Uqweqwe reagents: ukukhiqizwa, izici isicelo

Uqweqwe reagents - kukhona izakhiwo zesimanje ezihlinzeka cross-imigwaqo emadolobheni amakhulu. Asiza ukwenza imigwaqo iphephe, kuyilapho bona bangamaJuda izindlela ezahlukene imvelo.

kanjani ejenti?

Iningi lawo mathuluzi zenzelwe kangangokuthi bayophihlizwa ukwehlisa iphuzu ukuncibilika kweqhwa. Lapho strewing iqhwa deicing reagents kuholele yokuthi ketshezi asebenzayo uphehla ukushisa, okuyinto ngokushesha kusula endleleni esuka ukuqanda emigodini. Zonke Izingxube abaqinile noma uketshezi, inketho lokuqala uvame esetshenziswa ezweni lethu, njengoba nje iye:

1. Lula ukusetshenziswa.
2. Sasingekho isidingo ukusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile kanye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe.
3. nezindleko okuphansi kwezimali nge Ukusabalala endaweni enkulu.

I ukudla okuqinile kukhona ngokuvamile granulated futhi abe nekhono kangcono fusing. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye reagents deicing lolu hlobo zingasetshenziswa ngisho noma kushisa ngezansi degrees 30. Ezinye ukwakhiwa kulekelelwa ukugqwala inhibitor okuyinto ukuvikela komzila womgwaqo ekulimaleni. Iqhwa liyancibilika futhi isuswe kalula, kanye nezinga ukushelela kuyehla, lapho umgwaqo iba ahlanzekile futhi aphephile.

kusuka emlandweni

Isidingo ukusebenzisa reagent kwenzeka njalo ebusika, njengoba lokhu kuyindlela elula yokugwema kumiswa esifike ice emigwaqweni. Ukukhiqizwa reagents anti uqhutshwa ngokuhambisana izivakashi, nokubunjwa lokugcina akukho nemiphumela emibi ibhalansi bemvelo isuselwe kalula emhlabathini futhi ngeke kuyilimaze amathayi. Ngenxa yokuthi ubuchwepheshe besimanje singcono, futhi nangohlobo lwezinto izinto zokusetshenziswa uyakhula, yesimanje anti-Uqweqwe ejenti ukwazi ukunikeza zokusebenza kwemvelo nokuphepha.

Kuyaphawuleka, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva, lezi zakhi zishintshile kakhulu, futhi esikhundleni ezivamile peskosolyanoy ingxube (92% - isihlabathi, 8% - usawoti lobuchwepheshe) ukuza zanamuhla anti-Uqweqwe ejenti. Ukwakheka yabo ihlukile, kuye ngenjongo kanye esebenzisa nobukhulu bayo. Ukusebenzisa peskosolyanoy ingxube ekugcineni baba kuyinto engenakwenzeka, njengoba entwasahlobo endleleni wahlala isihlabathi ukuthi clogs endle. Kamuva kwanqunywa ukuyisebenzisa njenge reagent endaweni usawoti ngobuchwepheshe elula, okuyinto ngokushesha Ncibilikisa eqhweni, ke linamandla ngenyanga futhi isenzo njalo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezifana deicing reagents - usawoti ngokuyinhloko lobuchwepheshe - futhi babe nemibi. Okokuqala, bona ayebizwe e ukugqwala nemizimba imoto, izicathulo abedlula ngendlela, futhi lapho umhlabathi anosawoti omningi kakhulu, lutho luyokhula.

izidingo eziyisisekelo

Isimiso okusebenza kakhulu anti-ice elula: kube ubamba umswakama kusukela ice njengoba seningene ketshezi evuthayo futhi yancibilika zinhlayiya eqandisiwe amanzi ukugcwaliswa zinhlayiya. GOST izinto ngayinye ayo, kanye lobuchwepheshe nezimfuneko - sehluke-Uqweqwe ejenti singasebenza ukwelapha endleleni

1. ukuphepha obukhulu imvelo.
2. Ayikho ukulimaza ibhalansi yemvelo kwenhlabathi.
3. ukusebenza kahle High: izimali okusho ukuthi lokuhlala aphansi kufanele ihluke umsebenzi okusheshayo nhlobo okushisa.
4. Kulula ukusebenzisa: iningi izingoma bahlakazekile inhlabathi noma wafutha kuso.

isakhiwo

Reagents deicing ikakhulukazi aqukethe nosawoti ezahlukene - chloride, chlorates, hydrochlorides, okuyinto ukuqala sokuqhuba eshisa kakhulu, futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha. Ukuphumelela the reagents okuthuthukiswa izingxenye eziningana:

