ¼ isisindo ingqikithi zezinhlanzi, umlomo omkhulu yokuhlala namazinyo amaningi abukhali kodwa ezincane, amehlo uhlasela elincane eduze ngemuva ekhanda. Ipheya amadevu kunalokho eside ivuliwe udebe eliphezulu futhi kwesilevu - ngazimbili ngaphezulu ezimbili barbels ezincane. Nakhu i eyikati abavamile. Ukubukeka kule nomzingeli akuyona ezikhanga kakhulu.

Umzimba phambi round kakhulu onomfutho ngesikhathi emuva singatsheki. It ngokushelela ku fin umsila. Fin amaphiko sifushane, elise ngempela eduze ekhanda. Anal, eside umsila fin uxhumekile. Uma uthi nhlá, kubonakala sengathi i-elikhulu izinhlanzi ekhanda ngokushelela ku umsila.

umbala

Catfish abavamile, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle ngokuvamile utholakala ezincwadini for Anglers, nombala kunalokho nesizotha: ngemuva abamnyama, isisu ezimhlophe ephethe tinge aphuzi. Izikali emzimbeni engekho nhlobo. It is ezinabantu embozwe isikhwehlela, okuyinto ivikela isikhumba izimuncagazi eyikati.

Usayizi eyikati

Ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko sishilo ukuthi eyikati abavamile - izinhlanzi makhulu, kodwa abafundi bethu abaningi futhi abaqapheli ukuthi singakanani. Ngokuvamile, ubude umzimba amamitha angu-amane, kanye nesisindo - eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili kanye khilogremu. Futhi lokhu akuyona umkhawulo. Kukhona izimo olukhudlwana. Soma zikhule ngokushesha yokuqala kweminyaka emihlanu noma eyisithupha. Kancane kancane, ukukhula kwabo kubambezela, futhi iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili inhlanzi enesisindo nesikhombisa ngamakhilogremu.

Amakhophi kokuba isisindo esiphezulu, ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngekhulu le-nesishiyagalolunye, kumisiwe imidondoshiya amamitha angaphezu kwamathathu ubude nesisindo 220 kg. Ngo-1856, ku-Dnieper wabanjwa eyikati abavamile enesisindo kg 400 futhi ubude mayelana ezinhlanu amamitha.

Okwamanje, izimo njalo ngaphezulu ayisekho kuka 1.6 amamitha. Ukuze Anglers yesimanje injabulo enkulu nempumelelo enkulu kubhekwa ithuba ukubamba ubude izinhlanzi kanye amamitha nengxenye futhi enesisindo Kilos engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Isisindo esiphezulu kwalesi silwane eqoshiwe esikhathini sethu - ubude 2,78 amamitha nesisindo 144 kg.

indlela yokuphila

Catfish abavamile - eyaziwa sekhaya: awusebenzi uthuthe kusuka endaweni yawo evamile. Eceleni kwakhe, njengoba umthetho, kuthiwa zidala nokondla ngezizathu. Lezi zinhlanzi uthanda ukuphila wodwa izikole ezinkulu bazobambisana emakhazeni. Ezibekwe emigodini ejulile futhi ayeke ukusuthisa kuze entwasahlobo.

Catfish abavamile - nomzingeli omkhulu oholela demersal yokuphila. ukhululekile Iningi azizwa ezingxenyeni ethule kwesigubhu. Kudingeka emgodini, Driftwood, emigedeni.

Hunting eyikati abaqamekeli abavamile. Njengoba kufihlwe endaweni esekusithekeni, akabe ukusheshe futhi abambe isilwane asizingelayo yabo. Emanzini angajulile, lapho ungabona intuthuko zezinhlanzi abasha, ngokuvamile kuzingelwa zithuthelekela soms. Bona iyahambelana ngokumelene wamanje, vula umlomo niginge imihlambi nezinhlanzi ezincane. Som ntambama abavamile ukuba baphumule emgodini noma emhumeni, nokuzingela kuphela ebusuku noma lapho kuhlwa. Anikele amsize athole amadevu akhe kanye isikhumba ebucayi.

