Vole ezivamile: incazelo kwezinhlobo, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Mayelana Common vole wezwa, cishe wonke umuntu. Lokhu igundane kancane - isiqalekiso izingadi kanye amasimu ezimbonini. With ikhono zanda, vole ezivamile esikhathini esifushane kakhulu isikhathi kungabangela umonakalo ongalungiseki infield.

Incazelo kanye olwenzeka endaweni

vole Common kungokwalabo umndeni ka hamsters. Lokhu zinhlobo igundane akusilo ukubukeka ezinkulu noma emangalisayo. Bona Nokho zifana kakhulu amagundane noma amagundane, abe blunt empumulweni ukuma nezindlebe encane oyindilinga.

Ubude umzimba izimvukuzane incane - 10-12 cm kuphela, umsila -. 5 cm igundane esiphezulu isisindo ingeqi '45

Izinwele ngemuva, entanyeni okhakhayini ungumthunzi grey ansundu, esiswini, kwesilevu futhi engxenyeni engezansi nomsila ophuzi-lemicu empunga elinamathela othini. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngeminyaka ekhanda ivame ukuba lula vole, ngokuvamile kuyabonakala a kwempunga.

Habitat kuthinta ehlathini asemaqeleni zone ezwekazini laseYurophu emikhawulweni Atlantic ukuze ezintabeni Altaian. Voles zitholakala eningizimu eScandinavia, entshonalanga yeSiberia futhi esifundeni esise-Ural Ephakathi. Amakoloni lezi namagundane bahlala eCaucasus, aseBalkan, eCrimea futhi enyakatho Kazakhstan. Ayachuma emaqeleni-Mongolian, owakhiwe Central Asia nase-Asia Minor.

Naphezu kwakho konke ezathathwa ngokumelene umuntu, izimvukuzane ezivamile ungomunye lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu namagundane.

Ordinary grey vole: ukuziphatha kanye netindlela tekuphila

Field amagundane bahlala emiphakathini umndeni lapho ephila amaxhukazi eziningana futhi 3-4 izizukulwane ngenzalo yabo. Naphezu ukubukeka woxolo, izimvukuzane, amaduna indawo kakhulu. Ngakho, ubunikazi kwabesilisa imayelana 1-1.5 km engaba futhi ezindaweni eziningana ezithinta abesifazane.

Voles zinemizwelo kakhulu - ongabonisa abanobungane ubudlova evulekile. Quarrelsomeness ikakhulukazi kwenzeka kwabesilisa, kwezinye izimo, igundane scuffle iphela ukufa kwelungu.

Ukuze kulondolozwe njalo lokushisa lomzimba izimvukuzane ubambelela umbuso ezithile, okuyinto cyclical ngokwemvelo. Phakathi nesikhawu 3 amahora le enteric isikhathi ingane ilale izikhathi 2-4, kusukela ezikhathini 3 kuya ku- 9 elingenamikhono ahlanzekile, kusukela ezikhathini 2 kuya ku-6 bathathwa ukugcinwa kanye ukunwetshwa unhlangothi yayo. Inombolo feedings phezu esifanayo kuhluka 6 kuya ku-20.

Residence vole ezivamile

Kunzima ukucabanga umakhi kunokubuthwa vole ezivamile. Incazelo nomuzi wakhe - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. amavesi Labyrinths kukhona ezihlotshisiwe ngakho futhi ucabangé, uma abazange ukudala igundane elincane elinganeliseki, futhi ithimba lezisebenzi, metrostroevtsev.

imbobo ngayinye ine inethiwekhi imihubhe encani okuyindlela kuholele amakhamera amaningi. Ukuqokwa amakamero la makhulu esiyingqayizivele zihlukile: abanye ukukhonza isitoreji ezindaweni okusanhlamvu nezinye amasheya ukudla, kuyilapho ezinye - ukuze uphumule futhi zizalela.

Komhlaba vole yokuhlala inamazinga eziningana: esiqongweni (mayelana 35 cm ukujula) ekamelweni elise ngokudla, Jacks, lezi amagundane uhlele ngezansi phansi ngesikhathi cishe kwesigamu imitha ukujula.

