Uyini ukukhohliseka umgomo?

ukukhohliseka Inhloso - kuba isiqondiso umcabango zefilosofi, elimalungu alo kuthathwa njengesibikezelo nesimiso esiyisisekelo emhlabeni ingokomoya ngabanye. izikole ezahlukene ngokuthi yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ukwakheka ukuphila emhlabeni - zenkolo kuNkulunkulu, e Hegel wabhekisela kumoya eliphelele, futhi Schopenhauer - emhlabeni ngeke. Laba bameleli be-lokuqala lo mkhuba babe izimfundiso uPlato futhi Pythagoras lasendulo, futhi ekusebenziseni nabalandeli babo waphawula ukuqashelwa zezwe kanye izakhi wangempela ndaba, okuyinto angaphansi izimiso ezithile ekahle.

indaba

Ekuqaleni, ngaphambi ukuthuthukiswa umcabango yefilosofi kulesi siqondiso ngu yezazi zasendulo, ukukhohliseka umgomo ebonakaliswa incwadi art yenkolo yasendulo Indian "Upanishads." Kuyo kulomhlaba uchazwa ngokuthi esehlanganise amaMaya omkhulu, ukufihla ngokoqobo ukubonakaliswa waphezulu ekuqaleni oyinhloko kweqiniso. Amazwi aphelele ngokokuqala le mfundiso kuchazwa imisebenzi yefilosofi kaPlato, futhi Ephakathi indawo ukukhohliseka iza okwangempela esikoleni. Ngo ezikhathini zanamuhla kwakuhileleke Hegel, F. von Schelling futhi G. V. Leybnits.

imfundiso Hegel sika

ukukhohliseka Inhloso ku XVIII-XIX eminyaka, ukuthi kunalokhu kungafani kakhulu ezimfundisweni lasendulo, futhi endaweni ekhethekile kulesi siqondiso wathatha nefilosofi Hegel sika. Ngakho, uyaqaphela umoya eyinhloko, uvele ngaphambi kulomhlaba, kodwa ningabizi naye uNkulunkulu, futhi "umqondo ophelele." Encwadini "Philosophy of Nature" imibono yakhe uyiphupho avele ngempela elikhanyayo, ngoba kulomhlaba ibizwa ngokuthi yesibili, esukela umoya yasekuqaleni futhi sincike kuye. Usosayensi kokuthandaza nokucwaninga kokuphila komphakathi, okuyinto sithinta umqondo waphezulu, nesuka phambi ukuvela isintu.

Ngokuyinhloko, ukukhohliseka umgomo ka Hegel igxile welithi "umoya ngokuphelele", okuyinto kubhekwa usosayensi ekuthuthukisweni kanye ukunyakaza. Dialectics ezimfundisweni sefilosofi ngokucijile ziqhathaniswa Metaphysics, kodwa legumbi lemfundiso yakhe yilezi ezilandelayo izikhundla ezintathu. Okokuqala, kunenkolelo yokuthi inani ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile angakhula abe izinga. Okwesibili, ukukhohliseka mgomo amaphepha usosayensi Ngokuqondene ukungqubuzana njengoba umthombo oyinhloko ukuthuthukiswa. Okwesithathu, Hegel abalwamukelanga ekuphikeni njengoba enjalo, futhi ngangicabanga ukuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba qiniseka neludzaba ncamashi.

Nokho, endaweni ekhethekile ugajwe yimithetho jikelele yentuthuko, kanye dialectic kuyinto kuwukuphikisana semvelo sawo izenzakalo, futhi ezifana umqondo kwezesayensi zefilosofi uqala ukuvela. Hegel babemelene metaphysicians, ukuhlaziywa Absolutized, futhi wasikisela ubudlelwane phakathi imiqondo ngokwabo. Indlela dialectical futhi uhlelo elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo of ngokucijile kuyaphikisana, ngoba usosayensi uyavuma intuthuko, izinguquko ngokoqobo inhloso , futhi ukuhamba emhlabeni ukuba into entsha.

Imfundiso Schelling

ukukhohliseka Inhloso ka Schelling aphathelene nokufezeka ifilosofi yemvelo, elaba kuncike esizimele ukuhlaziywa. Wagxila kulokho isifundo eningiliziwe inqubo ashukumisayo, kusukela inkathi yomsebenzi waso kwaqondana nenkathi yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni izitho zomzimba, i-physics, i-chemistry kanye electrodynamics. ukukhohliseka Inhloso ngokugcwele ebonakaliswa umbono Schelling, njengoba kuba spiritualized ndaba uqobo. Usosayensi wawunganikezwanga imibono ukukhula okungokwemvelo emhlabeni, futhi ebuka into lafundvwako bahlukene ashukumisayo real. Isazi sefilosofi, wathi izwe ingaziwa ngokusebenzisa sizathu, okwaholela ukubukeka ukucabanga okunengqondo umuntu.