Amakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Indlela esiphatha ngayo umdlavuza wamaphaphu

umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyinto umdlavuza sina ukuthi manje uyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa emhlabeni. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abadala, kodwa kungenzeka nobuso futhi umuntu afe esemncane. Kwesokudla umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwenzeka kaningi ngaphezu kwesokunxele, ikakhulukazi isimila ikhulela Lobe engenhla.

Izimbangela zesifo

Ngokumangalisayo, eminyakeni ngisho eyikhulu edlule, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ivelakancane. inombolo Nokho yayiqhubeka ikhula zonke abantu abayeka elakhiwe yokwanda okungakaze kubonwe lolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Namuhla, emhlabeni wonke kuthiwa ukugqugquzela ngendlela enempilo, kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, ukubhema, futhi kungakho umthelela unomphela omubi lentuthu kagwayi emaphashini izimbangela eziyinhloko ukuthi kumkhathaze ukuthuthukiswa isifo. Ezisithinta ukubukeka umdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi carcinogens e umoya ongcolile, kodwa ngezinga elincane kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nentuthu kagwayi.

ukuhlola Izici

Minyaka yonke isibalo esikhulu abantu befa kusukela kule uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza. Ngisho nasemazweni athuthukile nge kwezempilo amaningi awakwazi ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo nalesi sifo kusho. Iqiniso liwukuthi ezimweni eziningi kuphela esigabeni unresectable Kutholwe umdlavuza wamaphaphu: metastases ukuthi basakazekela kwezinye izitho, unganikeli ithuba lokusinda. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi ukuxilongwa kungenxa Yebo asymptomatic lesi sifo, ngaphezu, lesi sifo ngokuvamile kuba iphutha okwesikhathi zokugula ezahlukene kakhulu. ochwepheshe Nokho abanekhono besebenzisa uhla oluphelele amathuluzi yesimanje zokuxilonga kungathola ukuthi isheshe itholakale kuwuphawu lwesimila; Kuleso simo amathuba okuthi yokutakula kuthiwa zanda kakhulu. isifo esibi kufanele aphathwe ngokuphelele, futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile ukwelashwa okunjalo esivuna ngamakhemikhali ukukhanya. Sizobe ukukhuluma kabanzi ngayo.

Yini lena

Amakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu sibhekiswe ukubhujiswa zamangqamuzana omdlavuza ngosizo kwemishanguzo elwa umdlavuza. lingasetshenziswa sodwa noma kuhlangene ngemisebe ukuhlinzwa. Ngo isinyathelo 4 umdlavuza wamaphaphu (metastatic ukusabalala kwezinye izitho) by nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali iqedwe ngeke bakwazi, Nokho, le ndlela yokwelashwa ingasetshenziswa ukukhulisa ukuphila isiguli. Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde isakhiwo yesimila. Ngakho, ukubekezelela ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali -small umdlavuza cell wamaphaphu cishe uyobe ngempumelelo, ngoba kuyinto ebucayi kakhulu imiphumela izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali. Kodwa cell-non-ezincane carcinoma ngokuvamile liveza ukumelana le mithi, kodwa iziguli izimila enjalo ngokuvamile kuyakhethwa isakhiwo nokunye ukwelapha.

Imiphumela emzimbeni

Futhi omunye iphethini has Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukukhanya: izidakamizwa esetshenziswa nomthelela omubi hhayi kuphela amaseli esifushane futhi ngokushesha sokuhlukanisa umdlavuza, kodwa, ngeshwa, futhi unempilo. Ngo zithinteka kakhulu ipheshana wokugaya ukudla, igazi, umnkantsha, izinwele izimpande. Mayelana neminye imiphumela emibi ukuthi akunakugwenywa lapho kwenziwa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukukhuluma kancane aphansi. Manje thina akutshele ngalokho imithi ezisetshenziswa ukubhubhisa lwesimila.

Amakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ngo samuntu ezinjalo, ukuphathwa isetshenziselwa ezingaphezu kuka ayisithupha izinhlobo izidakamizwa. Okuvame kakhulu abanjalo ejenti antineoplastic efana cisplatin, gemcitabine, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, vinorelbine. Ngokuvamile imithi ehlangana, isib, kutilolonga ukusetshenziswa ahlangene we paclitaxel futhi carboplatin, cisplatin futhi vinorelbine nokunye. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa wamaphaphu engenziwa ngokuthatha ku amalungiselelo noma ekuphathweni emthanjeni. Ezimweni eziningi, nemithi iphathwa amaconsi. Oncologist ukukhethela isilinganiso esithathwa nesineke ngayinye, esekelwe komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane yesimila futhi oyiyo. Ngemva kokudlulisa Yiqiniso ngamakhemikhali kuyinto ikhefu ekwelashweni amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, ngakho umzimba ungalulama. Izifundo aphethwe kakhulu ngendlela ayekade kuhlelwe, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye izidakamizwa ziyashintsha, ngoba njengoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokushesha futhi kalula ukuzivumelanisa imiphumela ubuthi kubo. Amakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu nayo ephelezelwa ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa imithelela emibi.

