Abaculi Spanish - amasafire ilanga yezwe lenkaba yawo

Isikhova i-great abaculi Spanish emsebenzini wabo lithinta izindikimba ezithinta wonke umuntu, ngakho Amagama abo kwakungu emakhulwini eminyaka. Kusukela u-El Greco, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa ayisishiyagalolunye lokhu okuyinhloko, owayehlala kusukela XVI ku-XX leminyaka. I izimbali eliphakeme eminyakeni XVII. Uma kungenjalo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-Golden. Le nkathi Baroque.

ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha

Eyokuqala ngubani bamdumisa esikoleni iSpanishi, wayengumGreki Domenico Theotokopoulos (1541-1614), owayebizwa ngokuthi eSpain ngo-El Greco. Ngalezo zinsuku njalo ashisiwe omlilo of izihlubuki. Ngakho-ke, izingqikithi wokuziphilisa neze wathinta. Iyizeli kanye mural imidwebo - uhlobo imifanekiso imiBhalo Engcwele. Kodwa kufanele kube khona ngokucophelela. imithi yesintu edingekayo.

El Greco ihlanganisa izindikimba ezingokwenkolo ubuhle amazing kanye nobukhazikhazi isixazululo umbala, obulandela ukubonakala Baroque. Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti, "abaphostoli, uPetru noPawulu," (1582-592), lilondolozwe Russia. Lowo mdwebo elula futhi bengafundile Rybak Petr futhi umdali emfundisweni yobuKristu sonke bagogoda uPawulu Yiqiniso, iBhayibheli. UbuKristu ekhulwini lokuqala, wathandwa izinhliziyo zonke uthando analo ngabantu, esiza abantulayo ngobulula - kwanele Ukholwa, nanoma ubani, wafundiswa futhi hhayi, abanothile noma abampofu, waba umKristu. abaculi Spanish Sesifunde okuningi kusukela umdwebi, has a style esiyingqayizivele ezihlobene nesifo iso. Nokho, isikhathi eside umdwebo wakhe kwaba ukhohliwe futhi balithola kamuva namakhulu eminyaka amathathu.

Baroque - Golden Age

Njengoba kuphi, ubuKatolika luhlala luqinile, eqinisweni, limelela amandla amakhulu nezinzima, edinga abantu ukuze bahlabele izifiso ngezokwenyama nezinjabulo nokucwiliswa egcwele namasiko enkolo. abaculi Spanish ezifana Jose Ribera (1591-1652), Francisco Surbaran (1598-1664), Diego Velaskes (1599-1660) kanye Bartolomeo Murillo (1617-1682) omele eyinhloko kulesi sikhathi. Ziyasazi imisebenzi Caravaggio, okuyinto has nethonya elikhulu kubo, hhayi namanje-Lifes zabo, futhi izinga akuqonda ngalo kuyini ukufa nokuthi eduze kangakanani nabo ekuphileni.

Spanish Abadwebi Ribera futhi Zurbaran

Lokhu kuhlobana Kuthi ezingafanele. Painting Jose Ribera (1591-1652) ihlukanisa izifundo ezihambisana martyrdom kanye okungokwemvelo esithombeni nezinhlamvu ongcwele ukuhlupheka asuselwa ezinganekwaneni kanye esihluke obangelwa ukukhanya nethunzi. Francisco Zurbaran (1598-1664) imidwebo engcono, lyricism yakhe ngesineke, kudala esikhathini esiyiminyaka engu-30 ngekhulu XVI. Ngo-1662,, ebhala uthando "Madonna and Child nge Saint likaJohane uMbhapathizi."

Isithombe eliqhakazile ingane esikhungweni laqanjwa elula zemvelo, ngokushesha ayimkhangi njengoba ubuso emnene of Madonna, futhi izingubo segolide ukuguqa kaJohane, esemgwaqweni ezinyaweni imvu ezimhlophe ezingokomfanekiso. Owamvusa ungumalusi le emihlambi emikhulu ababekholwa nguye. Zurbaran ubhala kuphela imvelo - kuba isimiso sokusebenzisa nalokho izithunzi ejulile futhi ekukhanyeni okunamandla. Zurbarán wayengumngane umculi brilliant Diego Velaskesom, ababemsiza ukuba ne-oda. abaculi Spanish wafuna ukuba basekelane.

