Umkhiqizo "Levodopa": yokusetshenziswa, incazelo, ukwakheka, analogs kanye nokubuyekeza

Uyini izidakamizwa "Levodopa"? Yokusetshenziswa, intengo, ukubuyekezwa mayelana izidakamizwa kuzoxoxwa kancane okunye. Uyofunda ngalokho ezinqunyiwe le imithi, uma kuye kwadingeka iyiphi ukusabela ezingezinhle kanye contraindications, lapho akha ke itholakale ukudayiselwa, okuyinto likhona ngezithako zawo, njalo njalo.

Ukwakheka, ukuma, incazelo

Yikuphi izingxenye iqukethe izidakamizwa "Levodopa"? Yokusetshenziswa ibonisa ukuthi isithako zomuthi kuyinto levodopa. Ngo ukudayiswa kuba ngesimo amaphilisi isiyingi spigot nombala omhlophe, zahlanganiswa ngo nentaba cell kanye amakhadibhodi amabhokisi, ngokulandelana.

Umgomo we operation ye nomuthi

izidakamizwa "Levodopa" Isebenza kanjani? Yokusetshenziswa, ukubuyekezwa babike ukuthi le nhlanganisela ejenti antiparkinsonian. It ihlose ukuqeda rigidity, hypokinesia, liqhaqhazela, ukugxaza kwamathe kanye dysphagia.

Emzimbeni, wenza umuthi ingxenye is kuguquka Dopamine (CNS), kanjalo abakha ukushoda element.

Dopamine okwenzeka ezicutshini neuropathy, kubonisa ukuthi akukho imiphumela anti-Parkinson ka levodopa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi awusebenzi zingene isimiso sezinzwa futhi kuyimbangela enkulu ukusabela ezingezinhle zomuthi.

Ukuze wehlise umthamo we ketshezi esebenzayo emzimbeni womuntu inikezwa nomuthi lihambisana inhibitor neuropathy dopa-decarboxylase. Le nqubo kusiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ekuthatheni amaphilisi.

Pharmacokinetics

Kungakanani imithi ugxile "Levodopa"? Imiyalelo kwi uthi isicelo ukuthi ngemva kokuthola izidakamizwa emzimbeni it is impela ngokushesha ugxile kusukela amathumbu.

Absorption we ketshezi esebenzayo imayelana 20-30%. Kulesi nomphumela oqabulayo laligujwa ngemva mayelana 3 h.

Ukudla (kuhlanganise ukudla okuthile) oluthinta ngqo ukumuncwa zomuthi.

Umuthi is akheka, kanjalo ukwakha metabolites eziningana. Excretion we ketshezi esebenzayo kwenteka ngekutsi bafundzi nezinso ngokusebenzisa emathunjini.

izinkomba

Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo iziguli ezinqunyiwe isidakamizwa "Levodopa"? Yokusetshenziswa ngokuvumelana izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• syndrome postencephalitic okwenzeka ngenxa yezifo cerebrovascular noma ukudakwa anobuthi;
• Parkinson syndrome, ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kwabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa antipsychotic;
• Parkinson.

Izimo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona Izimo e "L-dopa" izidakamizwa? Yokusetshenziswa ibika ukuthi lokhu imithi asivunyelwe ukuthatha kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• hypersensitivity kuya izingxenye;
• kuhlangene mao inhibitor;
• ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ngesikhathi ukuncelisa ingane;
• iziguli ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Ngokunakekela okukhulu izidakamizwa kungenziwa baqokwa:

• emphysema;
• khona isifo wamaphaphu, isifo senhliziyo, isibindi endocrine uhlelo kanye ezitsheni;
• isifuba somoya bronchial;
• kuwukubonakaliswa sengqondo;
• melanoma (kuhlanganise umlando);
• engela-Ukuvalwa ukufiphala;
• ukuquleka okuphindayo (Ukudlikizela);
• evulekile-engela glaucoma, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-ifomu ezingamahlalakhona;
• izinso kanye isibindi ukwehluleka;
• isilethikusebenza (umlando), futhi izinhlobo izinhlobo ezahlukene arrhythmias e;
• isilonda duodenal nasesiswini;
• CNS ukubonakaliswa njengesinkwa nokucindezeleka njengamanzi;
• inhliziyo isigqi thuthuva.

Umuthi "L-dopa": yokusetshenziswa

Incazelo izidakamizwa seyenziwe ngenhla. Njengoba kufanele kube njalo?

Ngokusho imiyalelo, umuthi esithathwayo ngomlomo. Umthamo liyakhula kancane kancane kusukela ubuncane nobukhulu (kuye ngokuthi isiguli ngamunye).

Waqala ukwelashwa nge umthamo 0.25-1 g Le mali ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu. Umthamo liyakhula kancane kancane ukuba 0,125-0,75 g Kwenze ngezikhathi alinganayo besikhathi (isib izinsuku ezintathu), ukugxila impendulo ngabanye lesiguli, kuze kube isikhathi lapho umphumela elikhulu sizoba kusukela yokwelapha.

Umthamo esiphezulu ngelanga kumele singeqi eziyisishiyagalombili amagremu.

Imithi noma kunjalo, ungalukhanseli ngokucijile. Misa balithathe kancane kancane.

ukusabela ezingezinhle

Ingabe imiphumela emibi izidakamizwa "Levodopa"? Iziyalezo yokusetshenziswa uthi esimeningcondvo reception yayo ngesikhathi umuntu kungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi kube ukusabela ezingezinhle ezithinta ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlangano of umzimba:

• Isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: palpitations inhliziyo, arrhythmia, ukuphazamiseka ingcindezi, ukusabela orthostatic, nakwisyncope, nokunye.
• ipheshana wokugaya ukudla: uhudo, ukuhlanza, dyspepsia, sokuzincisha ukudla, ukuqunjelwa, ushintsho ukunambitheka, nomlomo owomile, ngopha pheshana emathunjini.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi hhayi ngaphandle ohlangothini ukusabela ezithinta ukusebenza kwe hematopoiesis, urinary, umgudu wokuphefumula, izinhlelo sezinzwa. Ngokuvamile e seziguli ezithola lokhu izidakamizwa komzimba kwenzeka, ushintsho imingcele laboratory kanye nemiphumela engathandeki esikhumbeni.

