Hlela futhi uhlaziye umsebenzi ozwakalayo

Zingaki izinkondlo ezibhaliwe, futhi kulowo nalowo umlobi wayefuna ukudlulisela kumfundi okuthile okusemqoka. Akukhona ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uqondisise ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo lombhalo obekiwe, futhi lokhu kuhlaziywa komsebenzi osebenzayo kuyadingeka, okungukuthi, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuhlaziywa okuzoholela ekufundeni ngokujulile komsebenzi.

Isingeniso

Phakathi nendawo yomculo ohlala njalo kukhona i-hero, incazelo nenhloko yenkondlo kumele ifunwe "emaqenjini abalulekile", okuvezwa kulokho okuhlangenwe nakho kanye nemicabango yeqhawe. Kudingekile ukuba unake izifanekiselo, ukuqhathanisa nezinye iziqephu ukuze uqonde indima yabo ematheksthini, asetshenziswa umlobi. Ngaphambi kokuhlaziya umsebenzi weLermontov, iPushkin, Nekrasov, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlele uhlelo noma uhlelo, okulandelayo kuzokwazi ukuhlukanisa inkondlo zibe izingxenye, uthole ukuqonda, wenze isiphetho, bese ubeka zonke izingcezu ndawonye ukuze ubone isithombe esigcwele futhi uqonde ukuthi yini Ngangifuna ukutshela umbhali kubafundi bami.

Uhlelo olulinganiselwe lokuhlaziya umsebenzi we- lyric

Abaningi bayelulekwa ukuba baqale ukuhlaziywa ngomlando kanye nesikhathi sokudalwa, okungukuthi, ukuchaza inkondlo eyenziwe kwenkathi yokuphila yenkondlo, kumicimbi yemlando kanye nemithonya yamasiko. Ukutadisha umlando kuzokusiza ukuqonda injongo yombongi, isimo sakhe sengqondo kanye nesimo sengqondo nesimo sokuziphatha.

Isibonelo, inkondlo kaPushkin "Ekujuleni kwensimbi yaseSiberia ..." yabhalwa emva kokuvukela umbuso ngo-1825 eSt. Petersburg futhi inikezelwe kumaC decembrists. Futhi umsebenzi we-AA Akhmatova "Petrograd, 1919" uzinikele ezenzakalweni zika-Okthoba Revolution.

Nansi indlela uhlelo lokuhlaziya umsebenzi we-lyric lingabuka:

1. Umlando wendalo.
2. Uhlobo lomsebenzi.
3. Imvelaphi engokoqobo neyomqondo.
4. Ukwakhiwa.
5. Izici zeqhwa le-lyric.
6. Izindlela zobuciko nezokuchaza.
7. Izincazelo ze-Lexical.
8. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibalo zokwenziwa kocingo kanye namafoni e-rhetorical.
9. Ukunquma ubukhulu benkondlo.
10. Indawo nendima yomsebenzi emsebenzini womlobi.

Izici zehlobo

Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi we-lyric kuhlanganisa nesigaba esinjengencazelo yohlu uhlobo oluveza isimo sengqondo sesibongozi kulowo oboniswayo bese ubeka isimo sengqondo esithile. Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo njengezinkondlo, i-elegy, i-sonnet, ingoma, ingoma, i-ode, umlayezo.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi iculo likhazimulisa umcimbi othile, umuntu noma isithombe, okusho ukuthi umsebenzi uzoba nenhlonipho nokubonga. Kodwa emicabangweni ezwakalayo enhle yezindlovu, ecabangela ngenjongo yokuphila, ngokuphila komuntu.

Ukuhlonza izihloko (izinkinga) emsebenzini

Indlela yokuhlonza isici somsebenzi? Kubalulekile ukunquma ama-pathos awo (ekuhunyushweni okuvela kwisiGreki - umuzwa oqinile ogcwele yonke inkondlo). Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-pathos: amaqhawe, ama-lyrical, ama-tragic, ama-dramatic, ama-satirical. Yilokho okuzobe kube incazelo yendaba, ngakho-ke, ukubonakaliswa kwezwe langaphakathi lika hero.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu okukhulunywe ngakho, uhlelo lokuhlaziya umsebenzi wezinsimbi lubonisa ukutadisha izinkinga, lapho indlela yomuntu ngamunye abonakala ngayo, lokhu kungukuthi, isici sesici senkondlo. Isibonelo, uPushkin wayekholelwa ukuthi imbongi ingumprofethi, kanti uLermontov wathi umlobi uhlale engumuntu onesizungu, futhi abantu abavamile ngeke bamqonde.

