Uphawu Rossolimo sika - reflex sokugembula, ebonakaliswa flexion neminwe ngezinyawo noma emabhulashini

Uma uthinta into eshisayo, isandla ibuyisele uyahoxa. Le ndlela yokwenza elula self-ukulondolozwa, okuyinto cishe kungenakwenzeka ukulawula. Isethi ikhaliphe omkhulu, futhi ikakhulukazi kwakhonjiswa kahle nge Izingane ezisencane kakhulu, okuyinto kuwusizo izifo, ngoba ingane Awukwazi ukusho ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, eyayingalungile kuye, futhi endleleni umzimba osabela ngayo liyazikhulumela.

mayelana ikhaliphe

izingane Newborn ngaphansi kweminyaka ethize ukuze nokusabela ezintweni ezihlukahlukene akuzona njengoba abadala. Futhi lokho ngabo kuyindlela yakhona, futhi kamuva kakade ithathwa njengendlela zokugula, futhi kudinga ukulalelisisa. Ikakhulukazi angasetshenziswa ukuqonda kahle indlela yohlelo womntwana sezinzwa, azikho yimuphi izici nezinkinga.

Ukuba izinsana isethi ezithile ikhaliphe edingekayo ukuze umuntu asinde. Ukucinga reflex, lapho ephendula touch esihlathini, ingane iphendula ikhanda bakhe bubheke umfutho ezidingekayo ukusungula amandla. Izingane ubambe iminwe, uma uthinte maphakathi usezintendeni zezandla zabo. Baqhuba kangangokuba ungavumeli ukwesekwa, ngisho noma ngaleyo ndlela ephakanyiswe. Lokhu nokunye okuningi kwandisa amathuba okusinda futhi kusiza ingane ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule.

Kodwa-ke, kuyenzeka ukuthi umuntu unika "ngokweqile" yokusabela ukuthi akakwazi ukulawula. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kubonisa nezinkinga ezingathí sina, nokwelapha ukuthi kungaba wezinzwa.

Rossolimo GI

Kube flexion reflex sokugembula, yaqanjwa usosayensi Russian, omunye izimpawu ezinkulu ngasekupheleni ukukhubazeka spastic. Kuwufanele ukwazi kancane ngalokhu wamazwe.

Grigoriy Ivanovich Rossolimo wazalwa ngo 1860 e-Odessa umndeni odabuka ngesiGreki. Ngo-1884 wathola iziqu uphiko lokuqeqeshela ezokwelapha eMoscow University, lapho ahlangana khona futhi baba abangane ngalo kanye A. P. Chehovym. I Rossolimo izithakazelo ububanzi ngokuyinhloko Neurology, kwengqondo defectology.

Ngo-1890 yena waba inhloko yalawa umtholampilo izifo sezinzwa, zifana kokuqhuba kwezesayensi efundisa eyunivesithi, owahamba ngo-1911. Issoledovaniya GI Rossolimo babe banikela ngendlela ebalulekile zokuba uchwepheshe wokuhlola izimila ebuchosheni, yi-multiple sclerosis, uvendle.

Waphinde wasebenza phezu nemfundo yezingane ne sokukhula kwengqondo, iye yasungula indlela ekuhloleni amakhono engqondo, yasungulwa amadivaysi ezokwelapha ezifana umthwalo cell, klonograf, ingqondo nesimo sendawo. Nokho, waziwa kakhulu ngokuqondene incazelo babashayeli inkambo isimiso sezinzwa futhi incazelo sokugembula we reflex flexor, manje ebizwa ngegama lakhe. It is kabanzi kule Ihlahlubo namuhla, nakuba umsebenzi Gregory Ivanovich ngale ndaba yanyatheliswa ngo-1902 - engaphezu kwengu-100 edlule.

uphawu rossolimo sika

Ngokuvamile, lapho le nkulumo isetshenziswa, kuba mayelana izinyawo, kodwa empeleni ingalungiswa futhi ngesikhathi ukukhuthazwa iminwe, nakuba mithandazo ngezinye izikhathi obizwa nge umcwaningi amagama Tremnera.

uphawu Rossolimo sika Cishe kuzo zonke izimo ezilotshwe izingane ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 zokuphila ke - ku-30% amacala. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kweminyaka engu-2, kuba ongathandeki, futhi ngemva 3 kusabela okuhle kungase kubonise nezinkinga ezingathi sína isimiso sezinzwa.

phezulu

Ngokuvamile, lapho abantu ukuxoxa Rossolimo reflex kusho ukuphendula ukuthi kungenzeka uma nomthelela tintwane takho. Kodwa kukhona futhi okuphikisana nalo e emikhawulweni engenhla, ngokuthi esihlakaleni.

Ukuhlola ukusabela, amadili wezinzwa, kuyilapho isandla entendeni phansi isikhundla staccato iDemo igalelo-touch on iminwe isivivinyo (ngaphandle isithupha). Endabeni zokugula siyenzeka Rhythmic flexion ukunyakaza lapho isiguli ayikwazi ukulawula.

aphansi

Isimo siyefana ne izinyawo. Ukuhlolwa ibekwe nendawo esimweni esikhululekile. Udokotela uzobeka punches emfushane pad kuze kube sohlangothini plantar. Endabeni ka basabele kahle waphawula flexion ukunyakaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isithupha okunalokho ngeke ashona. On the ingxenye obuka ke lizofuna sengathi cwaningo luhlose ukuthwebula namanje ecasulayo.

conditionality

Indlela Abasabela Ngayo ezishukumisa kuboniswa ngokuqondene ukudlula pulses endleleni ethile, okuyinto kuxhomeke kulokho ngqo ihlolwe reflex. arc Reflex - labo "amathrekhi" ezakha eziyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya yokwamukela, afferent (namangqamuzana ezinzwa yayifanekisela nomxhantela), maphakathi, efferent isixhumanisi futhi ekugcineni effector (isigungu).

