Yini Maloyaroslavets ezikhangayo kuwufanele bebona?

Maloyaroslavets - idolobha elincane e-Kaluga esifundeni, indawo amakhilomitha square 18 kuphela, labantu abakhileyo engaphansi kuka-30 000. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, inomlando ocebile, futhi Maloyaroslavets ezikhangayo zaziwa ngalé kwemingcele yayo.

Kanjani ukuze baye khona?

Umbuzo kanjani amakhilomitha amaningi kusuka eMoscow kuya Maloyaroslavets elichazwa ngokuthi izakhamizi inhlokodolobha BakaJehova abaye sinqume ukubuka emadolobheni kancane owaziwa yezwe labo elikhulu, futhi abantu bevaleleke lapha odlulayo. Phela, ukwazi impendulo, unganquma isikhathi kangakanani nemali kudingekile lohambo.

Ngokuphathelene ibanga phakathi lezi emadolobheni, kuya kuba 121 km. Oluphethe imoto yakho siqu kufanele aye Kaluga onguthelawayeka. Kulabo abakhetha ukuhamba kwezithuthi zomphakathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isitimela "Moscow-Kaluga", okuyinto uyama Maloyaroslavets.

Umlando we edolobheni

Umuzi yasungulwa by Prince VA Abanesibindi. Usuku ngqo ayaziwa, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kwenzeka XIV - ekuqaleni xv leminyaka. Igama emzaneni iye waqamba indodana kwesikhulu Yaroslav. Ngo 1485 edolobheni baba ingxenye ubukhulu eMoscow futhi yayibizwa ngokuthi Maloyaroslavets. Kusukela 1508 komnikazi kwaba ezandleni Prince M. L. Glinskogo, futhi ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVII, yabhujiswa.

Maloyaroslavets ukulahlekelwa ezinkulu ababhekana nalo phakathi nesikhathi sempi ka 1812 ngonyaka futhi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Nokho, ezimweni zombili, edolobheni wanqotshwa, futhi kulezo zikhathi ezinzima namuhla ukhumbule kuphela ezinye izinto Maloyaroslavets.

ezikhumbuzo

Njengoba Maloyaroslavets yasungulwa by Prince Abanesibindi (Don), kuyoba isimanga uma insimu ayengekho lesikhumbuzo kule ndoda. Nokho, yafakazela kuphela ngo-2002, behlonipha weminyaka engu 600 edolobheni. Itshe lesikhumbuzo sidalwe umqophi Anatoly Yefimovich Artimovich. Itholakala ekuqaleni we Kaluga emgwaqweni. Kwaba naye, mhlawumbe, ukuba aqale ukuhlola Maloyaroslavets ezikhangayo.

Enye into owaziwa emzini kuyinto lesikhumbuzo ukuze SI Belyaev - UNobhala Zemsky Court, owawungumnyaka walowo cordons lempi. Kukhona lesikhumbuzo esinqeni iNdunduma Inkazimulo, elimelela ukunqoba zamasu Russian Imperial Army of Maloyaroslavets empini 1812. Itshe lesikhumbuzo yadalwa ngo-Okthoba 1844.

Ukunakwa izakhamuzi nezivakashi ifanelwe lesikhumbuzo ukuze Georgiyu Konstantinovichu Zhukovu, nombhali okuyinto umqophi Anatoly Artimovich. I ngokudayisa kwaba ngo-2005.

iminyuziyamu idolobha

Military History Museum ingenye izinto ezidumisa Maloyaroslavets (Kaluga esifundeni). Izikhangibavakashi ka edolobheni zitholakala yonke indawo, ngeke ukwazi wakwazi ukulandisa indaba yakhe njengoba kwenziwa Museum. Kukhona ziphephile eyingqayizivele, okuyinto afakaze izenzakalo Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIX. Esikhathini Museum ungabona imiqulu, amabhuku, izikhali, amabutho French kanye isiRashiya, izinto numismatic, imishini kanye iyunifomu, ezempi, ezincanyana kanye ngaphezulu.

Abathandi nezempi, njengasezulwini Maloyaroslavets, Kubalulekile ngokuvakashela Museum encane ngaphansi esibhakabhakeni evulekile, iseduze lesikhumbuzo ukuze Zhukov.

Art abalandeli ngeke ukwazi ukuziba Museum and Sekukhangisa, okuyinto lavulwa ngo-1998. Lapha ungakwazi ukubona eziningi nemibukiso unomphela ngesisekelo amaqoqo siqu abaculi ezifana IA Soldatenkov, vd Matveichev futhi O. B. Pavlov. Minyaka yonke Museum uhlela ezivulekile Maloyaroslaveckij zokudala. Abahlanganyeli abaculi kukhona ezivela ezifundazweni ezahlukene Russia nase CIS amazwe.

Izigodlo kanye amasonto Maloyaroslavets

Chernoostrovsky Nicholas Monastery - i esifuze lasendulo, ngalo wabuye waba indawo Maloyaroslavets. Izikhangibavakashi imephu idolobha kuzosiza ukuthola zonke izivakashi, futhi phakathi kwabo izobizwa into, etholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga abahloniphekile bakuleli dolobhana. Isigodlo lizungezwe udonga kabili, ngemuva nayo walondoloza besonto Korsun, isakhiwo esibhedlela, abathathu-tiered isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi kanye Cathedral of St Nicholas. Isigodlo labhujiswa ngokuphelele phakathi izenzakalo 1812. Ngenkathi Saints ngasinda Blue Gate kuphela. Kodwa ngemva French ukubaleka indawo yokukhulekela libuyiselwe, futhi manje wonke umuntu wayefuna ukubona Maloyaroslavets ezikhangayo ubudala, qiniseka ukuthi babe yizivakashi zawo.

Ngo-1912, ngemva kwezenzakalo edlule emzini, kusayithi yesonto elidala, eyakhiwa ngekhulu XVIII, yayakhiwe ibandla kweNyuka. Umsebenzi wokwakha abaqondiswa unjiniyela B. A. Savitsky. Ithempeli kuyahluka ingaphakathi ocebile. It is abekwa ezingeni lelisetulu labangakhona kwesihlahla se-okhi iconostasis. Ukwakhiwa esontweni ngemali ruble ayizigidi 125.

inkumbulo Square ka 1812

Le ndawo futhi Asikwazi ukushalazela, ucabangela Maloyaroslavets ezikhangayo. Izithombe into, elakhiwa ngo-1912, kungabonwa kancane ephansi.

eziyinkimbinkimbi eSikhumbuzweni kwakunabantu badunyiswe of amasosha ababulawa Maloyaroslavets eMpini Patriotic ka 1812, ukulwela izwe lakubo. Lapha 1,300 amasosha Russian efile bangcwatshwa. Ngasekuqaleni kule sayithi ngokuvamile itholakala izindunduma nge abalekele emizaneni, kodwa ngo-1912, izikhumbuzo ezakhiwa, ezimbili zazo zitholakala kuleli paki.

Ngaphezu amathuna inhlama, ngokudayisa umlawuli M. I. Kutuzova wamiswa lapha. Wayesebenza ku ukudalwa isikhumbuzo S. Gerasimenko.