Urals Polar: indawo, nesimo sendawo, zezemvelo, umkhakha

Ingxenye enyakatho elincane kodwa olunothile ezintabeni Ural enyakatho Eurasia unegama - the Polar Urals. endaweni yemvelo kungokwalabo amabili ezifundeni Russia - Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous lesiFunda Komi Republic. Isimo sezulu enemikhuba ubuhle namathafa enyakatho benza le ndawo eyingqayizivele. Kungenxa yalesi umugqa sihamba esinikelweko umngcele phakathi kwe-Asia neYurophu.

izici Jikelele esifundeni

Umngcele phakathi amaphuzu ezibalula inani, okuyinto kubhekwa ngokwethukela, sihamba kahle phakathi izifunda ezimbili yezwe okukhulunywa ngaso lapha ngenhla, ilungelo kanye eyayiwuphawu we yokhalo ohlukanisa Pechora umcengezi kuya entshonalanga yoMfula ob empumalanga. Intaba eziqongweni kwenqwaba ezingeni ukuphakama 800-1200 m, abanye kancane ephakeme, isibonelo, Mount yomkhokhi - 1500 m.

Engxenyeni esenyakatho ye Polar Urals ke inesimiso nobuntu impumuzo. A ezijulile asike izidumbu zabantu afanayo emikhulu transverse, izigodi eseduze ngokusebenzisa ukuphakama encane sihamba (200-250 m) ngokusebenzisa eyayiwuphawu main. Ngo kwenye yalezi zindawo yelula legatsha onguthelawayeka transpolar ekhona.

izici impumuzo

Polar esifundeni Ural, kanye zonke yezintaba zase-Ural, kwakheka okuqinisekile of ukusonga Hercynian neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-250 million edlule. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, endaweni ephephile kusekelwe isisekelo nzile plate Eurasia, futhi ngiyizwe awalethe abalulekile.

Isikhathi isinyathelo of ukuguguleka komhlabathi, kuhlanganise izinguzunga zeqhwa, sinqume ukuthi yini manje impumuzo Ural Severny, Ural Polar futhi wonke entabeni uhla igama elifanayo. It libhekene a izigodi kabanti bajule ngembhali nge izakhiwo ejwayelekile: emikhombeni, inqola. Kukhona okuningi ayimigodi, ikakhulukazi thermokarst, ezinye zazo zigcwele amanzi ziphenduka echibini.

Ukuze Polar Urals libhekene ukwehlukana esigodini Sob umfula libe izingxenye ezimbili, okuyinto zingafani isakhiwo umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Engxenyeni esenyakatho kwendawo entabeni e ububanzi ufinyelela 125 km, it is kakhulu dissected izigodi transverse futhi kwaleli chibi sihamba - 200-250 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Kodwa entshonalanga emthambekeni steeper. ke unciphise eningizimu kuphela 25-30 km ububanzi nge maqembu 500 m, futhi kwezinye izimo - 1500 m.

Isimo sezulu

Njengoba yaziwa, elimhlophe, elimhlophe Urals libhekene nezimo ezinzima zezulu. ezindaweni ethule Climate ngokucijile ezwekazini. Polar Urals esifundeni esisogwini Ngasemdeni ke ka-European nokubambisana cyclonic umsebenzi kanye anticyclone laseSiberia. Ubusika abandayo kakhulu (kufika ku -55 ° C), ngomoya onamandla futhi imvula eliphezulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ezintabeni zasezindaweni ezimanzi yahlukene nentshonalanga, engxenyeni esempumalanga imvula ine izikhathi 2-3 engezansi. Fall, entwasahlobo nasehlobo - esifushane, kanti isimo sezulu ngalesi sikhathi ingahlalisekanga. Ukushisa wanyathela ukuba + 30 ° C ungakwazi ngokushesha nje ngezinsuku ezibandayo indawo nemvula eningi ipheshulwa eqinile umoya nesichotho.

