Ukufudumala kweminyango yegalaji ngezandla zomuntu siqu

Igalaji lingasetshenziselwa injongo yalo ehlosiwe - njengengxenye yokupaka imoto, futhi njenge-workshop noma igumbi lapho ungagcina khona izinto zokuqoqa nezinto ezahlukeneyo. Uma uvame ukulungisa imoto, kungcono ukugxilisa isakhiwo. Idatha yomsebenzi ephumelela kakhulu kuyoba endaweni yesango. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokwenza lokho kusebenza, kuyadingeka ukuthi uzijwayeze ngemithetho ebonisa ukuthi kungcono ukuthi ungasebenzisi isilonda se-porous mineral seululation ukuze ubeke igaraji. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi iphuzu lamazolo lizobuyela emkhathini, lizothola imanzi, ukuphakama kwalo kanye nokuziphatha okunezimo ezomzimba kuzokwanda.

Ukukhetha okubonakalayo

Akufanele uzame ukusindisa ngokuyala isango ngaphandle kwesango. Ukuba khona kwalo kukuvumela ukuba ugcine ukushisa ngaphakathi kwegalaji. Kungcono ukwenza ngokushesha isango hhayi nje ngomnyango ohlukile, kodwa futhi ngokufaka uphawu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwakhiwa kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngesistimu yokuphuza umoya, okungaqeda futhi kuhlinzeke umoya. Umgodi wokungena ungenziwa esangweni. Ukuphuza umoya okwanele kungadala izimo ezisongela ukuphila.

Ukufudumala komnyango wegaraji kungenziwa ngezinto ezihlukene, kodwa enye yezinto eziphumelela kakhulu yi-plastic foam. Lezi zinto zinezinga eliphansi, ngakho ukugxila ngeke kube nemithwalo eyengeziwe esakhiweni. I-Polyfoam ine-coefficient ephansi yokuziphatha okushisayo, ayikhipha izinto eziyingozi empilweni yomuntu, okuyiqiniso ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kuphazamiseka akuhlangani nomoya namanzi, kanti ungqimba ozobunjwa uzohlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Ukucubungula izindwangu kulula, ngaleyo njongo kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amathuluzi atholakalayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukungena kwamanzi kwe-foam kuncane kakhulu futhi akudluli ku-3%; uma kuyi-polystyrene ene-foam exoshiwe, lesi sibalo sincane, kungu-0.4%.

Ukuchithwa kwe-thermal kwesango: ukulungiselela amathuluzi

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokwenza ukuvalwa kwegumbi legalaji ngepulasitiki ye-foam, khona-ke esigabeni sokuqala kubalulekile ukulungiselela amathuluzi. Uzodinga:

• Ukushisa kagesi;
• Iqoqo lama-screwdrivers;
• Ibhulashi yensimbi;
• I-Screwdriver;
• A hacksaw on izinkuni ;
• Roller;
• Okuyinhloko;
• Izikhalo;
• I-Gon;
• I-sandpaper;
• I-Hammer;
• Imitha ye-Roulette;
• Umbusi we-Metal;
• Ummese wokwakha.

Ukulungiselela izinto

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi amasango abukeka ekhangayo ngaphakathi, ungasebenzisa izinto ezibhekene nazo, ngezinye izikhathi ibhodi ekhontiwe, i-pining yamapulangwe, i- plywood engenamanzi noma i-OSB. Njengomkhuba wokubonisa, kungcono ukukhetha ama-chipboards asezintambo, njengoba zinezinzuzo eziningi, okungukuthi: izinto eziqinile ngokwanele futhi ezinokwethenjelwa, okulula ukucubungula, zinezinga eliphansi lokuphambana nomswakama futhi liqeda isidingo sezingqamuzana zomswakama wokubamba ukushisa ukushisa ukushisa. Ama-Chipboards ahloswe angathengwa ngezindleko eziphansi, futhi emva kokuqedwa komsebenzi iminyango izoba nokubonakala okukhangayo. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amabhodi OSB-3 noma OSB-4 ukugqoka, ubukhulu obungaba ngu-10 mm. Izinto ezinjalo zenzelwe izakhiwo, izimo zazo ezibonakala ngezinga eliphakeme lomswakama.

Ngemuva kokuthi unqume ubukhulu besango, bala inani lamapuleti. Ngamunye wabo unezilinganiso ezijwayelekile ze-1250x2500 mm. Ngokuvamile, inkosi ilawula izikhwama ezimbili, futhi ngemuva kokuba umsebenzi uhlale usika izihlahla, ongasetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo. Ukufudumala kweminyango yegalaji kuhambisana nokufakwa kwe-lath, lapho izinto ezibhekene nazo zizofakwa khona. Ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo lohlaka, kunconywa ukuba usebenzise izigxobo zokhuni zesigaba sendawo eceleni kuka-4 cm. Zigxile engxenyeni exhasayo yesango, indima lapho izingxenyeni zensimbi zihamba khona, ngezinye izikhathi ipayipi lephrofayli. Yiba ngangokunokwenzeka, i-crate kumele ifakwe kuzungeze umjikelezo nasendaweni yendwangu. Ibanga phakathi kwezakhi ze-crate kufanele kube ngu-40 cm.

Ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa

Uma ukufakwa kwezingcango zegalaji ne-polystyrene noma i-polystyrene enwetshiwe kuhambisane nokufakwa komshini okuqhubekayo, ngaphambi kokufakwa kwesimiso sohlaka, imigoqo yamapulangwe kufanele iphathwe nge-antiseptic. Kuye ngokuthi yikuphi ukubunjwa okuzosetshenziselwa, kungase kudingeke ukusebenzisa eyodwa noma ezimbili izendlalelo. Udinga ukukhiqiza le misebenzi usebenzisa ibhulashi evamile. Ngesikhathi ukomisa imigoqo, kungenzeka ukubhekana nokulungiswa kwendawo yangaphakathi yesango, ngaleyo njongo ukugqwala kuhlanjululwa kwensimbi, okwenza kube lula ngokunethezeka ngokunamathiselwe kwi-drill. Kubalulekile ukuhlanza wonke umdwebo odwebayo, ezindaweni ezinzima ukufika kuzo kulula ukusebenzisa ibhulashi ngensimbi yensimbi. Ngesinye isikhathi ochwepheshe banelungelo lokusebenzisa ukusebenzisa i-sandpaper, okumele inkosi ihambe kuyo yonke indawo, lokhu kuzokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yokunamathela kwe-primer ensimbi.

Esikhathini esilandelayo ubuso buphathwa nge-primer engaxhunyiwe, lusetshenziswa ezinqabeni ezimbili. Isiqondiso sesibili kufanele sibe yi-perpendicular to the first. Uma nje ulindele ukumile okuphelele komhlaba, kufanele unakekele ukungena kwamanzi, okuhambisana nesikhumba esivamile. Uma kusetshenziswe i-polystyrene ekhishwe, lo msebenzi awukwenziwa. Ukuvimbela amanzi kungenziwa nge-bittic ye-bittic, ngezinye izikhathi izimpande ezifaka umoya-mpilo zihlanganiswe phezulu.

Amathiphu wokufaka i-burr

Lapho iminyango yegaraji igxiliwe ngezandla zabo, isithombe sinconywa ukuba sicatshangelwe ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale, okuzokuvumela ukuthi ungabandakanyi amaphutha amaningi. Esikhathini esilandelayo, ukufakwa kwekhredithi kwenziwa, ngokuya ngobukhulu be-wicket, imigoqo yobude obudingekayo iyanqunywa, akufanele ihlukane. Kulezo zindawo lapho kutholakala khona ukukhiya kanye nama-bolts, kanye nama-grilles we-ventilation, kuyadingeka ukwenza uhlaka oluvela emigoqweni, ulungise emjikelezweni. Ukulungisa lezi zakhi i-drill kagesi ifakwe imigodi eminingana, ibanga eliphakathi kwama-25 cm. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswe umshini we-4-mm. Kulezo zindawo lapho imigoqo izofakwa khona emgodini, izimbobo kufanele zibe ngu-5 mm. Ngaphambi kokumbala kunconywa ukwenza izindawo zokumaketha nezama-nakernit ukuze umshini ungashintshi.

Ukubhekisela

Lapho iminyango yesigaraji ichitheka ngezandla zayo, ngezinye izikhathi i-crate idingeka ngaphandle kokufaka izinto ezibhekene nazo. Noma kunjalo, ukufakwa komugqa ophansi wezingqimba ezizungezile kungase kuhambisane nezinkinga ezithile, okungukuthi akunakwenzeka ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezilukhuni ngethuluzi. Uma ususa isango, lo msebenzi ungenziwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, uma kungenjalo, bese unamathisela ibha kuze kube sekupheleni, ngoba lonke igridi lizothatha iningi lomthwalo kusuka kwento ebhekene nayo.

Izinkanyezi zokufaka i-heater

Ukufudumala kweminyango yegalaji yensimbi kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngephutha, kufanele kusetshenziswe ngemuva kokulinganisa isikhala phakathi kwemishayo. Ehlangothini ngalunye, cishe u-3 mm wezinto eziseleyo, ukuze i-foam ibekwa phakathi kwemigoqo ngokuqinile. Uma usika, qinisekisa ukuthi i-blade ingena ekutshaleni kwe-thermal, uma i-blade iguquguquka, khona-ke ingaholela ohlangothini, okuyiwona owephula umugqa wokusika.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukugxilwa kweminyango yegaraji ngepulasitiki ye-foam akuhambisani nhlobo ngokulungiswa kwemishini, ngoba kuyobe icindezelwa ngokumelene nesisekelo ngokubhekene nayo. Ungasebenzisa izipikili ezimanzi, ngezinye izikhathi usebenzisa i-foam ekhulayo, ewusizo esikhathini esizayo lapho ujoyina amajoyina.

