Zone Kwezomnotho Kasilika eya. Action Plan ukwakhiwa kwendawo kwezomnotho we Silk Road

China ethulwa amazwe esifundeni Eurasia iphrojekthi entsha nejabulisayo ngokuthi "ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road." Kuyinto omunye emikhulu amaphrojekthi kwezomnotho hhayi kuphela eminyakeni yamuva, i-Lomqondo uye waba wokuvelela kakhulu. Ingqikithi oyinhloko uhlelo ukufuna ubuhlobo letihlomulisa esikhathini eside. zone Economic we Silk Road okuhambisana ngokugcwele mikhuba emisha global maqondana kwembulunga yonke futhi kufanele sikhuthaze Kuhlanganiswe amazwe esifundeni Eurasia. ukuvezwa Kulindeleke of yokusimamisa umnotho ngamunye uMbuso ukuba bathathe ingxenye yale project.

Indlela Bonke baqala?

EPSHP nucleus kuyinto inhlangano SCO, okuyinto ekuqaleni umuntu wadalwa ngenxa kwalolu hlelo oluthile. Ukuhlanganisa ngamandla futhi ngokushesha athuthukile. Ngesikhathi SCO uye ixazululwe kancane, kwathatha indlela entsha ekuthuthukiseni, sesiye esiphuthumayo ileveli entsha nokuxhumana phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili. A indima enkulu lolu daba kungokwalabo China, njengoba wenza umdali SCO ngo-2001 futhi ezihlongozwayo indlela okusalungiswa uqobo ngo-2013. Esemthethweni isethulo yephrojekthi senzeka ngo Kazakhstan, September 7, 2013, ngesikhathi inkulumo uMongameli Xi Jinping enikeza inkulumo eyunivesithi.

izenzo langempela

Kakade ngoNovemba 29 lapho kutadishwa iphrojekthi wathatha akhuthele SCO. Ensimini ka Tashkent owawuse umhlangano 13 ilandelana phakathi kwamazwe ilungu, lapho bexoxa nezindaba eziphathelene partnership ezokuthutha. Kuyinto kulomhlangano okokuqala emlandweni, futhi ubuhanjelwe yilabo abamele ka naseYurophu eMaphakathi neseMpumalanga. Izinkulumo kuholele uhlelo wokubambisana iminyaka 5. Ochwepheshe bezifo, kuyothiwa kwakhiwa EPSHP emadolobheni 24 abavela emazweni angu-8 ahlukene. Septhemba 26, 2014 at yisithangami kwezomnotho e Xi'an kuxoxwa ngezindaba lekusisa ubambiswano, liye wajuba yi reorientation ka notshwala utshalomali. Nge ukuntula dolobha wezizwe West, kukhona isamba ngokweqile kubo e-Asia.

ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke Usilika: ukwaneliseka ngokwazi ukuthi izithakazelo emazweni amaningi ngesikhathi esifanayo

Ithemba lokuthi izithembiso ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road, ebizwa ngokuthi Amathrendi emhlabeni. Ukugqugquzela indima emazweni asathuthuka e-"injini" yomnotho womhlaba ngaphansi kwesimo isimo post-esibucayi. Kulolu daba, inkinga kuthinta-BRICS uthi. Russia udlala indima umholi endaweni Eurasia. China sinephethini kwisihloko umholi emhlabeni Asian. Izwe eveza nesithakazelo esikhethekile ukuthuthukiswa nokuzinza ezintaba zase-Eurasia, ilungele ngenkuthalo esivivaneni ekuchumeni kwezinceku esifundeni. Ngo parallel, nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile (USA kanye EU) kancane kancane ubhuquze esibucayi futhi behileleke nakwezamabhizinisi ukuhanjiswa zone umthelela. Russia nase China akazange wahlanganyela ekwakheni usithonye esifundeni ngamabomu. zone Kwezomnotho Kasilika eya, ngokusho kombiko wokulungiselela, kufanele wanelise izithakazelo ngayinye uthi esuke ukuhamba ngayo.

Ukuvela abaholi abasha futhi ukwanda nokubambisana

Le phrojekthi bazivumelanisa ukuvela abaholi bezwe, okuholela ukuvela izikhungo ezintsha asebenzayo ukuthuthukiswa komnotho. ithonya Global kancane kancane ukuguquguquka yahlukene nentshonalanga, okuyinto ababhekana ezikhathini ezinzima, empumalanga ngenkuthalo ochumayo. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo emhlabeni ukuthuthukiswa komnotho kancane kancane ithatha isikhala phakathi i-Eurasia yayigcwele kanye Asia-Pacific esifundeni, okuholela isidingo amasu amasha ngokubambisana. Shintsha nezinezimo ithonya, futhi izici ukuchuma kwezomnotho emhlabeni, ephoqa amazwe amaningi ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi zabo zakwamanye amazwe. Udaba ukukhathazeka hhayi kuphela kumiswa nabo abasha kwezomnotho, sihlobana lwemali Izinyunyana entsha. Esikhathini esizayo, badinga ukusiza nokuxazulula izinkinga zamazwe omhlaba: kwethonya elinamandla dollar phezu komnotho cishe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni.