Polar Ural River

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, endaweni ye-Polar Urals kuyinto nakangaka. Leli gama kumelwe liqondwe umugqa topographic okunemibandela on surface eMhlabeni, ohlukanisa amachibi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu olwandle, nasemachibini, emifuleni nasemachibini amaningi. Inzika nge emfantwini uqondiswa emithambekeni ezimbili okuphambene. Kulokhu emgqeni kuhlukane ubabonisa phakathi amachibi kanye Pechora emfuleni OB (Usa). Emithambekeni esentshonalanga ngenxa imvula, kuyinto izikhathi 2-3 kunaleyo empumalanga, esinabantu oluneziqhingi emfuleni izigodi.

Ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu ageleze Kara, dace futhi Usa. ubude sokuqala 257 km, kanye endaweni umcengezi - 13 400 amakhilomitha square. Amandla ihlinzekwa ngokuyinhloko iqhwa nemvula. Polar Ural kuhlanganisa ngobukhulu inflow Pechory - River Usa, ogama ubude 565 amakhilomitha nokuthunyelwa pool endaweni - ayizinkulungwane 93,6 sikwele. km. Kwezinye izindawo emfuleni kushesha, ohamba uba nezimpophoma ezincane ezikhanga izivakashi eziningi ngoba Alloys.

Ngokusebenzisa emthambekeni empumalanga sentaba sihamba emifuleni ezintathu. Synya (ubude 217 m) - kwesokunxele owumthelela ob. Kancane emfuleni imikhumbi, amadolobhana amancane amaningana elise osebeni lomfula. I mfula yesibili - Pike has a ubude 500 km, futhi ayizidleke, lapho oseyili whitefish, whitefish ezibanzi, whitefish. Okwesithathu River - Longotogan has a ubude km 200.

Lake engxenyeni esenyakatho yesifunda

Isifunda ocebile amachibi abandayo futhi ehlanzekile osenyakatho. Iningi labo thermokarst futhi wagxila ezigodini cirque. Isici sokuqala kubangela usayizi amancane ukujula ezincane. Engxenyeni esenyakatho kwalesi simiso amadamu akhiwe Hadata-Yugan-Lor, esakhiwa amachibi ezincane nezinkulu ikhilomitha oxhumene ibhuloho 20-50 ububanzi. indawo enhle okungukuthi abacebile Polar Urals, uye nje ezithathwe ngaphansi kwesivikelo, kanye Insimu yethu yayihlanganisa esiqiwini yemvelo, okuyinto iphatha acclimatization futhi kabusha acclimatization of zinyathi must inkabi.

Esifundeni esisenyakatho liphinde Small futhi Big Lake Shchuchye. Lesi sakamuva kuyinto ukucindezeleka zomhlaba nazo zonke izilinganiso Ural uthathé 136 m ukujula ezivelele futhi endaweni elikhulu ebusweni amanzi. A kweso lenyoni kubukeka sengathi umfula omkhulu, nje phezu ikhilomitha ububanzi. Azungeze ichibi loMfula iphakama esukuma ukuba 1000 m. I emithambekeni amangelengele ugema phansi echibini, ngezinye izikhathi kuphenduke emaweni. ukujula Greater iqala amamitha 50 nje kusukela ogwini.

Kuvele emehlweni Amazing, indawo olunothile - kuwufanele ukuvakashela nokhahlo Urals elimhlophe. Trekking zingahlelwa ngokuzimela, kodwa kungcono ukusebenzisa amasevisi zezikhonzi. Ukungcebeleka evumelana ohlangothini yasenyakatho naseningizimu echibini nge osogwini olusenyakatho mnene futhi abushelelezi igcwele utshani nezihlahla. lokushisa kwamanzi ngisho ezinsukwini ezishisa aliphumi ngenhla 10-14 ° C. I amachibi nasezindaweni ezizungezile basonta reserve isimo.

iziqongo entabeni

• itshe Konstantinov - eyakhelwe ngokuyinhloko sandstone futhi quartzite Ukhahlamba 45 km kusuka Baidaratskaya Kara Sea. Iphuzu esiphezulu ngesikhathi amamitha 483 ukusuka olwandle.
• Harnaurdy-Kaew - entabeni (1246 m), glaciation unomphela abuzange.
• Ngetenape - entabeni isiqongo (1338 m).
• Hanmi - 1333 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
• Yomkhokhi - iphuzu esiphezulu Polar Ural (1499 m) eyakhiwa oluthambile, quartzite namadwala igneous, has snezhniki.

