Ama-platelet I: izinga ngenxa yabesilisa igazi

Ama-platelet I - a amaseli non-zenuzi bunjwa eyindilinga nge ububanzi 2-4 microns (micrometer). Lezi amaseli, ngaphezu leukocyte nama-platelet kukhona igazi corpuscles. Ziyakwazi ngokuthi platelet. Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi egazini zimumethe platelet ovuthiwe - mayelana 87% cell yabo endala - 4.5% futhi abasha noma beya - 3.2%. isikhathi nokuvuthwa we-platelet ngokwesilinganiso luthatha izinsuku 8. Ziyakwazi esegazini 9 kuya ku-11 izinsuku platelet.

Sivamile amadoda, abesifazane nezingane kuyoba ukuhluka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi engu-umuntu ngokuya zishintsha. Ngokuvamile igazi ukuhlaziywa kanye leucocytes, i-hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation isilinganiso (ESR) kanye ifomula leukocytic kuhlanganisa inkomba ezifana nama-platelet. wesilisa ovamile la mangqamuzana ivela 180 kuya 400 billion ilitha.

Lapho akhiwa futhi libhujiswe?

Ama-platelet I akhiwa amangqamuzana enkulu megakaryocytes, okuyinto cishe ngokuphelele egcwele cytoplasm. Lokhu amaseli enkulu umnkantsha. Emini, kwakheka umzimba platelet entsha ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 70 - platelet. izingcezwana ezincane megakaryocyte cytoplasm ehlukana nokuthi niyotshela lingene egazini - kwakhiwa izinhlayiya zegazi. Ngemva kwalokho, la mangqamuzana abavuthiwe, yenze imisebenzi yabo, futhi ngaphezu 9-11 izinsuku libhujiswa ngo ubende. Lokhu umzimba unesibopho exclusion izakhi igazi wakhiwa isakhiwo eziphukile, ngimdala.

Omunye megakaryocyte zingase zimiswe phambi platelet 8000. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa umnkantsha kumaseli emzimbeni ukuphendula ama-hormone ikakhulukazi - thrombopoietin, okuyinto kwemiqondo kule isibindi, izinso, futhi imisipha lwamathambo. Kusuka lapho ngemithambo yegazi ke engena obomvu umnkantsha. Futhi ulawula kumiswa megakaryocytes nama-platelet. Nge ukwanda zegazi kwenzeka okusithiyayo of synthesis thrombopoietin hormone.

izakhiwo bokuphila

Ama-platelet I ukudlala indima ebalulekile izinqubo bokuphila. Zenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Kokuqala stop ukopha.
• Ukulondoloza ithoni semithambo kanye permeability.
• ukuphendula Avikelayo.
• Bekanye leukocyte abathintekayo ukuyiqeda izinqubo ukuvuvukala.
• Ekulondolozeni igazi esimweni liquid.

Kodwa iningi waveza umsebenzi wabo hemostatic. Lapho umkhumbi igazi lilimele reflex olugcwele mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi. kwakhiwa Ama-platelet I uxhumana collagen (coalescence yabo kwenzeka) kanye ihlule legazi is egqugquzela hemostasis.

Yini sithinta le platelet ukubala?

Ake sizwe lokho kuthinta inkomba ezifana nama-platelet. Sivamile amadoda kancane kunakunoma abesifazane nezingane. On ibala platelet, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ku kokubili ngabantwana nangabantu abadala abathintekayo ngobudala. Ngakho, ngo-usana uhla evamile ye-platelet libanzi impela futhi zokhahlamba kusuka 100 kuya 420 x 10 ⁹ / L (bn / l). Lokhu ukushintshashintsha ihlobene yokuthi isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi ezinsaneni ingahlalisekanga kakhulu nama-platelet, kanye nezinye amaseli egazi, amemezela ngentshiseko ukuthuthukisa futhi bafe. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube unyaka.

Isibalo izinhlayiyana zegazi kungase kudingeke kwemizwelo ngezinkathi ezithile zonyaka, lenyuka emva ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba futhi ube iyehla iyenyuka nsuku zonke.

platelet sivamile amadoda, abesifazane, izingane

Uzijwayeze imithetho ukuthi amadoda, abesifazane nezingane, kuye ngokuthi yobudala kungaba ethebuleni elingezansi.

Eminye imithombo wabonisa ukuthi izinga platelet e amadoda kuze kube ngu-320 x 10 ⁹ / l. Kufana kancane idatha yisikhathi.

Ama-platelet I: izinga ezingabantu

Kwehliswe ukubaluleka kungahle wobulili namandla ngemva kweminyaka engu-60. Kuye yobudala ezinye ukuhlaziywa jikelele igazi imingcele zingase zishintshe. Lokhu kusebenza futhi isilinganiso esinjalo, njengoba nama-platelet. Uthola amadoda abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-lokhu ipharamitha kucacisiwe kulelithebula.

