Ama-Antonyms - yikuphi lokhu?

Ama-antonyms aphikisana nomunye nomunye , kodwa ayingxenye efanayo yamagama okukhuluma. Babenemibhalo ehlukene nokubhala. Ukunquma ukuthi incazelo ephikisanayo iyinto elula kakhulu komunye, kwanele ukunikeza uhlobo lokungabi namuntu. Isibonelo, ukuphikisana ngqo egameni lokusho - ukungathuli, ukudabuka - hhayi ukujabula nokunye. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula ngokuningiliziwe umqondo "wezingqinamba" futhi ufunde izinhlobo zazo.

Ulwazi jikelele

Ngenxa yobuningi bolimi lwesiRussia, kunezinhlayiyana eziningi nobuqili kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yenkulumo. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi izincwadi eziningi zezilimi zifundiswa ezikoleni nakwezinye izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme.

1. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokuphathelene nokuhlanganiswa kwezinyunithi zezilimi, izilinganiso zegama elifanayo ziyahlukahluka ezimweni ezahlukene. Isibonelo: i-boar endala - ibhumba elincane, imoto endala - imoto entsha, ushizi omdala - ushizi omusha nokunye okunjalo.
2. Ama-Antonyms awakho kuwo wonke ama-lexical unit. Awukho, ngokwesibonelo, amagama agcoba, ukufaka, incwadi nokunye.
3. Isici esiyinhloko ukuphikiswa kwamagama, okusho ukuthi:

• Izimpawu zendaba ( ezihlakaniphile - eziphukuphuku, ezimbi - ezihle) ;
• Izenzakalo zomphakathi nezemvelo ( ithalenta - i-mediocrity, ukushisa okubandayo );
• Amazwe nezenzo ( ukuxuba - ukuqoqa, ukhohlwa - khumbula ).

Izinhlobo zezingqinamba

Ahlukile ekwakheni.

• Izithasiselo ezizenzekelayo ziyizinto eziphambene nencazelo, kodwa zinezimpande eyodwa. Isibonelo: uthando - ukungathandi, ukuqhubeka - lungisa . Zakhiwa ngokunamathisela okunamathiselwe (okungenjalo, ngaphandle / c-, re-, de-, njalonjalo).
• Ama-antonyms kaRaznokornevye angamazwi afana nencazelo futhi ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo: ezinkulu - ezincane, ezimnyama - ezimhlophe .

Ngaso leso sikhathi, izinhlobo zezilwane zokuqala zihlukaniswa futhi: izilinganiso-ama-euphmisms (ngokwethembeka ukuveza okuphambene, umehluko, isibonelo: okuphawulekayo - okungabalulekile) ne-enantiosis (ukuphikisa okucacile ngegama elifanayo, isibonelo: ukubuka (ngomqondo wokubona) nokubuka (ngomqondo Yeqa).

Futhi, elinye iqembu lihlukaniswa: izimpikiswano zenkambiso ngamazwi ahluke ngencazelo kuphela esimweni esithile. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni komlobi: wayengenaso amehlo - namehlo .

Okushiwo ukuphikisana kunjengokulandelayo.

• Ngokuphambene: zikhomba ubukhulu bezenzo, izenzakalo noma izimpawu. Njengomthetho, phakathi kwalezi zinkondlo umuntu angafaka igama ngencazelo yokungathathi hlangothi: injabulo - ukunganakwa - ukudabuka, okuhle - ukunganaki - okungalungile.
• I-Vector: zikhomba izinkomba ezahlukene: gqoka - susa, vula - vala.
• Okuphikisanayo: khombisa ubuciko bezinto, izenzakalo kanye nezimfanelo, ngasinye esingafaki esinye. Phakathi kwabo ukubeka igama elingathathi hlangothi akunakwenzeka: kwesokudla - kwesokunxele.

Imisebenzi yezingqinamba

Emshweni lo mshwana udlala indima yesitayela futhi usetshenziselwa ukwenza inkulumo evelele kakhulu. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswe njenge-antithesis (umehluko, umehluko). Isibonelo: "Ubani owayengekho, lokho kuzoba konke". Ngezinye izikhathi izimpikiswano zenza i-oxymoron (isakhi esingenakuqedwa). Isibonelo: "Iqhwa elishisayo", "Ukuphila isidumbu".

Ama-antonyms ayasetshenziselwa kakhulu amagama asemisebenzini, kodwa nangezaga kanye namazwi.