I zezilwane nezimila

Nature Polar Urals kuyinto enhle, kodwa hhayi njengomuntu ocebile zinhlobo njengoba ukufudumala nesimo sezulu esishintshashintshayo. Nezimila ngempela kwaphela, ehlathini emahlathini futhi kungatholakala kuphela engxenyeni eseningizimu yasesiFundeni. Esikhathini Urals ihlangabezana birch kanye fir, esifundeni esise-Ural - * nomthidari, larch. Izigodi emfuleni kungabonwa izingodo ezibolile, a amahlathi ezingavamile lezihlahla. On the amabhange emadanyini sikhule nezihlahla, willow, birch yemifino, utshani nezimbali. Okusatshalalisiwe amajikijolo enyakatho: cranberry, ama-cloudberry, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye amakhowe.

Nezilwane Akukho lutho olusele. Ngokulinganiswa ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izilwane ezinkulu reindeer kuphela ingatholakala kulezi zingxenye. Wild cishe siqothulwe. Iningi labantu - ezifuywayo nezilwane ifa labantu bendawo. Basishaya emadlelweni ngenxa ukuklaba kwezinkomo ngokweqile kuqothula. Uma kulezi zindawo ngizizwe ngikhululekile must izinkabi, amahhashi zasendle, inyathi, saiga. Okwamanje, qhubeka esincane amabhere ansundu, kukhona onogwaja futhi partridges.

Ngokuvamile, yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene - ejwayelekile zone nezimfunda. Kusobala engamamitha uzwakalise ukuchaza Polar Urals, okusho ushintsho kwe-landscape ne zezemvelo ezihlobene nokungawuvivinyi ngokwanele lokushisa nokwenyuka kwezulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa yezimboni esifundeni

Zonke Ural kuyinto ezindaweni endala izimayini yezwe. Ngo elingaphakathi yayo itholakala isamba umxhwele ezihlukahlukene amaminerali, kuhlanganise iron, ithusi, i-platinum, negolide, amatshe ayigugu, umanyolo, asbestos nokuningi. Isizathu salokhu ukwehluka - umlando ekhethekile umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu.

Distribution amaminerali nayo subordinated isimiso altitudinal esishintshashintshayo. Ngo-2005, yaqala ukuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi "Ural Industrial-Ural Polar", okuyinto ihlose ukufeza ukuyikhokhela futhi abheke ukuthi kungenzeka uhlanganyela kwezinga lemikhiqizo yezimboni kwezinsiza esifundeni yemvelo ocebile endaweni. Phakathi kwemisebenzi - yezimayini asebenza ngebhethri polar.

Ukuvakasha esifundeni

Isimo sezulu elibuhlungu kanye nesimo neqhaza iqiniso lokuthi Polar Urals, futhi ikakhulukazi ingxenye yayo eningizimu, kabanzi yawenza phakathi izivakashi, abalandeli skiing, izintaba namanzi zemidlalo. Omunye izinzuzo ebalulekile ndawo ukufinyeleleka waso ngokulandela okushiwo zokuthutha, kanye esiphezulu ibanga umzila kusukela esiteshini sesitimela "North", "Ural", "Horota", "Eletskaya" nokunye akuyona amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-60. Ethandwa izivakashi imvelo Voikar emfuleni Sob, Kara, Synya, Pike, Tanju. Kuye amakhono futhi ukuqeqeshwa kwawo, ungakhetha imizila yinkimbinkimbi nelula - kusukela ngowokuqala esigabeni sesine.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, elimhlophe Ural ski siqu has izakhiwo eziningana, ikakhulu isiphetho Polar ku "Sob" ku esiteshini entabeni kanye nabantu abamnyama. Ethandwa kakhulu yiwona izintaba futhi Ukushushuluza imizila engxenyeni esenyakatho yesifunda ne Ukuvakashela umxhwele amachibi entabeni. Nokho, isimo sezulu ethize, libhekene namandla aso, kwenza izinguquko lalo. Ngakho, ngenxa yosuku esifushane futhi ezinzima ski ebusika uhambo kwenziwe ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. emizileni nokuhamba ezintabeni zingenzeka kusukela ngoJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi isethwe kahle ngangokunokwenzeka sezulu efudumele.