Amacala ukweqisa izidakamizwa (izimpawu, ukwelashwa)

Ekusebenziseni ebulilini yabonisa isithuthukisi abalulekile amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle. Izimo ezinjalo zidinga ukwelashwa ngendlela lavage, jikelele isimo zokuqapha lesiguli kanye nokusebenza inhliziyo. Uma kudingekile, afeze yokwelapha antiarrhythmic.

izidakamizwa ekuhlanganyeleni

reception nokucubungula ukulungiswa "ditilina" beta-agonists namanxusa ukuthi zenzelwe ephefumula izinzwa esisodwa, kwandisa amathuba arrhythmias zenhliziyo.

Bioavailability "Levodopa" kunganciphisa tricyclic antidepressant.

Ingxube izidakamizwa nge "thioxanthenes," "Diazepam" antipsychotic "Phenytoin" m-holinoblokatorami "clonidine", "Difenilbutilpiperidinom" "Papaverine", "Clozapine", "phenothiazine" "pyridoxine" futhi "reserpine" kaningi kunciphisa umphumela wawo antiparkinsonian.

Lithium ukwakhiwa ukwandisa amathuba okuvela dyskinesias futhi babone izinto ezingekho, futhi "methyldopa" nomuthi kwandisa ohlangothini ukusabela.

Inhlanganisela mao inhibitor futhi "Levodopa" kuholela kwegazi kahle. Kule ndaba, lo kweminyaka emkhatsini esenikwe lezi imithi kumele kube okungenani izinsuku ezingu-14.

ukunciphisa emakiwe e ingcindezi yabonakala ukusebenzisa imithi futhi kubhekwe "tubocurarine".

Izidakamizwa "metoclopramide" okwandisa bioavailability "Levodopa" kuyashesha bethulula esiswini. Lokhu kungase zibulale Yiqiniso lesi sifo.

izincomo Specific ukusetshenziswa zomuthi

Yini odinga ukukwazi ngaphambi kokuthatha izibhebhe "Levodopa"? Yokusetshenziswa (intengo ngezansi) esixwayisa usongo lwezempilo ngokukhansela ngokushesha a nomuthi.

Ezimweni lapho akunakwenzeka ukugwema zokunciphisa isilinganiso semithi oyidlayo noma ukuhoxiswa imithi edinga zokuqapha njalo kwesimiso lesiguli.

Ngaphambi izidakamizwa is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba kudle ukudla okunothe amaprotheni, ngoba kunciphisa absorbability we ketshezi esebenzayo.

Therapy kudinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo we ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo, izitho, futhi igazi nemingcele.

Inani kanye analogue

I abaseduze analogue "L-dopa" ukulungiselela kusho ezifana "levodopa benserazide" futhi "Levodopa Carbidopa". Yokusetshenziswa ibika ukuthi le mithi abe izinkomba esifanayo, imiphumela emibi, izindlela yesenzo kanye contraindications. I ukuphela komehluko owawukhona ngalezi zimali kuyinto Ukwakheka kwabo.

Izinto ezinjalo asebenzayo ezifana carbidopa futhi benserazide ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa Dopamine kwezicubu neuropathy, ngaleyo ndlela kwande inani levodopa ngokufaka CNS.

Ngakho, kungashiwo ngokuphepha kuqashelwe ukuthi nemiyalelo "Levodopa Carbidopa" futhi "levodopa benserazide" (yokusetshenziswa kwalezi izindlela nazo linamathele emaphaketheni) aqede ezengeziwe reception inhibitor neuropathy dopa-decarboxylase.

Njengoba for nye ontanga, ke zingozi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa ezifana "Isik Meath", "Tremonorm", "Dopar 275", "Tidomet", "Duellin ',' Sinemet ',' Zimoks", "Sindopa", "Isik" "Lac". Kufanele ukhethe udokotela kuphela.

Intengo "Levodopa" isidakamizwa impela high. Pharmacy, ungathenga le imithi ngaphakathi ruble 1500-1850.

imithi Izibuyekezo

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa yisiphi isifo kufanele sigcwaliswe kuphela ngenjongo i kudokotela onolwazi oluthé. Futhi Parkinson iyathinteka.

Iziguli abaphuza umuthi "Levodopa" kwalo yedwa, hhayi abe nomphumela oqabulayo omuhle. Ngakho ngokuvamile lokhu Izibuyekezo nomuthi ophambene. Abasebenzisi babike ukuthi ngisho nabantu ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside imithi ngcono esiphawulekayo ngilugcinile kahle.

Uma imithi esithathwayo ngaphansi ukucabangela isikimu, olwasungulwa nochwepheshe abanolwazi ulandela inkambo isifo, inqubo yokwelapha cishe njalo siphumelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-izidakamizwa esebenzayo kumele kuthathwe ngezilinganiso esiqinile, okuyinto incike nesineke, izici isifo nezinye izinto.

Iziguli ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana lwemithi yokwelashwa, babike ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa "Levodopa" siyasebenza kakhulu ukuqeda izinkinga zezempilo.

Eqinisweni, eziningi akhononde Izindleko eziphezulu zokuthola izidingo imithi. Nokho, ochwepheshe bathi intengo yaleli izidakamizwa buyafaneleka ngokuphelele.