Car "Horch": umlando brand owaziwa

Multi-faceted, ngomlando onezigigaba edumile nemoto brand "Horch" elisuka kwekhulu le-19. Novemba 14, 1899 unjiniyela abanamakhono German Agasti Horch eyasungulwa ngo-Cologne inkampani siqu ukukhiqiza izimoto Horch & Cie. Motorwagen Werke. Ngemva konyaka, izwe wabona ngowokuqala imoto brand "Horch", obonisa design emisha. Ngemva kwalokho, ngo-August Horch wayengomunye wabokuqala ngibe usaziwayo imoto abaklami emhlabeni.

Agasti Horch

Ikusasa unjiniyela abanamakhono futhi usomabhizinisi yimpumelelo wazalwa ngo-October 12, 1868 emzini Winningen, emkhayeni wensimbi. Umkhaya Agasti Horch ayikwazanga ukuziqhayisa ingcebo, kodwa kungenxa yokuthi wayenezizathu ukusebenza iminyaka engu-13. Njengoba ezothatha isikhundla abanye imisebenzi, okunenjongo futhi bahilizisane Horch awuzange liphefumulelwe noma yisiphi sazo, futhi ngo-1888 sanquma ukungenela Saxon Engineering College. Uyamelana ukungabi nalwazi, intsha eziphikelelayo asebethweswe iziqu ngempumelelo esikoleni futhi wathola umsebenzi wokuqala ngesikhathi Foundry, bese emnyangweni Umklamo inkampani shipbuilding, lapho kuqala enenkolelo yokuthi le yangaphakathi omlilo engine.

impilo yakhe yashintsha kakhulu ngemva 1896, yena waqhubeka umjaho isithuthuthu. Ngesikhathi lokhu imoto kwakuyisimangaliso ubuchwepheshe. Horch abaningi imibuzo izihambisimshini izithuthuthu futhi kusihlwa nganquma ukuba abhalele ngolwazi mayelana nawe bese ecela umsebenzi e ngokuqinile Benz. Ngaphandle elinde impendulo esheshayo, ngo-August Yangimangaza lapho ngasheshe ngathola izindaba ukuthi lwemukelwa futhi kumelwe ngokushesha uthole ukusebenza. Horch oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala waqokwa abakhulu umsizi emnyangweni injini, kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezine, ukukhuthala efanele, waphuma waba ngumlindi ukukhiqizwa izimoto.

ekusungulweni

Karl Benz kwaba olandelanayo kakhulu ambitious German abasha, futhi 1899 kwaba ngu-August Horch, ngosizo lwezimali womthengisi abacebile emadolobheni asemaphethelweni Cologne Ehrenfeld wavula ngokuqinile Horch & Cie. Motorwagen Werke. Ekuqaleni, inkampani encane ngodondolo zabantu 11 wahlanganyela kuphela izimoto nokuningi. Kodwa ngemva konyaka inkampani yasungulwa kwakukhona imoto yokuqala "Horch" cylinder ezimbili injini nge namandla 5 amalitha. a. Umlando igama wafakwa Horch. I cindezela iye yaxoxa imoto entsha, lapho inkampani ukhiphe imodeli wesibili - imoto yokuqala German nge driveline.

Izimoto zokuqala

Eyokuqala onobuhle ababili Horch ekhiqizwa kuze 1901 babe 5 no-10 amalitha. a. Lezi zimoto ifakwe cylinder ezimbili injini isebangeni ngaphambili. Ngo imodeli wokuqala (4-15 PS) ukushayela kuya ezingemuva drive amasondo eyenziwa ngumuntu ukudluliswa ibhande. Ngo imodeli wesibili (10-16 PS) okokuqala eJalimane kuqhutshwa esebenzisa le driveline. The main inzuzo isakhi izimoto zokuqala "Horch" kwaba-gearbox elise block olulodwa nokudluliswa main. Ngalezo zinsuku kwaba isinqumo wamavukelambuso.

car body uvuliwe, ukusebenza Karetnaya workshop. Wakhanyiswa ikhandlela izibani. Ngokungafani izimoto ezinamandla eminyaka kamuva, ama-Horch lokuqala bengasazi ukufinyelela ngesivinini esiphezulu 32 km / h. Noma kunjalo, waba nesandla kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Yezimoto esetshenziswa ngomshikisho bamba. Eyokuqala "Horch" (imoto) izithombe, elise ngezansi ubonisa.

Indlela eya empumelelweni

Kusukela amakhasimende imoto entsha, "Horch" nge injini nomthamo 10-12 amalitha. a. futhi ibhokisi buthule kwakungekho ukukhululwa. Abasebenzi selingaphezu abantu ayisishiyagalolunye. Ukuze unjiniyela abanamakhono noFrits Zaydel ngasondelana phezu injini. Engxenyeni yangaphambili inkampani kwaba khona, futhi ngo-1902 kukhiqizwe washukumiseleka ukuba Reichenbach, futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili eZwickau (Saxony), lapho inkampani lalenziwa inkampani isitokwe ezikanye umxhwele ngesikhathi capital olubhalisiwe 140,000 amamaki.