Ngo-October-November eyikati eyeka ukudla futhi itholakala imigodi phambi lonke izinhlanzi, lapho ufaka ikhanda lakhe odakeni. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi eyikati abalona ingozi kwezinye izakhamuzi kwamanzi, basuke imbobo efanayo ebusika uvumelane nezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu, avame Carp.

ukudla

Njengoba i eyikati abavamile - nomzingeli ke kungokwemvelo ukuthi ngesisekelo ekudleni kwakhe kuyinto inhlanzi, nazo zonke osayizi kanye nezinhlobo. abantu elikhulu enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angaphezu 30 kg, - Kukhona ngempela nzima kangaka futhi ongenakunyakaziswa. Ayevame ukubamba izinhlanzi ezincane, okuyinto bangena umlomo ngamanzi. ngezinye izikhathi, ezifihle ekhoneni esekusithekeni, ukuyengela enkulu ngaphezulu inhlanzi amadevu abafana izimpethu kwamanzi.

zezinhlobo ezinkulu abadlala zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ukuthi zasemanzini: izinyoni amanzi amatshwele, izilwane ezincane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, eyikati nazo fed:

• zomdlavuza;
• iminyundu;
• River clams;
• Nightcrawlers;
• amaxoxo.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Njengabantu abaningi izinhlanzi okuzingela, eyikati abavamile likhula masinyane bese uba ovuthiwe ngokobulili ngomnyaka wesine zokuphila. Ikhono nekukhicita AmaKh zinhlobo kwenzeka uma izinhlanzi ifinyelela Usayizi mayelana 60 cm kanye isisindo 3 kg. Lezi nemingcele kukhona isici eyikati ezinhlanu. Kuye esifundeni lapho uhlala i eyikati abavamile, ukukhiqizwa kabusha (zidala) kungathatha indawo ehlobo noma entwasahlobo.

Ukuze le nqubo kudinga lokushisa lamanzi +17 ... + 20 ° C. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, i-European eyikati nabesifazane amaqanda izingxenye ezimbili - kuze kufinyelele amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30. I usinde emikhulu insikazi, amaqanda ngaphezulu izalela. Ubukhulu amaqanda - akukho amamilimitha angu ezingaphezu kwezintathu.

Ilungiselela eziyizimbangela, insikazi luhlala phansi echibini noma Jack emfuleni. Njengomthetho, kuba umgodi engajulile oyindilinga, embozwe izitshalo ngamanzi. Itholakala emanzini angajulile, okungenani ayisikhombisa amasentimitha kude ebusweni.
Caviar esikhulu okunamathelayo, ngakho ubizwa kweso ethe njo izindonga phansi esidlekeni.

Amaqanda ukuthuthukisa ngokushesha okukhulu - izinsuku ezingu-3-10. Izibungu kusukela amaqanda ekhiqizwa ekuqaleni. Khona-ke ugxile isikhuphasha sac, futhi ukukhanya livela gazinga, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-15 mm ubude. Sonke lesi sikhathi lo wesilisa kulinda esidlekeni. ukukhula Young liyakhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi imifula eningizimu. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, gazinga akhule 40 cm futhi buthola mayelana 500 amagremu. Nokho, kukhona iphesenti eliphezulu lokufa kwezingane abantu esemncane. Kufika ngonyaka behlala ngaphandle% 5 kuphela izilwane ezisencane kwalesi silwane eyikati.

Life after zidala

Ngemva yokuzalanisa eyikati emuva yazo - izimbobo ejulile. I ukufinyelela futhi ezijulile emgodini, kulapho-ke izindawo zokukhosela namaziko snags, elikhulu nezinabantu abaningi kakhulu abahlala soma wakhe. Kulokhu, kuthule futhi ukutholakala zokukhosela ezindaweni zezinhlanzi olwenzeka endaweni kuyinto ebaluleke ngaphezu kwesigubhu ukujula. zezinhlobo Young, enesisindo esingaphansi 15 kg, ukubhukuda amamitha amathathu ukujula, ngokuvamile amadamu, ngaphansi amabhange elengayo noma podmytuyu ngaphansi izimpande izihlahla.

