Uphi isikhungo sezwe saseRussia?

Ngokuvamile wonke amazwe achaza futhi akhethe isikhungo sabo somhlaba. I-Russian Federation itholakala ku-Evenkia, eduze kwechibi elihle kakhulu. Vivi. Abafundisi basezindaweni eziseduze bakha ithempeli bese bebeka isiphambano sobu-Orthodox, sibe nobude obuyi-8 m. Iningi lwakamuva, indawo yendawo yaseRussia yayikhethwe ngabacwaningi.

Kodwa-ke, lezi zindawo ezinamahloni izivakashi azihambeli kaningi, ngoba ungangena kuphela emoyeni. Nge-helicopter evela eTuva, indiza ithatha amahora amabili. Imithombo eminingi iye yabika ukuthi mayelana nokufakwa kwesigodi seCrimea kuya eRussia, isikhungo sendawo siye sashintsha entshonalanga. Naphezu kwaleli qiniso, abahlali abahlala emadolobheni ngezikhathi ngezikhathi beza lapha. Abalimi bezilwane ezinama-reindeer badla izilwane kulezi zindawo.

Lisho ukuthini igama elithi "isikhungo sendawo"?

Isikhungo sendawo yeRussia noma esinye isifunda ingqondo engacacile. Phakathi kwamazwe aseYurophu kubanjwe eLithuania, eJalimane, eSlovakia nasePoland. Indawo yesikhungo inqunywe kuye ngemingcele yezwe namaphuzu ayo amakhulu.

Ngomgomo ofanayo, isikhungo sezwe saseRussia saziwa futhi ebalazweni. Ukubalwa kwendawo yaleli phuzu kwenziwa ngu-Academician P. Bakut. Isimo esinemibandela yalesi sikhundla asivimbeli ukuyibheka njengesibonakaliso sendawo. Kanye nezinye izimfanelo zombuso, leli phuzu liyamukeleka ukucabangela okuphawulekayo ezweni.

Umlando wokusesha isikhungo sezwe saseRussia Federation

Izixhumanisi eziqondile zendawo zazinqunywa nguD. D. Mendeleyev ngo-1906. Usosayensi wenza izibalo ezitholakala emaphepheni, kodwa zancibilika ezinqolobaneni kuze kube ngo-1983. Ngaleso sikhathi bagubha iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu kaDkt. Mendeleev, futhi kulezi zixhumanisi ezibonisiwe (eduze komlomo weMr. Shirta) kwafakwa i-obelisk, eyayiyikhophi encane yomkhumbi wase-St. Petersburg Admiralty.

Ngemuva kokubunjwa kwe-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, imingcele yombuso ishintshile. Ukubalwa okusha kwesikhungo sendawo kwenziwa. Lokhu kwahilela udokotela wezesayensi yezobuchwepheshe uP. Bakut ngo-1974. Kungakabiphi ukujikeleza kwezesayensi nezemidlalo kwahlelwa, okubeka uphawu lwezwe lakwalelo zwe endaweni ephakeme yomfula. I-Taz, etholakala esifundeni seTyumen. Iphuzu lamanje lalibalwa emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Manje abantu abaningi bayazi lapho isikhungo sezwe saseRussia sitholakala khona, ogwini lolwandle. Vivi.

Ukuvunyelwa kwesikhungo nokufakwa kwesibonakaliso

Konke kwaqala ngeqiniso lokuthi izixhumanisi zaphinda ziphinde zihlolwe. Amaqembu amathathu ososayensi enza izibalo ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Ngemuva kokubala okunzima, siyeka ukuthi indawo yezwe laseRussia inezixhumanisi ezilandelayo: 94º15 'ngaphakathi. I-Etc no-66º25. W.

Ngemva kwalokho saqala ukwenza i-obelisk, eyofakwa endaweni ekhethiwe. Kwaqalwa amaphrojekthi ambalwa, kodwa okuqashelwa kakhulu kwakuyi "Golden Flower yaseRussia" eyengxenye ye-Papanin. Incazelo ye-obeliski kanje:

• Ngaphandle, kufana ne-flower blossoming - uphawu lokuvuselela kwezwe.
• Esiqongweni se-stem kukhona ukhozi okhanda kabili wegolide.
• Eduze phansi kwembali kukhona imiqulu yegolide efana nezikhala. Ebusweni babo kunombhalo onamagama abantu abathintekayo ekufakweni kwawo.

Ngokwenza njalo, ukukhiqizwa kwale miqulu kwanikezwa kanzima kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwesinye kudlulile ku-1 m. Ngaphandle, umbhalo uqoshiwe. Noma kunjalo, ubunzima obunzima babangelwa ukuvinjelwa. Ngenxa yobuhlakani babadali, yonke imibono yenziwa.

NgoJulayi 27, 1992, isikhungo saseRussia sakhiwa. Eduze ne-obelisk ithempeli lakhiwa futhi lakhanyiswa. Amalungu ophupho lokuhambela ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanele lapha wabonakala izindawo ezingcwele zezinye izinkolo ezintathu ezinkulu.

Ichibi Vivi

Eminye yamagwini echibi yilesi sikhungo seRussian Federation. Kuyindawo yamanzi ahlanzekile lapho amanzi angama-33 ageleza khona. Indawo ebhekene nechibi yi-229 km ² . Ebusika, ichibi liqhwaqwe yi-ice crust, ephuma kuphela ekuqaleni kwehlobo.

Azikho izindawo zokuhlala emabhange. I-Lake Vivi idonsela ubuhle bezinto ezizungezile. Kukhona icala lapho i-hermit ihlala lapha, ngubani ongafuni ukushiya izindawo ezinhle.

Geology kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo

Ichibi lakhiwa emkhakheni we-crust of earth, ngakho-ke izici zayo zishintsha kancane kancane. Kule ndawo, ukuzamazama komhlaba kuvame ukuvela. Unomumo owenziwe nge-bend angular bend. Ubukhulu bayo buyi-4 × 90 km. Emabhange kunezinhlanzi zama-larch.

Ichibi aliqondakali kahle. Kuze kube namuhla, ukujula kwalo okuqondile akuyaziwa. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi inani eliphakeme lizobe lisuka ku-80 kuya ku-200 m. Isizinda sendawo yaseRussia ogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yisona esinqunyiwe futhi sithinta kuphela i-reservoir.

U-Ichthyofauna wechibi uyingqayizivele: i-grayling, i-loaches enkulu ne-taymeni, i-whitefish. Ngoba abameleli abanjalo bezilwane lapha ngezinye izikhathi beza abahamba ngezinyawo nabahamba phambili. Ichibi lifanekisela isihloko esisha seRussia Federation, esakhiwe ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kukaWedkia, iTaimyr neTrassioyarsk Territory.

Insimu entsha yaseRussia

Ukungena eRussia Federation yase- Crimea yaseCrimea kwashintsha indawo yesikhungo sezwe. Izixhumanisi zayo sezivele ziyaziwa, kukhona isiphambano sobu-Orthodox lapho.

Ngaphambi kwalokho, indawo yeRussia yayisegqumeni eliseduze nechibi. Indawo yayo entsha ikhona amashumi amamitha eningizimu. Ukubona kube nzima nakakhulu, kodwa akuvimbeli labo abafuna ukufika nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka emoyeni.