Ukwakhiwa kwaleli "Silk Road"

Action Plan ukwakhiwa kwendawo kwezomnotho we Silk Road kuhlanganisa ngokuyinhloko izwe ngokwakha imigwaqo emikhulu entsha kanye nokwenza ngcono akhona. Inqubo sokubhaliswa inethiwekhi ezokuthutha luzoqala ukusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe ezintsha. Esikhathini esizayo, njengengxenye indlela kuyoba Inethiwekhi yomhlabajikelele yama-high-speed ezibanzi. Eqinisweni, yeChina eminyakeni yamuva nje iye sakhombisa inqubekela phambili ebonakalayo kule ndawo, seyibe umholi ezweni emkhakheni ukwakhiwa komgwaqo. Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe Chinese sihlelelwe okukhipha emazweni angaphandle. Le phrojekthi uqobo ukubeka phambili yi-China, kanye nokuqaliswa kwalo oyokwenziwa beqondiswa okuqinile Beijing. Ngokwakha imigwaqo emikhulu kuzokhuthaza nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda. Endleleni izovela izindawo. Kulindeleke ukuba ukwandisa Logistics kanye nezokuvakasha, ukuvela imisebenzi eminingi emisha. Konke lokhu kuzoholela diversification kuya denationalization komnotho, kuyoba imfuneko sokuthuthukiswa izifunda.

Awekho amathrendi esidlule noma imigqa kubasekeli

Buyisela ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road ngeke uzibophele amazwe esifundeni kuphela eChina naseRussia. It is kuhlelwe ukuze uhlanganise amazwe ahlukene Eurasia, kuzobalwa kuphela ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana ezingeni lesifunda. Ngokwesibonelo, SCO sekuyisikhathi eside umhubhe yadalwa, ndawonye amazwe ezifana Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan futhi Tajikistan. Inqubomgomo efanayo okuphishekelwayo eNingizimu eCaucasus. Yilapho-ke kuqede ukwakhiwa kojantshi Baku-Akhalkalaki-Kars ujantshi, esesikhundleni ukubaluleka amasu ngempumelelo. zone Economic Silk Road sizonikeza ezokuthutha kanye nengqalasizinda ukuthuthukiswa, okuzokwenza ukwandisa kwenkululeko nokubambisana-aspect ukuhweba. Isimo inikeza izinzuzo ezithile eChina, okuyinto njengoba omunye abakhiqizi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni eyaziwa. Ikhono ukuhambisa bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene uyonika ukuzethemba okwenza ukuthi ukuchuma esifundeni esisempumalanga.

uhlelo lwezezimali hhayi kuphela

Ngokwe okusalungiswa, okuyinto wethulwa China, zonke izindawo phakathi uthi ngaphakathi esifundeni oyokwenziwa hhayi zamadola, nohlobo lwemali kazwelonke. Leli gama kufanele kube ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kwezombusazwe nokuphepha komphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuze esifundeni, okuyinto manje benenkinga destabilization. Le phrojekthi has amahle futhi ngenxa yokuthi izwe ekugcineni nethuba waphinda abambisane iSoviet Union iwa eSoviet Union. Abaphila Besikhathi ungabukela ukunyakaza Translational kwezifunda. Kufeza ezandleni ukufana zomlando, amasiko kanye civilizational phakathi kwamazwe.

