Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu zokuphatha kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu. UMthetho Federal of July 27, 2006 № 152-FZ "Ngo Personal Data"

UMthetho Federal "Ngo Personal Data" ulawula ubudlelwane ehlangene izikhonzi ukusebenza kwedatha yomuntu siqu eyenziwa nguhulumeni amandla emizimbeni, imigwamanda yohulumeni basekhaya kanye neminye imigwamanda, abantu nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho, usebenzisa amathuluzi ezishintshayo noma ngaphandle kwabo, uma imisebenzi zivumelana ubunjalo isenzo nokusetshenziswa kwawo. Ngenhloso yokulawulwa ukuvikela izintshisekelo, Amalungelo, bangasephula ukuphila nomndeni izimfihlo zakhe zangasese. Esesizokuhlola iziphi izinhlobo isijeziso kuhilela zoMthetho Federal "Ngo Personal Data".

Uhlolojikelele

Isigaba 24 152-FZ usungula ngqo izinhlawulo kungenzeka ezisebenza mthetho we nezimfuneko eziqanjwe. Unswinyo kuthiwa kwabalelwa yokubakhona izifundo wecala. Kwezinkambiso esungulwe civil, umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha for ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu, kanye isijeziso ngaphansi Criminal Code and Labour Ikhodi.

Administrative Amacala Ikhodi

Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu kungenzeka ngaphansi izihloko eziningana Ikhodi. Phakathi kwabo kuyafaneleka okulandelayo:

1. 13,11 - Ukwephulwa oda ukuthola, isitoreji, ukusatshalaliswa noma ukusetshenziswa ulwazi etholakale mayelana izakhamuzi, kwezinkambiso aqine.
2. 13,12 - ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuvikelwa kokwaziswa.
3. 13,13 - imisebenzi engekho emthethweni ezingeni yokuvikela kolwazi lomuntu siqu.
4. 13,14 - ukudalulwa idatha ishintshela kokungavinjelwe.

isijeziso

Ukwephula inqubo amiselwe nokuqoqwa, isitoreji, ukusatshalaliswa noma ukusetshenziswa kokwaziswa komuntu siqu ku izakhamuzi ukhomba ngqo isidingo ukuhambisana nezinhlinzeko kokubuyekezwa, ukulawulwa sikahulumeni. Ngokuhambisana Art. 13,11 kweKhodi Administrative, icala ubuso isexwayiso noma inhlawulo. Ubukhulu bayo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• abantu ngabanye - 300-500 deda;.
• izinhlangano ezingokomthetho - 5-10 thous ukukuthinta..
• abasebenzi - ruble 500-1000.

Ukwephula imithetho nokuvikelwa kolwazi

Ngo Art. 13,12 kweKhodi Administrative kuboniswa izimpawu saziso, khona kwalo okungenzeka umthwalo ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu. Lezi zimpawu zokuhlola ukunquma indlela yokwakheka emacaleni kuncike izinga esibekiwe. Lezi zici ozikhethela zihlanganisa:

1. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma yikuphi ukwephula esobala izimo babeka phansi ilayisensi yokuqhuba emkhakheni kolwazi yezokuphepha, ngaphezu ukwaziswa nokuba imfihlo isimo. Lesi simo sibonisa imvume lesibopho ukwenza imisebenzi elihambisana. Uma idokhumenti engekho, abukho ubufakazi umgomo sokuhlukumeza. Uma ukwephula noma non-ukuhambisana nezimo sigunyazo senzelwe inhlawulo. Inani lawo kanje: abantu ngabanye - 300-500 ruble izikhulu - 500-1000 ruble yezinhlangano - ruble ayizigidi 5-10 ....
2. Ukusetshenziswa semininingwane non-eqinisekisiwe futhi isitoreji idatha amabhange, zolwazi, kusho yokuvikela uma izinqubo ezifanele zinikelwa mthetho. Setha izinhlawulo ezilandelayo ukuze lidalulwe kwedatha yomuntu siqu: izakhamizi - 500 - 1000 ruble izikhulu - ruble ayizigidi 1-2 yezinhlangano - ruble ayizigidi 10-20 ..... Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngabanye nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho kungaba zithathwe amakhambi ezingakagunyazwa.

