Westminster Abbey - esontweni ekhethekile bobukhosi

Westminster Abbey isendaweni ibhange enyakatho iThames, eduze le iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon, mhlawumbe edume kakhulu zezindela isiNgisi, ezifana Holyrood eScotland, Escorial eSpain. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke kungenziwa ngokuthi kunalokho indawo zomlando kuka zenkolo. Kusukela 1066 zonke wokugcotshwa amakhosi British, kwasinda Edward V (wabulawa) no-Edward VIII (asiyeke), babe kulo. Libuye futhi endaweni yokungcwaba abaningi kubabusi English, abezombusazwe, abasebenzelana zomlando izibalo, izibalo kwamasiko, izicukuthwane, izindela.

Westminster Abbey ziminyene kangangokuba statues, izikhumbuzo, sarcophagi kwamathuna eziningi asethwe sesimweni oqotho ngenxa yokuntuleka isikhala. Sekukonke, kukhona bangcwatshwe abantu 3300, phakathi kwabo Dzheffri Choser, Genri Persell, Robert Bleyk, uCharles Darwin Isaak Nyuton, Rudyard Kipling, u-Alfred Tennyson, uDavid Livingstone, Uilyam Uilberfors, ubugqila saqedwa ngo-United Kingdom. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX abantu abaningi baqala ukulothisa abafileyo. Eyokuqala kulolu chungechunge kwaba emzimbeni umlingisi, le tragedian Mnumzane uHenry Irving. Kusukela ngo-1936, kakade akekho wangcwatshwa lomngcwabo. Okuwukuphela uMbusi Northumberland, oluphethe ethuneni lakhe kule yesonto.

Usuku lolu somlando akuyona ngokunembile echaziwe. Ngakho, Bede awukhulumi, kodwa isiko ekuqaleni izingxenye isisekelo salo Sebert, inkosi yakwa-Essex. Ekuqaleni Ngekhulu leminyaka lesikhombisa, uma ku amaxhaphozi eduze neLondon, ku amanxiwa Ithempeli lika-Apholo IBandla lakhiwa St. Peter, esizeni okuyinto manje Westminster Abbey. Umlando usitshela ukuthi ngokuyisimangaliso u busisa Saint Peter. Yiqiniso, lokhu kuphela yetinsita, eyavela kamuva, kodwa ukuthi sezindela okukhona kule sayithi ekhulwini lesishiyagalombili, kuqinisekisa Charter of King Offa. Kuyo, wabhekisela Westminster, cishe ukuze lihlukaniswe iSonto St Paul. Kukhona futhi obunye ubufakazi, noma kunjalo, singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi lapho u-Eduard Ispovednik waqala ukwakhiwa esontweni isitayela Romanesque e 1055, ukuze bazondle ngokwabo indawo yokungcwatshwa kwa yenkolo, kwakukhona kakade i esifuze ezibalulekile, kanye kwakukhona umphakathi Benedictine izindela.

Ukwakhiwa ngesikhathi impilo Edward awukapheli (kuphela ngo-1090), kodwa ukukhanyisa owawuse ngoDisemba 28, 1065, isonto ngaphambi kokufa kwenkosi. Ngaphambi isikhathi sethu kusuka isakhiwo sokuqala liyalondolozwa futhi trace. Kuphela ngomfanekiso wakhe uboniswa zakhe isithombe ka Bayeux. Westminster Abbey njengoba injalo manje kakhulu kuhlehlela emuva eminyakeni 1245-1272. Khona-ke uHenry III wanquma ulakhe isitayela Gothic. Ngemva kwalokho, wanwetshelwa: the Chapel kukaHenry VII ingezwe ephakathi kwengu-1503 futhi ngo-1512, kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili ezinde entshonalanga zakhiwa zaba 1745, ukwakhiwa emnyango enyakatho igcwaliswe ekhulwini XIX.

Kwethempeli yesonto, okuyinto iyisonto ethuneni we Soldier elingaziwa, yilona eliphezulu ukuwedlula wonke e-England. Isidumbu isosha laseBrithani ezingaziwa ezabulawa eMpini Yezwe I, wangcwatshwa ngoNovemba 11 ngesikhathi esifanayo ne efanayo yokungcwaba isosha French e Arc de Triomphe Paris. Lona ethuneni lokuqala Soldier elingaziwa.

Westminster Abbey ayikaze thempeli (yokuhlala sombhishobhi), kodwa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi Royal Peculiar ( "isonto bobukhosi ekhethekile"). Ithempeli subordinated ngokuqondile le nkosi British. Ngaphandle-ke, lokhu isimo okwamanje ejabulela indlwana of St George e Windsor (Berkshire).

Westminster Abbey, ukuziletha okuyinto sethulwa ngezilimi ezahlukene esizeni sakhe sihlanganisa Museum lapho liveza ukufa buso babo bonke izizukulwane asebukhosini, ingadi yangasese (Collegiate Garden), ivulekele umphakathi kwezinye NgoLwesibili noLwesine ntambama, Isigodlo, eyasungulwa ekhulwini XIII. Indawo yokungena iningi izihlalo akhululwe.