Catfish ezivamile: sobude bokuphila

Le nhlanzi kungokwalabo eyikhulu. Ososayensi bathi bangaphila koleminyaka engamatshumi amahlanu. Kodwa enjalo Esegugile uyasinda, akuzona zonke eyikati abavamile. Kanjani lezi izinhlanzi eziphila endle? Iminyaka yokuphila kwabantu kuyinto (ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle) engamashumi amathathu noma engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu.

ekubambeni eyikati

Lena inqubo esijabulisayo for Anglers ochwepheshe kanye nayizimfundamakhwela ngokufanayo. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu ukubamba lezi inhlanti ehlobo. okuhlabayo Good okwenzekayo sezulu ezolile efudumele ngemva kokushona kwelanga futhi lingakaphumi ilanga. Soma wasuthisa njalo, kodwa hhayi nge ubugovu efanayo. Entathakusa, ngaphambi kwelanga nobusuku eyikati abalumayo sasivumela asebenzayo. Futhi uma drizzles imvula kancane, ukudoba kungenzeka usuku lonke.

Tackle oholela kangcono akufanele ulahle ngaphezu womgodi futhi indlela ebusuku ukuzingela eyikati. Ngokuvamile kuba ngendlela efanayo. Indawo engcono kakhulu imiqulu, okuyinto abacebile ikakhulukazi lolo bukhoma kuzo, okungaba noma iluphi usuku ngaphandle ubungqabavu eside izinhlanzi. umlomo wombhobho Excellent, ngokuvumelana abadobi, iyona umbokwane, inhlanzi eyikati kodwa ngezinye izikhathi inqamuka, ngoba izinhlanzi azixhunywe phezu izindebe zakhe.

Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa njengoba lolo senhlanzi enkulu, nakuba lena akuyona kulingane ngokuphelele. Offal inhlanzi nezinkukhu, iminyundu, izibankwa, eyosiwe yenkukhu, isinqamu inyama eyikati akanandaba. Kodwa iphunga evutha izinwele noma izimpaphe le nhlanzi ekhangayo. Ukuze lolo ungasebenzisa isikhuphashe ngenkathi they molt, lapho igobolondo uthambile kakhulu.

Mhlawumbe ozithandayo kakhulu ukuphathwa eyikati kuyinto frog. Ngezinye le ntandokazi sakhe sisuke sisekelwe indlela ezithakazelisayo yokudoba - klochene. Ukuze eyikati usebenzisa Imbongolo, wamshaya lolo endaweni nezinsolo yokudla, neyezinhlanzi.

Induku kumele kuboshelwe esigxotsheni ayisa phansi noma amagatsha aqinile njengo bite chetyrehkilogrammovyh izimo ngisho abukhali kakhulu futhi emasekhondini induku sisuka nje. Anglers abanokuhlangenwe nakho baye bame kwelokuthi bite kungaba namandla kakhulu kangangokuba induku (test 190 g) 1.9 imitha eside, njenge-spring, endiza emoyeni futhi monofilament entsha ngokuphelele (0.3) ngawo lowo mzuzwana zidabukile.

ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

ukudoba Catfish umbono ovamile. Inani layo ayixhomekile kuphela enesisa nokunamanoni: kusukela kwesinye bhukuda senhlanzi uthole glue omkhulu, kodwa ezikhathini zasendulo wageza isikhumba eyikati lalisetshenziswa njengesibhedlela "ingilazi" amafasitela. Esikhathini namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu elidlule abambe emanzini athile safinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4,2, kodwa namuhla bavela beye bancipha kakhulu.

isimo evikelwe

Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokudoba engalawuliwe, kanye nokuzingelwa kwezilwane, cishe emhlabeni wonke inani eyikati abavamile kwehle. Ngo amadamu amaningi, lapho wayekade ehlala izinto eziningi ezinkulu, eyikati baba isivakashi ezingavamile. Kule ndaba, ezindaweni eziningi ivikelwe. Ngesikhathi emaphethelweni senhlobo eyikati ikakhulukazi ezingavamile, isibonelo, e-Republic of Karelia ngo-1995 sasitholakala kuyi Encwadi Olubomvu njengokungathi ezisengozini zezinyoni ezingavamile.