Velazquez (1599-1660)

Ekuqaleni, umdwebi-Spanish Diego Velaskes, abahlala Seville, usebenza okuningi isigcawu uhlobo, kanye phezu imidwebo ziyimifanekiso. Kodwa sebelazi imidwebo Italian eqoqweni bobukhosi okushintshiwe kakhulu imibono yakhe yobuhle. It kushintsha umbala kungasho esiliva, wabe ukusula amathoni. Nge nobunzima obukhulu wakwazi ukuthola isihlalo umdwebi enkantolo. Kodwa Korol filipp IV sisheshe sizazise isipho umculi abasha, okwathi kamuva wadala ekumeni asebukhosini. Apex babe imidwebo emibili emsebenzini wakhe, yokuzamazama kuze kube manje, ngaphambi nezincazelo eziningi wabeka phansi kubo umculi. Kuba "Las Meninas" (1656), okusho ukuthi, retinue yizikhonzi ngesikhathi izindlalifa bobukhosi eziya esihlalweni sobukhosi, futhi "Spinners" (1658).

Ngo "Las Meninas" Uma unganakile kubonakala elula. Egumbini okukhulu Infanta abasha, sizungezwe nezincekukazi udumo, welungu, dwarfs ezimbili, inja futhi umculi. Kodwa ngemva umdwebi ebodeni kuthé nesibuko okutshengisa inkosi nendlovukazi. Lapho, mbhanqwana wasebukhosini egumbini noma cha - kungcono enye yezinto eziyimpicabadala. Akhona namanye amaningi ku-athikili okukhulu. Futhi akukho imfumbe eyodwa alwethiwa impendulo ecacile.

Ngu Francisco Goya ukuba Dali

Wazalelwa e Zaragoza, Goya (1746-1828) baba isikhulu segceke umdwebi, kodwa ke olahlekelwa yiwo futhi uthola isikhundla okuphambene-umqondisi Academy of Arts. Kuphakathi njengoba Goya usebenza opopayi kanzima futhi fast, ukudala i-tapestries, ekumeni, isonto ngesineke, yena uveza izithombe lombhishobhi e Valencia. Usebenza kanzima kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe futhi abaningi, obuhlukahlukene njengenkosi yabo, ayesuka ukukhanya iholide iculo ngemibala ocebile futhi abukhali esimisweni okusheshayo, futhi uma kuyintando imidwebo, ebumnyameni benyukumele.

umdwebo esikoleni eSpain akafi, kodwa umculi esilandelayo Umdwebo iSpanishi, inkosi enkulu, izovela 1881. Lokhu Picasso. Yini akaphathwanga umsebenzi wakhe. Lokhu "blue" nezikhathi "pink", futhi cubism, futhi surrealism, futhi Pacifism. Ngawo wonke umsebenzi wakhe kuwufanele indida ezicashile kanye nesifiso ukudayisa. Futhi wayazi ukuthi ukudweba. Ukudala esikhathini Cubist, ekumeni of othandekayo wakhe, okuyinto bethengiswa njengezinkomo amakhekhe esishisayo, yena wawubhala isitayela okwangempela. Futhi kuphela ngokuba umuntu ocebileyo, yena waba avume ukudweba, njengoba ufisa.

I-Concise umsebenzi wakhe "Don Quixote" (1955). Yena ngokubonakalayo yena knight, Squire wakhe, ihhashi, imbongolo kanye ambalwa windmills. Don Quixote ungukukhanya, isisindo, futhi Rocinante - cishe isikhwama amathambo. Ngokuphambene, Sancho kwesokunxele - black isisindo esindayo. Nakuba kokubili izibalo akhona, ukudweba egcwele ukunyakaza. Lines esinomdlandla, esimnandi ogcwele amahlaya.

Akwaziwa ome njengeqanda umculi Spanish Salvador Dali. I konke indoda kwaba ukudayiswa. Futhi imidwebo kanye Diaries, namabhuku. Isimo ngokwakhe wenza sibonga usizo lisebenza ngumkayo Elena Dyakonova, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Gala. Wayengumngane muse yakhe futhi umphathi. Ukuhlanganiswa kwabo kwaba yimpumelelo kakhulu ngokuya kwezohwebo.

Ephetha kule esihlokweni umdwebi odumile iSpanishi, kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi bonke babethembele amasafire ilanga eSpain, ubuntu.