• izithasiselo antirust;
• biophilic izingxenye ukuthi ngcono ikhwalithi enhlabathini;
• accelerators ezisebenza eshisa kakhulu;
• baking powder.

calcium chloride

Eminyakeni yamuva, kukhona okuthuthukile anti-Uqweqwe ejenti, izici lobuchwepheshe ezinomthelela ukuhambisana kwemvelo. Futhi esikhundleni evamile izingoma okuqinile weza ketshezi ngempumelelo, okuyinto kulula ukusebenzisa futhi akabashiyi amamaki noma endleleni, noma on amasondo noma izicathulo. Ngo iningi ketshezi isicelo analogs HKM okuyinto ibusa kancane ukwazi ancibilike ice ngisho ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi iphinde ivimbele kumiswa ice.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, antiglaze reagent esekelwe calcium chloride zazinezinkinga:

1. Isebenza amahora amathathu kuphela, ngakho ukucutshungulwa umgwaqo kumele kwenziwe njalo.
2. Ososayensi behlola indlela yokwakheka ithuluzi baye bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi uma amathayi esetshenziswa encishisiwe ngomshikisho Coefficient nge ebusweni komgwaqo, okungukuthi, kuvela ukuthi HKM edonsela umswakama, ngenkathi odlulela usawoti lobuchwepheshe.
3. Calcium chloride akuyona nezimfuneko obhekene nezemvelo, njengoba angabangela komzimba kanye izimoto metal kwaluqeda.

Izinzuzo nezingozi nebubi

Ochwepheshe wazi ukuthi ngenxa izakhiwo hygroscopic-calcium chloride nabo iqhwa eza kuye ekusabeleni futhi uphehla ukushisa. Okunjalo anti-Uqweqwe ejenti, izici lobuchwepheshe zihluke kakhulu, ungawoni imvelo. Izinzuzo usebenzisa le reagent protivolednogo zihlanganisa:

• ikhono ngokushesha futhi ngokujulile zingene ungqimba ice;
• ukuncibilika okusheshayo ice nomhlabathi umquba;
• nokwehlisa ice adhesion amabutho kanye ebusweni umgwaqo ngenxa brine kumiswa;
• umsebenzi reactant esithinta ngezindleko zalo aphansi.

"Aysmelt"

Ukusetshenziswa reagents anti ekungizo ngokushesha ukuhlanza emigwaqweni yedolobha iqhwa. "Aysmelt" - into ilungiswe, okuyinto ongasebenza ngayo ngaleso lokushisa aphansi okungenzeka -20 degrees. Ukusetshenziswa yalolu ketshezi kuzuzisa ngenxa ukusebenza yayo, ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngisho utshani. Esebenzisa isakhiwo, ekubhekaneni ice, a elimbudumbudu crystalline grey ehlanganisa calcium chloride, i-sodium chloride, i-inhibitor ukugqwala esidingwa ukuvikela ebusweni.

Ukusetshenziswa "Aysmelta"

Ukwakheka impahla ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ukuze bagweme ukubanjwa. Kulokhu, "Aysmelt" lisetshenziswa kusengaphambili, ngisho ngaphambi ukuqala ebusika, ngoba impatho enamathela, okuyinto iningi kakhulu obala ingozi Uqweqwe. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, uma ukuphathwa oyokwenziwa phambi kwezulu. Ingqikithi ukuba basakaze ngokulinganayo phezu kwamanzi.
2. Ukuze ulwe Uqweqwe. Kulokhu nto isetshenziswa ebusweni ice, Ukuqedwa nezinhlayiya. Ngaphambi processing, enamathela zigezwe kusukela iqhwa okuxekethile.

Lezi izinto reagents deicing ifa izici eziningana:

• kulula ukusebenzisa;
• kudliwe esincane;
• It is hhayi yakhiwe izinto eziyingozi futhi ukungcola, ngakho isicelo lesifanele kuyoba ephephile imvelo, abantu nezilwane.

granite imvuthuluka

Antiglaze Lesi sidakamizwa isetshenziswa njengoba isikhathi eside kangaka, ngoba azikho izinto elimazayo futhi izindleko ukutholakala kwayo kuyamjabulisa. Ukuze ukwelashwa ngokumelene chippings umgwaqo ofanele ice ingxenyenamba 2-5 mm, okulula ukusabalalisa ebusweni. Granite imvuthuluka ezahlukene:

• amandla;
• ukuqina;
• kwemvelo kanye nokuphepha;
• zisebenzisa nhlobo okushisa.

imvuthuluka Granite kuveza kwasani imfucumfucu egwadle namadwala, ngemva kwalokho izinto bahlolwe bese wageza - lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukuletha Ukwakheka kusukela egwadle uthuli. Yiqiniso, lokhu akulona reagent ngomqondo ongokoqobo, njengoba engekho chippings liyancibilika eqhweni, kodwa ngenxa abrasiveness okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi adhesion ezinhle zezinto ezibonakalayo ice ebusweni futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi njengoba enjalo.