Igama elithi yethulwa 1850 futhi manje kubhekwe kwezinye izimo ayilungile ngoba akuvezi ngokugcwele inqubo ukusabela nempendulo. Kunalokho wasikisela nomqondo indandatho reflex, Nokho, okuyinto, alisetshenziswa njalo.

Uma sikhuluma aphansi sokugembula flexor reflex, arc reflex kuyoba kanje: amathe receptor - emsipheni tibial - the sciatic - izinzwa we nomgogodla. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-lamaseli ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni yokusabela: sezinzwa kanye motor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa sciatic futhi tibial emsipheni ishayela ubuyela esifundeni kokuqala, ukuze imisipha, okubangela nokugoba yeminwe.

izizathu

uphawu Rossolimo kubhekisela izimpawu pyramidal. Lokho kuyindlela yemvelo yokusabela lapho omuhle emva kweminyaka ethize kubonisa nezinkinga ezingathi sína zezinzwa. Iqembu elithile ikhaliphe sokugembula, ibizwa kanjalo ngoba zisiza ukuxilonga ukwehluleka izinzwa emaphakathi we- cortex cerebral noma corticospinal (pyramidal) dlela. Ukulimala kungaba uhlamvu ezahlukene, kodwa njengoba umthetho, khuluma ngezinto eziphilayo.

Uma sikhuluma nezingane, kuze ebudaleni obuthile kuphela, reflex sokugembula ngabo njengoba enjalo akusiyo ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa enganele indlela pyramidal ngokushesha emva kokuzalwa. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukuphendula efa, ngemva hleliwe zonke ukuxhumana kudingeka. Ungacabangi ukuthi ingane siyabonakala reflex omuhle, akavuthiwe. Kufika izinyanga 6-12, kuba yinto evamile.

Inani

Flexor reflex Rossolimo siwukubonakaliswa motor neuron lesion isikhungo. Lapho lokhu kugeleza iyeke ku umgogodla intambo ukubopha pulses kule uxhumano futhi kuba nokwenzeka ukubona ukusabela positive ukucasuka.

Ngakho, ngokungafani namanye ikhaliphe pathologic, lokhu alikhulumi izilonda acute (ngaphandle ukulimala kusukela ukushaqeka umgogodla), kanye ukubonakaliswa ngasekupheleni izifo ezifana central (spastic) ukukhubazeka.

Imbangela yalesi sifo itholakala umonakalo namangqamuzana ezinzwa motor. Ngoba zemicu ezi- kuzo zitholakala eduze kakhulu, ukubonakaliswa zivame basakaza yonke ingxenye noma ingxenye yomzimba. Kulesi disorder kukhona ukulahleka motor umsebenzi, imisipha hypertonicity, hyperreflexia, clonuses (ukunciphisa ekuphenduleni amaphaphu) nokunye. D.

ukwelashwa

Ngu uqobo, ukukhubazeka spastic, nangemva kwakhe, futhi elisheshayo okungafanele synkineses (traffic friendly) kukhona nje okubonakalisa isifo ecashile. Kodwa kokunqotshwa lapho i-signal, kungase kube kanje:

• ukuhlukumezeka;
• izifo oncological;
• iziyaluyalu umzimba;
• ukutheleleka;
• ukudakwa;
• iziyaluyalu azalwa nako.

Ngo-60% amacala, ukukhubazeka spastic is phetho unhlangothi, kanye izimbangela ebhalwe ngenhla ngokusekelwe eBhayibhelini akhawunti nazo zonke ezinye. Esimweni ngasinye, udokotela ihlola isimo lesiguli, ukuthola izimbangela zezinkinga futhi ekwabela ukwelashwa okufanele. Kungenzeka izidakamizwa ukuthi ngcono kwegazi futhi usize ukubuyisela amangqamuzana obuchopho.

Futhi, yebo, kuba abayinakanga nezifo ecashile ukuthi kwayilimaza, uma kungenzeka. Uma kuba yinoma yisiphi ukutheleleka, kuzakuba khona imithi elwa namagciwane ezifanele. Uma sikhuluma ubuthi, kubalulekile ukwenza isenzo esifanelekile ukuze ahlanze kwezicubu zomzimba - isebenzisa umshini wezinso, diuresis ophoqelelwe, njll Futhi, ngokuvamile linqume Physiotherapy futhi reflexology, zokugeza ekhethekile, massage ...

Ngokuvamile, ukubuyisela izakhiwo ethintekile, uma bhalisiwe omuhle reflex Rossolimo akunakwenzeka, kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa lingaze kungaba ngokuphawulekayo ngcono isimo lesiguli kanye ngcono izinga lokuphila kwakhe. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe yezokwelapha ukululama ephelele sizokwazi, kodwa nje umgomo.