yezinkinga

Njengoba sekushiwo, kanye nezinzuzo ukuthi umzimba uthola nokusetshenziswa amakhemikhali (ngenxa ukubhujiswa amangqamuzana omdlavuza nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha kancane) njengoba sisetshenziswa futhi umonakalo. Ngemva kokudlulisa Yiqiniso lokuqala ukwelapha uqale nobunzima: ziba nohudo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, kungase kube khona izilonda ngomlomo. Izinwele emva nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali iwe ngokushesha, eziningi kangaka akukho abangakwenza njengoba phuca Bald. izimpawu zokucindezeleka ke ukuthuthukisa hematopoiesis:-hemoglobin encishisiwe nomhlophe cell segazi, khona-peripheral, kanye ujoyine ukutheleleka yesibili. Le miphumela emibi bavame ukubanga iziguli nokucindezeleka okunzima, okuyinto liwohloka izinga ukwelashwa, ngakho manje odokotela ukukhuthalele sisebenzisa izindlela ezihlukene ukuze kuxazululwe isimo iziguli. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuvimbela isicanucanu, basebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinamandla antiemetic, futhi ukuvimbela nezinwele, basuke selehlile ngaphambi ukubeka off weThrojani.

Ukudla ngalesi ukwelashwa

Lunini nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali e umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kufanele nigcine uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla. Ukudla okubalulekile abanomdlavuza singanikezwanga, kodwa ukhonjiswa ukudla unothile ngamavithamini futhi kuthuthukisa wamathumbu. Ukudla kuyadingeka ukufaka imifino eziningi, izithelo (bakwazi ukudla kokubili fresh okuphekiwe, eyosiwe in salads, steamed) kanye asanda isibambo ayo. Konke lokhu kuyoba isiguli siwumthombo omuhle kakhulu amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka udle ukudla amaprotheni (inkukhu, inhlanzi, ushizi, inyama, amaqanda, ubhontshisi, amantongomane, kwasolwandle) kanye carbohydrate (amazambane, irayisi, okusanhlamvu, pasta). Futhi wamukela yoghurts, avalele kophudingi, ukhilimu amnandi, ezihlukahlukene noshizi. Yenqaba ngesikhathi umsebenzi kufanele kube ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye okunamafutha acute ukudla, anyanisi, garlic, izinongo. Kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi yokwamukela amakhemikhali ngoba ketshezi kusiza ukususa ubuthi emzimbeni. Ngo impatho enjalo ezigulini ushintshe umbono iphunga nokunambitheka, ngakho-ke kungaba esesuthi ngingekho, kodwa ukuba azibulale noma kunjalo akunakwenzeka, udinga ukudla kaningi futhi izingxenyana ezincane. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukudla - kungcono yenqubo sokuphulukiswa, ngoba ukudla ubanika amandla ukuze alulame.

Kanjani ukuze uthumele nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kulula

Phakathi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ukwelashwa ukuba banqobe isicanucanu kwenza ukusetshenziswa yamagilebhisi noma apple juice, kanye WTO ukuphuza soda ngezikhathi ezinjalo akuvunyelwe nakancane. Ngemva kokudla Kunconywa amahora ambalwa ukuze silondoloze isikhundla ehlezi, akudingekile ukuba alale, njengoba lokhu neqhaza ukuvela isicanucanu. Amakhemikhali okwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngeke kube nemiphumela ekahle kakhulu, uma isiguli ngesikhathi ukuze uthole imizwelo eyakhayo kakhulu, kungcono cishe isimo esiyinhloko nokululama kwakhe ngokuphumelelayo. Izingxoxo nabantu osondelene nabo bomdabu, ngifunda izincwadi fun, ukubukela izinhlelo ukuzijabulisa kuzosiza ukunqoba imiphumela emibi. Isiguli kumele nawo azokhishwa amagciwane acidosis, ngoba lokhu suit kukhona izakhiwo asebenzayo ngokuthi "Bifidofilus" noma "Floradofilus", ngenxa yokwamukela kwabo kungaba ikhefu nezinwele. Lapho sebephothulile yokwelashwa ebekiwe izidakamizwa "Layver 48," iqhaza alibamba ukubuyiselwa isibindi ukwandisa elithwala umoya-mpilo.

Imiphumela yokwelashwa

Ukuphumelela ngamakhemikhali e umdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyoba ephakeme, lesi sifo itholiwe ekuseni. Okuningi kuxhomeke izimfanelo umzimba, ube nekhwalifikheshini kodokotela, imishini Cancer Centre, lapho ukwelashwa wenziwa. Iziguli eziningi kutihlanganisa ngobucayi umthelela ngamakhemikhali emibi, kodwa sibi. Oncology Modern unaka kakhulu ekulweni yezinkinga le ndlela, futhi namanje enqabayo imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kakhulu. Kodwa akufanele sikhohlwe iqiniso lokuthi zingezesikhashana, futhi ngokushesha uzonyamalala, futhi kamuva nempilo bajabule, ukwazi ukubekezelela noma ibuphi ubunzima!