Yiziphi imisebenzi isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi?

Igazi nezinye lomzimba ezifana lymph, izicubu uketshezi, bakha imvelo yangaphakathi. Igazi okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi izicubu zezinzwa, ngenxa phylogenetically kanye lokuthenga wawubumba is kusuka amayunithi embryonic zezinzwa izicubu - mesenchyme. Ihlelo lokukhambisa iingazi inethiwekhi yegazi kanye izimbotshana inhliziyo, okuyiwona kukhona kwegazi njalo futhi okuqhubekayo yegazi. Yini isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi? Ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo, ungabhala indatshana, ngoba umsebenzi isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi zihlukene. Lokhu ezokuthutha izinto ezibalulekile futhi compounds eziphila abakhuthele ezinikeza amandla ukuqhubeka zonke kwamangqamuzana nezicubu zomzimba womuntu, kubalulekile negesi lokushintshisana umsebenzi iwukuba silondoloze osmotic ingcindezi futhi amaprotheni amafraktjhini, afundwa kakhulu egazini. Ukuze abantu kwegazi uhlelo imisebenzi futhi uyalandisa nethonya eyanele yezici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle okuzivikela ezazizovikela umzimba kusuka izinto ezithwala izifo nezinye alien angaphandle izakhi ngamunye ethile.

Ihlelo lokukhambisa iingazi akakwazi ukuthatha indawo ukube bekungengenxa ye-njalo, okuqhubekayo kuyo yonke impilo ukugeleza kwegazi, ngokuthi kwegazi extracorporeal. Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezingenakubalwa (imithambo ezinkulu, imithambo arteriole, ama-capillary kanye ama-venule), kanye uhlelo lymph bakha uhlelo olulodwa semithambo zomzimba womuntu. Imisebenzi isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi kuhlanganisa nokususa imikhiqizo ye namachibi nezinye ukusabela ezenzeka inqubo umzimba, okuyinto abe yingozi kakhulu futhi ezinobuthi walezinto cell, uma kungukuthi excreted eleminirovat. timphawu tesakhiwo igazi kudala isiqondiso humoral , futhi unikeze ukulawula ngokuphelele imisebenzi yonke izibilini zesimiso ngasinye ezimisweni.

Igazi, njengendlela material izidakamizwa isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi inezingxenye ezimbili: uketshezi noma uketshezi olungenambala olusegazini, kanye iqhude kwakheka izakhi ezomile (izinhlayiya zegazi, leukocyte futhi erythrocyte). Isilinganiso yalamafrakhishini ngokwesilinganiso 1: 1.5, futhi ungumnikazi 40% Amaphesenti plasma bese corpuscles 60% lonke igazi. Plasma (uketshezi ingxenye) iyithuluzi begazi iyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyingqayizivele, 90% okuyinto amanzi. Labo abasele abanga-10% we-plasma zenzeka amaprotheni, amino acid, izakhiwo yezimbiwa, glucose, sesikhashana izinhlelo, ama-hormone, amagesi asekela isimiso siphela, amavithamini, ama-enzyme, njll

Umsebenzi sokuhamba kwegazi ukunikeza amasosha omzimba humoral elihlobene ne -plasma. Mayelana izici kwakhiwa kumele ukuthi banayo imisebenzi emithathu ehlukene kakhulu: kusuka obomvu egazi - ukuphefumula, e-leukocyte - Avikelayo e-platelet - ekunqandeni.

Abomvu egazi ibe sombala ezibalulekile yensimbi-equkethe, okuthiwa i-hemoglobin. It eheha ukuthuthwa-oksijini evela emoyeni ngaphandle emangqamuzaneni namaseli e-carbon dioxide kuyinto okukhiphayo imvelo bangaphandle. Kukhona izinhlobo eziningana amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, futhi ngamunye kubo has a umsebenzi obalulekile. Zakha amasosha omzimba cell aqashwe, e kusilela yabo ekuthuthukiseni isimo sokugembula eziyingozi, isibonelo esiphawulekayo okuyinto HIV. ikhono ekunqandeni kanye aggregation izakhiwo esingokwemvelo kuphela zegazi, ukuntula yayo ebangela ukopha normal, zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, kanye ngokweqile kungabangela amahlule ukuthi clog mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi yegazi futhi uvimbele ukugeleza kwegazi.

Kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi, indima yayo ekuphileni kwebantfu akunakuphikwa.