Yiziphi iminyuziyamu: amagama, izinhlobo

"Abantu awazazi esidlule yayo esingenalo ikusasa." Lona umqondo ohlakaniphile kusisiza ukuba siqonde indaba ebaluleke kanjani ukuphila emphakathini wanamuhla. Azikho nhlobo izaba ezingabekwa labo abakholwa ukuthi ziphephile Museum - kungcono nje izinto engenamsebenzi ubudala ogama isikhathi eside lidlulile. Namuhla, wonke umuntu kufanele siqaphele indima ebalulekile yezenhlalakahle badlala. Lezi ukuchayeka usabonakala imingcele isikhathi, yokuxhuma wonke okuqinisekile.

Inani iminyuziyamu emphakathini

Asiza indoda yesimanje ukubona lokufanako nalokwehlukile emkhatsini namuhla futhi impucuko eside wanyamalala. Ngenxa eminingi imisebenzi zomlando Museum amaqoqo namuhla cishe wonke umuntu ithuba lokuhlola esidlule futhi ufunde okuningi mayelana yokuphila wawoyise. Museum Modern - kuyingxenye ebalulekile isiko kubantu wonke. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola lokho iminyuziyamu kukhona, izinhlobo namaphrofayela nemisebenzi yabo.

Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule ukuze izinsuku zethu

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu zenani igalelo kokhokho babo ngokucophelela ukuqoqa zesandulela esidlule. Kuze kube manje, isintu uye walondoloza le siko yizicukuthwane ngesimo nokucacisa kanye nemibukiso. Yiziphi Museum futhi ngabantu abamelelwa yizo? Kuthathwa ngokuthi lena isikhungo ukuthi usebenza emkhakheni wezemfundo nesayensi ukuze sigcine, cwaningo futhi babonakalise amasayithi kokubili ngokomoya futhi isiko impahla. I iminyuziyamu lokuqala kakhulu ezakhiwa eGibhithe naseGrisi, njengoba lezi mazwe othuthuke kangcono, hhayi kuphela ngokuya impucuko, kodwa futhi impucuko.

Eyokuqala Museum Antique

EGrisi, lezi izikhungo zemfundo nabizelwa Museyon futhi ngokuvamile kukhona ngaphansi kwesivikelo ososayensi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Omunye iminyuziyamu lokuqala e Alexandria yasungulwa ngokunembile uPtolemy I. Wayengumuntu ngempela libanzi futhi kufakwe amakota, amakamelo ophilayo sokufunda, Botanical futhi izingadi begazi. I mahholo akhiwe ziphephile ezibalulekile, phakathi okwakukhona kulo busts kanye eziqoshiwe lezinombolo ahlukahlukene eliqavile isikhathi.

Ubuqili iminyuziyamu esikhathini esidlule

Abasebenzi Museyona etholwe iholo Uyakufanelekela, okuyinto ukhululeka Treasury State. amakamelo Huge, imitapo abakwazi kodwa ezibangela ukumangala ebusweni babo. Lapho, bayigcina ngokucophelela imibhalo yesandla ebaluleke kunayo esidlule. UPtolemy waqiniseka ukuthi kwelinye lamakamelo eziningi kwaba ongakasetshenzwa isikole esincane ngenxa yabantwana bakwa-abazali abadla izambane likapondo. Kwakuwusuku Museum kuqala futhi okumangalisa ngempela, kodwa-ke ngeshwa, akazange isikhathi eside, njengoba e 270, kwaba khona umlilo owabhubhisa ke kanye Library of Alexandria, futhi lapho ayinakuqhathaniswa emhlabeni namuhla.

Okunhlobonhlobo iminyuziyamu yesimanje

Yiziphi Museum owayephila? Yehluka nomunye hhayi kuphela ukubaluleka (Wonke-Russia, enkabeni kazwelonke), kodwa futhi ngohlobo. Esokuqala futhi ungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu - ucwaningo. Iningi lazo ahloselwe umsebenzi imfundo, isayensi kanye lezemfundo. Kulezi iminyuziyamu ukwahlukana omkhulu, lapho inqwaba ososayensi abasebenza. At onawo yabo yonke imininingwane eqoqwe kule noma ukuthi udaba. Nokho, injongo eyinhloko isakhiwo - embukisweni we Museum ziphephile.