Izici zobunjwa

Uhlelo lokuhlaziywa komsebenzi osebenzayo luqukethe amaphuzu amaningana, okunye okuwukuhlolisiswa kokubunjwa komsebenzi, okungukuthi ukwakheka nokuhlelwa kwezindawo lapho ukulandelana kungakaze kube khona okungahleliwe futhi kunomthwalo we-semantic.

Ngokuvamile inqubo isetshenziselwa ukuphindaphinda, okwenza umkhiqizo uvumelane, isibonelo, ukuqala nokuphela kubheka okufanayo - "Ubusuku, umgwaqo, ilanga, ikhemisi ..." (A. Blok).

Kukhona namanye amasu okuhlanganisa: ukuphindaphinda umsindo, lapho ekupheleni kwemigqa yevesi kunezimiso nokuphikisa, isibonelo, izithombe ezimbili. Ukwakhiwa kwakha ngendlela yokuthi ukuhlukumezeka kukhula futhi kuqiniswe ngomugqa ngamunye, futhi umbhali ngaphezu kwalokho usebenzisa amaphuzu okubhekisela lapho imiphumela enamandla kunawo wonke yokusebenza.

Iqhawe elinamaqhawe

Into esemqoka emsebenzini we-lyric yiqhawe lakhe, okusho imizwa yakhe, imizwelo nemizwa yakhe. Kungenxa yezwe langaphakathi lamahhashi ukuthi umuntu angaqonda isimo somlobi kanye nezici zokubuka kwakhe kwezwe. Kodwa-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi imbongi iyichaza emisebenzini, cishe, idlulisela isimo sesimo sabantu ngesikhathi esithile. Isithombe sakhiwe ngesisekelo sokuhlangenwe nakho kokuphila kwendlovu, futhi iqhawe lingasondelana emoyeni, ngokubukeka empilweni, ngokuhlangenwe nakho, kodwa kunemibono ehlukile, futhi lokhu kuqhubeka kuwo wonke amavesi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlaziya umsebenzi wezingoma, izibonelo zingasiza ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi iziqhawe ezihlangene nazo.

U-Nekrasov emisebenzini yakhe wayevikela isizwe futhi wayekholelwa ukuthi ngokusebenzisa izinkondlo umuntu angaveza imibono yomphakathi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi wayengumqaphi omkhulu wenkululeko namalungelo emphakathini, kodwa wabonisa kulo mbongo ethi "Inkondlo Nabahlali", lapho inkhulumomphendvulwano iqhutshwa khona, kanti isakhamuzi sabiza imbongi ukuthi isenzo, ngoba manje akusona isikhathi sokulala "esitofu", futhi umphumela Iba inkulumo ethi "imbongi ongeke ube khona, kodwa isakhamuzi kufanele sibe", esho ukuthi awukwazi ukungafani nezidingo zomphakathi.

Ukuhlaziywa kwezindlela zobuciko nezokuxhuma

Ngenkondlo ngayinye umbhali usebenzisa imizila, okusho amagama nezinkulumo, ezingasetshenzisiwe ngokuqondile, kepha ngendlela engokomfanekiso. Ukukhipha ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wokudlala, kubalulekile hhayi nje ukuthola lezi zindlela, kodwa futhi ukuqonda ukuthi kungani zisetshenziswe kulo mbhalo, kungani lolu hlobo lukhethiwe, nokuthi lokhu kubonakala kanjani kulo mbongi. Kunenqwaba yamathambo, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukusebenzisa lokhu okulandelayo: ama-epithets, izifanekiselo, i-oxymoron, ukuqhathanisa, i-hyperbole, ukuzenzela umuntu, ukungahloniphi.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zindlela zobuciko njengezindlela, emisebenzini futhi isebenzisa izibalo zokwenza izinto (amasu ekwakheni umbhalo ukukhulisa ukuveza nokuthuthukisa umthelela womzwelo, njengephuzu lokumemeza noma umbuzo owubufakazi), kanye nokuhlanganiswa komsindo, uma, isibonelo, imigqa eminingana iqala Igama elilodwa, noma amagama afana nomsindo asetshenzisiwe.