Lapho isikhulile, inani zegazi ingavuthi kancane. Leli thebula libonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ungawukhipha kanjani iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi engu-izinga inkomba njengoba nama-platelet. Uthola amadoda engu-60 kancane encishisiwe kuqhathaniswa amanani abantu abasha.

Lisho ukuthini lizinga lelitfutfukile zegazi?

I ukuhlaziywa jikelele igazi , kanye hemoglobin, okuthathwe leucocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate leukocyte ukubala kuyinto kuyinkomba ebaluleke, nama-platelet. amadoda Jwayelekile babe egazini labo kuze kube 400, abesifazane - kuze kufinyelele 380 x 10 ⁹ / l. Uma lesi sibalo okuningi kunalokho ke isifo okuthiwa i thrombocytosis. Lokhu kungadala eyengeziwe igazi ekunqandeni. Kepha akusimina kodwa symptomatically kubonakala khona. Ngokuvamile wembula ngengozi - ngaleso sikhathi kwegazi jikelele ngesikhathi kuhlolwa isimiso. Thrombocytosis singenzeka ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:

• izinqubo Oncological.
• Mielofiboz.
• izinqubo ukuvuvukala Okungalapheki.
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo.
• Isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• Eritromiya (wegazi ezingelapheki).
• Ngemva ukususwa ubende (splenectomy).
• Uma insimbi ukuntula igazi.
• Ngenxa yalokho yokusetshenziswa nokunwetshiwe imithi ethile, njengengcebo corticosteroids.

Zonke lezi zifo kungabangela ukwanda kwalesi inkomba, njengoba nama-platelet. Kuyinsakavukela egazini amadoda ngokuvamile kancane kunaleyo abesifazane nezingane. A ukwanda kancane platelet kungenzeka ngemva kokuzivivinya olunzulu. Leli akulona egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngemva lonke, lesi sibalo kuza emuva evamile. Thrombocytosis kuyinto zamabanga aphansi naphezulu.

thrombocytosis Primary Izimbangela

Okuxhunyanwa Imiphumela thrombocytosis kusuka iziyaluyalu hematopoiesis (ukwakheka kanye nokuvuthwa kwamangqamuzana egazi), umnkantsha stem cells. Izizathu kungaba:

• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia.
• Eritromiya.
• Okungalapheki wegazi myeloid.
• ukonakala Fibrotic ka umnkantsha (myelofibrosis).
• thrombocythemia Idiopathic, ukubala platelet kungase kukhule ku 4.000.

Secondary thrombocytosis Izimbangela

thrombocytosis Secondary eba ngenxa izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo (izifo) ukuthi kuphazamisa emizimbeni krovetvoritelnyh. Imbangela ezivame kakhulu thrombocytosis yesibili yazo amagciwane.

izimbangela thrombocytosis yesibili:

• rheumatoid arthritis.
• Rheumatism (igama elifanele lesi sifo - acute imfiva rheumatism).
• Osteomyelitis noma inqubo necrotic umnkantsha.
• izilonda emathunjini.
• izifo zesibindi Sinzima, ezifana isifo sokusha.
• Isifo sofuba.
• izinqubo Neoplastic, isib, carcinoma lymphoma noma isifo Hodgkin sika.
• Elikhulu ukopha.
• hemolysis olunamandla (isimo esibi lapho ukubola erythrocyte kwenzeka).

Yini platelet ongaphakeme ukubala?

Thrombocytopenia - isimo lapho zegazi ziyancipha. Uthola amadoda kwezinye imithombo etholakalayo kuze kube amaseli 320 bhiliyoni ilitha, kuyilapho abanye - 400, kanye lesibopho aphansi kunoma isiphi isimo ezisukela amaseli 180. Ukunciphisa lesi sibalo izikhathi eziningana okuzoxoxwa ngayo thrombocytopenia.

Izizathu kungaba:

• izinqubo ezithathelwanayo.
• kwezinso ukusebenza umnkantsha.
• Ukukhulelwa esikhathini kwabesifazane.
• Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi ezihlukahlukene.
• Leukemias.
• Ufuzo.
• Emiphumeleni elimazayo izinsimbi ezisindayo.
• Utshwala obuningi.
• ukopha kakhulu.
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile (ezifana nemithi, analgesics, estrogens).

Ngeziphambeko kusukela evamile amagugu platelet e noma isiqondiso kudinga ukuhlolisisa kanye nokwelashwa izidakamizwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi Ukudla ezifanele.