Imodeli lokuqala, ikhiphe ukukhiqizwa entsha izici inani elikhulu design emisha. It efakwe a gearbox omusha, usebenza buthule, kusukela ephezulu we-chrome nickel steel amagiya. The bamba athambekele phakathi ukuwudlulisa injini. Torque kuya ezingemuva drive oluvala amasondo idluliselwa esebenzisa driveline. Ngo-1906, imoto "Horch" ngokokuqala lwaphumelela emncintiswaneni imoto owanikhipha inkampani ethandwa futhi oda ngaphezulu nakakhulu. Ngawo lowo nyaka onobuhle ezintsha Horch waqala ukubonisa e Berlin, kanye Paris Motor Show. Ngemva konyaka yethulwa umfuziselo okunethezeka six-cylinder vosmilitrovym nomthamo 60 amalitha. isekhondi., umnikazi wakhe wokuqala owawungumnyaka sultan we-Indonesian esiqhingini Java.

amasongo amane - ezine brand

Ukuqamba kanye njalo zifunana izixazululo ezintsha ka-August Horch imoto okuklama edingekayo imijovo zezimali njalo. Lokhu akumthokozisi bamasheya futhi kwaholela ukungavumelani njalo. Horch babekholelwa ahileleke engahlelekile ukukhangiswa kangcono sha. izinkampani Automobile baba abahlanganyeli njalo mncintiswano, umklami yena wawuhlanganyela beshayela.

amazinga emhlabeni sidinga utshalomali njalo nokukhula. Ngakho, ngo-1906, inkampani oluqalisa umfuziselo ZD entsha. imoto German "Horch ZD" nge 5.8-litre engine kanye nezemidlalo engasindi umzimba ngokukhethekile asebuthana iqhaza emncintiswaneni ophambili uHenry yasePrussia. ukusebenza Akuphumelelanga emncintiswaneni kuye kwaholela okubi kakhulu ubuhlobo nzima kakade nge bamasheya, ababekwa awanelisekile ne yokuthengisa imodeli odlule Horch Z. Umklami Nenkani sinqatshiwe noma ikuphi ukuhlehla ezihlongozwayo, sivikele ngokugcwele umbono wabo. Ngenxa yalokho, ehlobo lika-1909, ingcindezi evela bamasheya Horch kwesokunxele inkampani eyasungulwa, kodwa ngenyanga kamuva eZwickau esifanayo egunyazwe inkampani entsha Agasti Horch Automobilwerke GmbH.

amafemu amabili negama kucishe futhi cishe emgwaqeni efanayo kwabathukuthelisa abanikazi inkampani odlule. Ngemva kokuthethwa kwecala ukuthi Horch elahlekile, kukhona umbuzo mayelana igama elisha. Phakathi disskusii ngalokhu endlini kwendodana kamngani wakhe yomnikazi, oye wacwaninga Latin, nje Horch lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu German olimini lwesiLatini. kwavela Ngakho igama Audi, futhi kamuva - kanti inkampani Audi Automobilwerke GmbH.

Ajwayelekile namuhla amasongo amane Audi eyavela kamuva kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwethonya bomnotho asekuqaleni 30-yalolucwaningo izinkampani zinsizwa ezine yanquma ujoyine iqembu elifanayo Auto Union AG. Inhlangano kuhlanganisa Horch, Audi, Umzuli futhi DKW. I liwuphawu amasongo amane zifanekisela inyunyana yalezi zinkampani ezine, futhi kufanele kube khona kuwo wonke izimoto ezibangela ukukhathazeka. Horch futhi Audi wenza izimoto sokunethezeka, Umzuli - abasesigabeni esiphakathi, DKW - isabelomali kanye umnotho izimoto. Kukhona akulona iqiniso ukuthi imoto "Horch" - kuyafana Audi, umane kabusha ngesiteshi isikhathi. Iqiniso liwukuthi emva kwesikhashana ezintathu kuzo ezine abamele iqembu abasekho. Kwakukhona kuphela Audi, okuyinto eliyifa isibonakaliso.

onobuhle okudume kakhulu

Leyo mikhumbi ethandwa kakhulu, "Horch" abhekwa nezimoto four cylinder izinjini, isilinganiso injini umthamo. Umthamo yokuthengisa izimoto nge imishini displacement esikhulu (ezemidlalo, ezokuzijabulisa) zazihlale kancane ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Ukuxolela abangu onobuhle ikhiqizwa 1937 kuya 1940 (851/853 / 853A / 855/951 / 951A). Lezi ukumelwa okuqinile kakhulu umshini zikhunjulwe njengoba iwuphawu sha, "Horch". Car (isithombe 1939 elise ngezansi kubonisa) wabheka okukhulu.

Ngaphezu udaba izimoto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi, Horch eqinile nakho eside emsebenzini wokukhiqiza izimoto zempi. Omunye edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa isilinganiso multi-purpose vehicle "Horch 901" isimo sezwe. Le moto lalikhishwa 1937 kuya 1940 ngoba uhlelo ukuhlomisa izimoto Wehrmacht Army-wheel drive ye ezintathu izinhlobo: ukukhanya, aphakathi nendawo kanye ezisindayo.

izinkampani kwelanga Ngemva Kwempi

Kusukela ikakhulu phakathi nawo-30 yalolucwaningo ukuphathwa inkampani Agasti Horch kwaba esisemthethweni. Yena ngokuya wahlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi, bekatsatsa eziningana izikhundla eziphezulu. Ngemva kwempi, umuzi eZwickau wahlala phezu izindawo ezazilawulwa eSoviet Union. Izinkampani abangu kukahulumeni futhi baba yingxenye IFA, nakuba isikhathi esithile bukhicite izimoto ngaphansi brand Horch, isibonelo, omele imodeli 930S.

izimoto Horch ngokulandelana kwezenzakalo

Umumo izimoto ezisetshenziswa umphakathi kungabonwa kulelithebula lelingentasi eminyakeni.

Manje uyazi umlando yale mishini emangalisayo futhi umdali wabo abanamakhono.