Izindlela zobuciko zisetshenziselwa kakhulu izinkondlo, kodwa futhi zisebenzisa ama-lexical ukwakha isitayela nesitayela esithile. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-archaisms, imidwebo yemlando, ama-synonyms angama-sublime, lapho amehlo e-word efakwa khona ngabafundi, izindebe ezindebe, bheka-vizhd, njll.

Incazelo ye-system of versification kanye nezici zesiteji

I-Yamb, i-trochee, i- dactyl-konke lokhu kuyizikhulu lapho izinkondlo zibhaliwe khona. Kubalulekile ukuqonda usayizi uma udinga ukuhlaziya umsebenzi ozwakalayo, njengoba udala isimo sengqondo nesimo sengqondo.

Umsebenzi kaLermontov "Umthandazo" uyinambithi enezintambo ezine, ebhaliwe ngokuqinile, ngokucacile nangokuvumelana, njengomthandazo uqobo. Inkondlo kaL. Tolstoy "Uma uthando, ngakho ngaphandle kwesizathu ..." kubhalwe ku-chorea enezintambo ezine, lubeka isimo sengqondo sokuphila, okujabulisayo, okungalungile nokuthokoza.

Isigaba noma isiteji yiqembu lamavesi aphindaphindiwe emsebenzini futhi ahlangane nomlolozwano ovamile. Izigaba ezilandelayo zihlukaniswa:

• I-Couplet.
• I-Tertzin - iqukethe imigqa emithathu.
• I-quatrain.
• Okwesishiyagalolunye.
• Sextin.
• I-Celstischie.
• I-Octave.
• Nona.
• Okweshumi.

Ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wokudlala: izibonelo

Esikhathini sezinkondlo singalandelwa izihloko ezimbalwa ezikhulunywa ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane ezahlukahlukene ngezimbongi. Isihloko sothando sivame ukuzwakala ezinkondlweni zikaPushkin, odume kakhulu kubo "Ngikhumbula umzuzu omuhle ...", lapho inkinga yobuhlobo phakathi kwendoda nowesifazane ibonakala khona, lapho imbongi izama ukudlulisela kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi uthando oluphuthumayo lungaba kanjani, nokuthi ngeke liphinde lwenzeke .

Isihloko semvelo sasivame ukuhlabelelwa nguTyutchev no-Yesenin. Enkondlweni ethi "Birch", uSergei Esenin wachaza izindawo, izilwane, imizwa yeqhawe, azizwayo, ebheka imvelo.

Amazwi efilosofi alandelwa ezihlokweni zokufuna injongo yokuphila. Isibonelo, inkondlo ye-A. Fet "Asivunyelwe ukubikezela", inkinga yokuba, impilo nokufa, ubukhona babantu kanye nenhloso yalo uphenywa.

Ukuqonda ukuthi yiyiphi isihloko imbongi esiyikhethile kuyosiza ukwenza uhlelo lokuqala lokuhlaziya umsebenzi ozwakalayo futhi kuzokwenza kube lula ukutadisha. Ngaphandle kwezibonelo ezingenhla, abalobi nabo badala izinkondlo mayelana nobungane, isizungu, mayelana nezwe lakubo kanye nokuphila kwabantu, mayelana nenkululeko nenhloso yombongi.

Ukuhlaziywa-ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi ohlolisayo kuthatha ukuthi lowo owenza lokho unolwazi oluthile ezincwadini, angahlukanisa iambic kusuka ku-chorea, aqonde ukuthi ezinye zezindlela zobuciko nezindlela zokusebenzisa izinto ezisetshenzisiwe zisetshenziselwa ukubona umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzi.

Ukuhlaziywa akulula, futhi kuthatha isikhathi, kodwa uma ufinyelela enkulumweni yangempela, ehlanganisiwe enkondlweni, uyaqonda ukuthi imbongi ingcono futhi isikhathi esiphila kuyo.