Ebusika, the vole ezivamile akuvamile eshiya ikhaya lakhe. Ilokhu ngokuhlala komhlaba neqhwa, lokhu ukunakekelwa isilwane zobuqili ukupholisa of catacombs yabo. Ngenxa yale njongo, vole ukwenza ungumthombo ongumngcingo (1.5 cm) Umphini mpo, okuyinto kungabonwa phezu koloni lazo.

ukudla

Vole Ukudla kungenziwa ngokuthi ngokwanele ahlukahlukene. Lezi sidla amagundane amancane udle nati, amajikijolo, amahlumela amasha kanye izimpande labangaba ngu-80 izinhlobo zezitshalo. Lapho icala futhi angali kusukela izinambuzane ezincane futhi iminenke.

Kukhethwa ikakhulu okusanhlamvu nokuyimidumba, nganoma iyiphi indlela, kanti phakathi amahlumela abasha nokusanhlamvu ovuthiwe. Ebusika, lezi izinambuzane wezolimo owaziwa bahlalela le ezindlini emizi kanye izinqolobane, kanye ukuziluma efana iziqu zemithi yezithelo, ukudla amagxolo zabo ezincane.

Umonakalo esibangela ezivamile vole balimi ngonyaka, ofana no-incursion yesikhonyane kuphela. Okwesabisa away la sidla amagundane amancane ukusebenzisa amadivaysi ultrasonic, kanye izitshalo, iphunga lapho asikubekezeleli. Okunjalo uyalandisa Mint, thuja, garlic. Abaningi futhi bagcwalise emgodini wathola amanzi, kodwa asisho londoloza engadini kulesi sishayo baba igundane kanye qha kwenela.

Wenze kahle kusayithi 2-3 isigxobo ezokwenza ukuheha izinyoni ezidla inyama, njengoba kuyoba ngabo enhle kakhulu uyibuka iphuzu. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhova ngoba ngonyaka ongabhubhisa kuze kube 1,200 sidla amagundane amancane. Yini ukusho mayelana nezilwane ezidla inyama: ferret olulodwa bakwazi ukubamba izingcezu 10-12.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ukusho ukuthi vole ovamile uwukuthi yathela impela - ukusho lutho. Izinga yokuzalana Yisimanga, ngaphansi kwezimo ezimvunayo.

Yokukhwelana iqala ukufika kwentwasahlobo (March-April) futhi iphela ekwindla (Novemba). Unyaka owodwa insikazi sizala 3-4. Nakuba amanye amakoloni, kuthathwe ukukuthanda sika hay noma okusanhlamvu esibayeni, kungase kuholele unyaka wonke.

sokukhulelwa zesifazane ihlala izinsuku ezingaba ngu-20, bese ukukhanya livela okuyisilinganiso sabangu-5-6 amagundane, ngokuphelele lwalutho, futhi Bald. Nokho inzalo vole ekuthuthukiseni ngesivinini esimangalisayo. Lapho eneminyaka engu-izinyanga 2 abasha akuzona kuphela ngokuphelele ezimele kodwa futhi abavuthiwe.

Isikhathi sokuphila amagundane, voles encane kakhulu - umuntu ezingavamile efa ngaphambi zihlanganisa unyaka wokuqala.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Lezi namagundane Ziningi ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo:

• vole Common umbhukudi ezinhle.
• Uma igundane ensimini izimpilo ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, esikhundleni Burrows komhlaba, lo msila ukwazi ukuzihlanganisa amagatsha isihlahla round isidleke utshani noma moss.
• Gcina leli fomu Khomyakova ingaqukatha kufika ku-3 kg amasheya ahlukahlukene.
• I izimvukuzane besifazane uyakwazi ukukhulelwa ngosuku 13th ezimpilweni zabo.
• Isilwane ungadla ukudla okuningi ngelanga, yena ukala kangakanani.
• namazinyo vole sikhule kukho konke ukuphila.

Lesi sidalwa esincanyana - a digger omkhulu nje kuphela, futhi igundane wazonda: vole ovamile uwukuthi zinendima ebalulekile eziwukudla eziningi ezizingelayo, iningi lazo ongeke ukwazi on the esengozini yokuqothulwa. Ngakho, ngaphezu umonakalo ngenye indlela futhi kuletha izinzuzo. Emvelweni, konke kuhlobene.