Peskosol

ingxube Mhlawumbe peskosolyanoy - yindlela ethandwa kakhulu ukuqeda ice amadamu. Kuyinto inhlanganisela emfuleni isihlabathi ngosawoti lobuchwepheshe. Ukusebenzisa zithako kuhle ngenxa eziphansi kanye nokwenzeka isicelo kunoma yimuphi okushisa. Ingxube is wadala kuncike ngezabelo ezithile, okuyinto incike ngezinga leqhwa izici ebusweni ngomshini. Nekusebenta ukusetshenziswa reagent kungenxa izici eziningana:

• isihlabathi ngenxa abrasiveness yayo ikhuthaza adhesion kangcono amasondo izimoto kanye ebusweni komgwaqo;
• usawoti Technical kuqinisekisa ukuncibilika iqhwa, okwenza kube ngaphansi oshelelayo.

Phakathi izinzuzo usebenzisa zithako - izindleko ezinengqondo, lula ukusetshenziswa, isinyathelo esisheshayo phezu endleleni bese usebenzisa kuzo zonke izimo. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi uma usebenzisa ongaphakeme grade isihlabathi, lapho izinhlayiyana eziningi ezincane, lokho kuyoholela kumiswa amakhowe endleleni. A mix ezinhle siqukethe ukuhlanzwa ingxenyenamba isihlabathi. Iphuzu lesibili - kuzuzisa ukusebenzisa ukwakheka kuphela uma izinga lokushisa akayena degrees ngaphansana 20, ngoba ngamanani aphansi ingxube ngeke banamathelane, futhi kuyoba nzima ukusabalalisa nombala.

izimali ketshezi

Namuhla ethandwa kakhudlwana ketshezi anti-Uqweqwe ejenti. Asekelwe ikakhulukazi calcium chloride, futhi injongo yabo eyinhloko - ukuba alwe ice ku umgwaqo ebusika, okuyinto ebangela umthamo omkhulu traffic. Izinzuzo usebenzisa izingoma liquid okuyilezi:

• ithonya ngempumelelo ku frost;
• lula iqhwa yokususa esebenza ngemishini;
• ukuqinisekisa ezingeni ukuphepha endleleni ;
• ukusatshalaliswa okusheshayo ebusweni;
• lula yezokuthutha.

ubuchwepheshe Izici

Eyokuqala ketshezi reagent ubuchwepheshe isetshenzisiwe e-Europe, futhi namuhla kuthandwa eRussia. Ingqikithi inqubo itholakala lokuthi ukuthi usawoti owomile oswakanyiswe izixazululo esekelwe calcium chloride, okwandisa ukusebenza kwawo ngempumelelo. ogelezayo nokumanzisa ubuchwepheshe muhle ngoba:

1. I reagent is nombala basakaza ebusweni komgwaqo.
2. I adhesion ukwakheka kanye endleleni iba ngcono.
3. I reagent sisendleleni futhi hhayi wathumba izimoto, ngokungafani kuya izinto eziqinile, ngakho kungcono ukusebenzisa izixazululo ketshezi endleleni ngamandla aphezulu.
4. Ukusebenzisa ketshezi reagent usawoti kunciphisa umthwalo kwemvelo.

imithetho Ukukhetha

Ngaphambi ukhetha-Uqweqwe impahla, kudingeka ucabangele izici ezifana:

1. High ukuncibilika umthamo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-calcium chloride kungcono kunokusebenzisa usawoti lobuchwepheshe, ngezinga kwethonya luthi alufane ice.
2. crystallization lokushisa Esanele, okuvumela reagent esetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
3. A viscosity efanelekayo sokuqanjwa, oqinisekisa ukuphepha ukusetshenziswa kwalo phezu endleleni. Uma indlela yokwakheka impahla has a chloride calcium, ingasetshenziswa ngisho emazingeni okushisa eqisayo.

Khumbula ukuthi reagents liquid ephumelela kakhudlwana, njengoba kukhona ogelezayo nokumanzisa we ebusweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa izingoma ezifana kuzuzisa akungenxa ukufana ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi komgwaqo, ukusetshenziswa ongaphakeme futhi ububanzi izinga lokusebenza ububanzi.