Documentary isici sale nkinga

Mashi 28, 2013 khona ngokomthetho ethulwa amadokhumenti, osuvele olwakhiwe izimiso zakho nezinto eziza kuqala, ukubambisana phakathi kohlaka EPSHP iphrojekthi okuhloswe ngaso nokuhlanganisa ubudlelwane ezingeni lesifunda, okuhloswe ngaso umsebenzi inselele ukuchuma esizayo. Yezinjongo eziyinhloko iphrojekthi - iwukuba ukugqugquzela ukugeleza izinkinga zomnotho, zokwabiwa kwezinsiza kusebenza, futhi ijulile emakethe ukuhlanganiswa ngokuqinisa ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi Asia, e-Afrika naseYurophu. isimo ngasinye ungenza igalelo lalo ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road. Amadokhumenti omthetho baye wabiza nokudidiyela kwezombangazwe, ekuthuthukiseni izixhumanisi ingqalasizinda, ukuhweba khulula nokuhlanganiswa zezimali. China uhlela ukusebenzisa izinzuzo esifundeni ngayinye, ehlelekile okwandisa izinga obala ekuxhumaneni ezijulile kokubili ngaphakathi ezweni kanye ezingeni uhlamvu ngamazwe. China ilungele ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa nohlobo nokuqukethwe isinyathelo, ukuthuthukisa ukuqaliswa amasheduli futhi kuhlelwe ukudala ukubambisana ikhadi elisha namazwe iqhaza. ekwakhiweni ahlangene isu lokwenza yanyatheliswa izinsuku ezintathu nje ngaphambi kosuku kulethwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze ujoyine i-Asian ukutshala izimali kuzingqalasizinda isikhungo sezezimali. Kuyinto lokhu inhlangano ikhredithi zenziwe ngezimali amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda lesifunda.

Yini ekhethekile ngale iphrojekthi?

Le "ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road" - ngamazwi Abadali zayo - hhayi ngokusekelwe isu geopolitical. EPSHP alinazo ne-European Union kanye Customs Union. Ingqikithi oyinhloko umbono - wokudidiyela amasu ka abalingani, ubudlelwano phakathi okuyinto kwakheka emakhulwini. sivumelwano Paper ngaphakathi Union akubalulekile kangako. zone Economic entsha Silk Road akusho afune ubani futhi akusho ukuthi kulandelwe ukuhlanganiswa. Le phrojekthi kufanele kube isisekelo sokubambisana ezinezithelo, kodwa hhayi isizathu ukuvela izingxabano entsha. Uma ubheka umhlaba wonke, China ilungele ukusebenzisa ukwakhiwa ingqalasizinda futhi udale ngokoqobo entsha kwezomnotho. isithakazelo China ukufezwa umbono kusekelwe isifiso ukuthuthukisa izifunda entshonalanga yezwe, wandise silinganise umnotho wethu.

EPSHP njengoba isigaba ukuhlanganiswa global

zone Kwezomnotho Kasilika eya futhi Maritime Silk Road akuwona umphumela izifiso luyingxenye zezombusazwe. Kuyinto uhlobo ukuqhubeka engokwemvelo kabusha China. Le phrojekthi wethulwa eside ngaphambi mzuzu ke, Xi kusho isikhulu. IsiShayina akwazi ukubamba okwamanje ukuqala ngokubambisana yimpumelelo zesifunda, ngaphandle okuyinto ukuhlangana nezwe lesimanje, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga ayizwakali. Siyabonga ekuqiniseni esifike nokubambisana kwezomnotho namandla nge Central uthi Asian, China isibe isikhungo EPSHP parallel ukuqinisa isimo ongenisa elikhulu Russian.

zone wezoMnotho kanye Russia

It asiyeki kubonakale njengendlela endaweni lungaba ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road Russia. Cooperation, kodwa kunalokho, izinzuzo zako kanye izitayela kuzoxoxwa ngoMeyi 2015. I kungenzeka ukuxhumana phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili cishe bayothi kwaxoxiswana ngayo phakathi zemibuso esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Isitatimende somhlangano kungenzeka babevela Isekela uNdunankulu Igor Shuvalov. Russia, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi usuku lomhlangano ingakamiswa esimisiwe, umemezele ukungabuyeli kuphrojekthi. zone Kwezomnotho Kasilika Road, eRussia kungabi kude kangaka, ngaphezu, isimo unesithakazelo amathuba amasha futhi izinkomba entsha yentuthuko kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali.

Imiphi imisebenzi ziyoxazululwa?

Yiziphi imibono ochwepheshe? On ibhande kwezomnotho we Silk Road, bathi ngobusuku bangaphambi ukuqaliswa kwe-project uzodinga ukuze kubhekwane nezinselelo ezithile ezingukhiye. Lokhu ngemibono ku izici ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, lapho kufanele ukusiza ukuthola amaphuzu Cishe yezimpi. yokwakha ehlelelwa izinhlelo ukuze uziqede futhi ekuqaleni ubunye lamazwe ikhumbula zezombangazwe, kwezomthetho nakwezomnotho. Transit nekambiso yeenthuthi esikhathini esizayo ukuxhuma uthi Asia Ephakathi futhi China, izoxhumanisa esifundeni Afrika naseYurophu. It is kuhlelwe ukuba kancane kancane futhi njalo ukunciphisa bese aluqede ngokuphelele uhwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali imingcele ephakathi bonke abahlanganyeli EPSHP. Kuyoba nendima ebalulekile ekuvezweni kutshalozimali kanye ukuhweba ezingaba ezahlukene zezwe ngalinye.