Izincomo zochwepheshe wezingqinamba

Uma ukufakwa kwegesi emagodini ne-polystyrene enwetshiwe kwenziwa, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-slabs angu-40 mm, okungenzeka abe nobukhulu obuhlukile. Uma uthenga izinto, kubalulekile ukucabangela indawo yethrekhi, ukuze ukusika kwe-foam kungaphelelani nokubunjwa kwenqwaba ye-scraps. Uma kunokwenzeka, zama ukuqinisa amashidi aqinile. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga i-polystyrene foam ekhishwe, ngoba inkomba yokungena kwamanzi ayincane kakhulu, cishe akudingekile ukuyivikela emanzini, kodwa ukugxeka okunjalo kubiza ngaphezulu. Njengomkhuba wokubonisa, ukusebenza nge-polystyrene e-extruded kulula kakhulu, ayikwazi ukuqubuka lapho kunqunywa.

Ukufaka lath for a heater

Ukuze ukufakwa kwamabhuleki kufanele kusetshenziswe izigxobo ezigqinsiwe zokusebenza ngamapulangwe, ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube yi-3.5x30 mm, ngokuphathelene nokulungisa izimpande zecala, bese uzilungisa usebenzisa izikrini zokubamba ngokulingana kwe-4.5x70 mm, zifakiwe ekugcineni. Uma ifreyimu yesango lenziwe ngepayipi yephrofayili, ubude bezikrini kumele banda ngokufaka isigaba sepayipi. Ama-fasteners kufanele afake ibha ekujuleni kwe-1/2 yesigaba sokunqamula, uma ufaka izinto ezibhekene nazo, kungcono ukusebenzisa izikuluvu nge-washher press ngokulinganisa kuka-4.2x32 mm.

Ukubonga

Ukufudumala kweminyango yegalaji kuvamise nje emva kokufaka isicelo se-primer esakhiweni sensimbi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-anti-corrosion agent, okuqeda ukubunjwa kwembusi emswakama ophezulu. I-Primer ingaba yiyiphi, ngokusekelwe kuma-resky alkyd noma ama-synthetic resins. Kumele iklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa emazingeni ahlukahlukene okushisa. Ukwehlisa izinga, kubalulekile ukuthenga i-solvent kanye ne-primer.

Ukufudumala nge-foam

Ukufudumala kweminyango yegaraji nge-foam eqhubekayo kuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kobuciko noma i-polystyrene foam. Ngokushesha nje lapho amapuleti okufaka ukufaka amafayili afakwa esakhiweni sensimbi, wonke amalunga kufanele agcwaliswe isikhumba esiphezulu. Kungcono ukuthenga inguqulo yomsebenzi wayo, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwesibhamu. Lokhu kukwakhiwa kunwetshwa kancane ngevolumu, futhi isibhamu senza kube lula ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela endaweni efanele futhi kunoma yikuphi ukulingana. Ukuze kukhishwe ukubola kwemishayo, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-agent esebenzayo, ingenziwa ngamafutha noma ngamanzi, ngezinye izikhathi izixube ezinjalo ziyipende enezinto ezihlukumezayo. Uma unquma ukusebenzisa i-Foam evamile, kufanele ivikelwe emanzini. Lokhu kungenziwa nge-membrane yesikhubekiso se-vapor, i-self-adhesive insulant "Izolon" noma i-mastic bitumen.

Ukufudumala kwemisebenzi yesigaba

Ukufakwa kwezingcingo zesigcawu segalaji kwenziwa cishe ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo obuchazwe ngenhla. Ngaphambi kokuqala kudingekile ukukhetha indaba, okungaba yi-styrofoam, ukufakwa kwayo kuyenziwa ngosizo lwamaphilisi epulasitiki. Lezi zinto zingamelana nokubunjwa namafungus. Uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komlilo, kufanele ukhethe u-foam, okwenziwe ngokusebenzisa abashayeli bomlilo, uma kwenzeka umlilo, izinto ezibonakalayo zizobonisa izakhiwo ezifana nokuzicima.

Uma kungenzeka ukusebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile, kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise i-polyurethane foam yokuxubha. Umsebenzi uzodla ngaphezulu uma uqhutshwa yiqembu labakhi bezobuchwepheshe, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kuzoba phezulu. Isigaba sokuqala amasango, kanye nezigaba ngabanye. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa ukwaziswa ngokuvumelana nemingcele. Ukugxila kubambelela phezulu, futhi ukuqhuma kwesikhumba kusetshenziselwa amalunga.

Lapho ukugcizelela kwamalungu eminyango yesigaraji sekuphelile, ungaqhubeka nokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-"Izolon", ngezinye izikhathi ibe yindlela eyengeziwe yokwehlisa ukushisa. Kwezinye izimo, le nto isetshenziselwa ukwelulwa okuyisisekelo.

Isiphetho

Ukugxilwa kwamasango emagcekeni egalaji akubalulekile kangako ukugxiliswa okushisa kombhobho ngokwawo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-foam ekhulayo ene-adhesion enhle kakhulu ngempahla eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokufakwa, indawo iswakanyisiwe, ngoba ukusondeza kwenzeka lapho uxhumane nomswakama.