Yiziphi iminyuziyamu ezahlukene eRussia?

Olunye uhlobo Museum - ucwaningo. It yenzelwe kuphela cwaningo futhi isitoreji imithombo ehlukahlukene eyinhloko zomlando eziligugu. Lona uhlobo avaliwe iminyuziyamu ukuthi abonise zobuciko ezimweni ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Yiziphi Museum eziphathelene nemfundo? Kuze kube manje, kukhona nezinye iminyuziyamu zemfundo. Umgomo wabo oyinhloko - ukukhulisa ukukhuthazwa yenqubo yokufunda. Lapho, ngobungako kutholakala nezinto ezidingekayo ucwaningo.

Eminyuziyamu zihlukaniswe hhayi kuphela ngohlobo, kodwa futhi phezu amaphrofayli. Akhona namanye amaningi. Ngezansi kukhona izindawo eziyinhloko:

• Ethnographic ngokukhethekile umlando nezamanje zamazwe ahlukahlukene, kanye namasiko abo.
• ziphephile Archaeological ikakhulu izinto etholwe ngenxa imivubukulo eyenziwa endaweni emazweni ahlukahlukene.
• Umlando wamasosha igcina izinto zempi nkathi yangemva kwempi, kuhlanganise nezempi, izikhali, izingubo zokugqoka, nezinye izinto ezibe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi amasosha.
• uhlamvu zomlando-mbuso ka-material iqoqa ulwazi lokulungisa uhulumeni ehlukahlukene emazweni ahlukahlukene.
• Jikelele zomlando - Museum, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, iphrofayela ububanzi, equkethe izinto ngemvelaphi nomlando ezifundazweni ezihlukahlukene nokuthuthukiswa yabo.
• Technical - kuphrofayli ezinjalo zingase zihlanganise iminyuziyamu ubunjiniyela, Astronautics, njll ...
• isayensi yemvelo ziphephile ubukisa begazi, Geological, etshalwe nemvelo anthropological.
• Literary udalula mikhondo lokufaneleka ngqo ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo ngaphakathi elilodwa noma amaningi.
• iminyuziyamu Local ziyinkimbinkimbi ngoba sihlanganise imininingwane amaningi, isibonelo, zomlando, nezesayensi yezinto eziphilayo izincwadi.

Uhla lwezindawo iminyuziyamu e Russian Federation

Lezi izinhlobo eziyisisekelo futhi amaphrofayli, okungaba iminyuziyamu okhetheke khulu. Yiqiniso, lolu hlu ikude ephelele, njengoba ukuthuthukiswa iminyuziyamu isibe ngempela jika eqinile, uphinde ufake kusigaba ngasinye kuyoba ngempela eziyinkinga. Yiziphi iminyuziyamu? Amagama lwati lolufinyetiwe babo okwethulwa kulesi sihloko. Lolu hlu olungenhla eminyuziyamu zisakazwa kokubili Russian Federation nakwamanye amazwe. Abaningi banesithakazelo futhi, yiziphi iminyuziyamu eMoscow? Lolu hlu olungenhla, esihambelana itshe elimhlophe, inhloko-dolobha, kodwa kukhona izakhiwo ezithile ukuthi kwakuzodingeka ukuba uvakashele umuntu ngamunye okungenani kanye ezimpilweni zabo.

Uma e Moscow, ngicela ungadluli usuke:

• State Historical Museum.
• Diamond Isikhwama.
• Armoury.
• Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics.
• State Pushkin Museum.
• I Zonke-Russian Museum of okuhlobisa-osetshenziswayo futhi Folk Art.
• Moscow History Museum.
• Museum of State Academic Bolshoi Theatre of Russia.
• Moscow Memorial Museum omkhaya Russian yasebukhosini.
• State wezobuciko, wezomlando, izakhiwo kanye yemvelo landscape Museum-reserve "Kolomenskoye".
• "EMoscow ezibiyele" State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve.

Museums - ithuba elikhulu ukubheka endlini yengcebo esidlule futhi ubone ukuthi abantu babephila ngaphambi lasendulo impucuko, isiko bese uqhathanisa ukuphila zabo ezibonakalayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi esikhathini esidlule lwesintu kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nekusasa layo.