TC

Ngokuhambisana Article 85 kweKhodi, idatha yomuntu siqu abasebenzi ulwazi edingekayo ukuze umqashi ngokuqondene kobudlelwano emsebenzini, futhi kuhlobane ngokuqondile isisebenzi esithile. Ngu ukubhalisa isimo ikhanda entsha umsebenzi ubophekile ukuba ziyitshela ngale inhloso ngawo lucela ulwazi siqu uhlamvu yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi waxwayisa ngemiphumela yokuhluleka bakuvuma (lokubhalwako) ku nokuhlinzekwa kolwazi. Kulokhu, umqashi kungavunyelwe ukuthola nokucubungula ulwazi mayelana izinkolelo zalo zenkolo, ezombusazwe kanye nezinye, ubulungu izinhlangano zomphakathi, imisebenzi inyunyana, kanye nokuphila kwabantu kwangasese. Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu kwasekuqaleni senzelwe umphathi webhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unswinyo amiselwe ukuphathwa. Bona, ikakhulukati, abasebenzi nokunikeza ulwazi ubuqotho ngokuhambisana inkontileka umsebenzi noma incazelo umsebenzi. Lezi abasebenzi umqashi kungenzeka ukuthi abeke izinyathelo kwezigwegwe ichazwe eSigabeni 192 ka TC. Ikakhulukazi, iqalisa unswinyo ezilandelayo: yokuxoshwa, a ukhuze, amazwi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthishanhloko unelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa unilaterally sephule inkontileka zabasebenzi kanye umsebenzi, ukudlulisa ulwazi ivikelwe 152-FZ, okuyinto waziwa kuye ekwenzeni imithwalo yakhe yemfanelo.

GK

Civil Code, Article 946 sihlinzekela athwale icala esephule ngesihloko esithi "Izimfihlo zokuphepha." Ikakhulukazi, kuyinsakavukela Kumiswa ukuthi ummeleli yokwesaba. inhlangano alinalo ilungelo lokusakaza Imininingwane wathola ekusebenziseni imisebenzi okhokhelwayo. Kumayelana ulwazi mayelana umzuzi, umuntu oVikelwe, kuhlanganise isimo sezempilo lala mafu, kanye nesimo sabo impahla. Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu kwenzeka, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo amalungelo eziye iphuliwe, ubunjalo ukuhlukumeza. Ziyisijeziso iza ngokuhambisana nenqubo kanye izimo kuhlinzekelwe kulo, kulezo zimo futhi ngezinga elingakanani ukuqaliswa izindlela zokuvikela izithakazelo isakhamuzi sivela ubunjalo amalungelo angaphatheki lapho sokwephulwa kwe obenziwe kanye nesimo ngemiphumela isenzo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umkhuba isicelo sale kuyinsakavukela kancane eyaziwa.

Criminal

necala lobugebengu ngenxa ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu ichazwa Art. 137. Ngokuhambisana kuyinsakavukela, isijeziso likhokhelwa ngenxa yokwephula ubumfihlo isakhamuzi obonakaliswe ukuhlangana noma zidlulisela ukwaziswa akha umndeni wakhe noma imfihlo ngazinye, ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe. Umuntu onecala ukudalulwa idatha Article 137 kwenzeka endabeni ukudalulwa kolwazi enkulumweni yeningi imisebenzi ukuboniswa, kanye abezindaba. Guilty okusongelayo isigwebo malini 200 ayizinkulungwane. Deda., Ukuboshwa kuze kube iminyaka engu-2. Uma lezi zenzo ayenziwa nokusetshenziswa isikhundla esemthethweni, isijeziso uzobe toughened. Ngokwesibonelo, ejele lingafika iminyaka 4.

izincazelo

Ngaphansi kweMtsetfosisekelo, wonke umuntu unelungelo lokubumba noma lokuba sakhe ubumfihlo, umndeni kanye nobumfihlo, Ukuvikelwa kwegama ezinhle nodumo. Iqoqo, isitoreji kanye ukuvezwa kolwazi lomuntu siqu ngaphandle kwemvume we yisakhamuzi. Lo mthetho kuqinisekisa izimfihlo umuntu. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi bangaki abantu abayozuza kulesi ukuphila, ezilandisa kuphela umuntu othize futhi ayikho ngaphansi kokulawulwa umphakathi kanye nesimo, uma uhlamvu isebenza. A ubugebengu ewela ngaphansi kuka Article 137 of the Code Criminal, ngohlangothi umgomo libhekene footwork. Lubonakaliswa ukubuthana ukwaziswa okuhlobene nomndeni imfihlakalo siqu yomuntu, ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe, ukuzidayisa ngaphandle kwemvume, kanye ukushicilelwa zomphakathi zabo, okungukuthi, ukuvezwa kwemininingwane siqu besithathu.

izenzo ngokucacile

Distribution, ngokwencazelo yaleli Art. 137 we Criminal Code, ikhona yini emthethweni ngaphandle kwemvumo isakhamuzi ngokuletha ulwazi ezithebeni okungenani eyodwa isihloko. Imininingwane ukuvezwa indlela akuphazamisi kwebalingisi. Ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi enkulumweni yomphakathi kuhilela ngokuletha ulwazi izilaleli unomphela ezinkulu. Ukudalulwa kolwazi ukuboniswa idatha umsebenzi senzelwe ukubandakanya kokuqukethwe yayo. Ngaphansi abezindaba baqonde amaphephabhuku thayipha, ividiyo, umdlalo kamabonakude izinhlelo ezinyathelisiwe, newsreels, nokunye. Ezimweni lapho isibopho sezomthetho Kumiswa nezinye izihloko of Criminal Code, ubugebengu uyakufanelekela ngesilinganiso ekhethekile, ngokuvumelana Art. amahora 17. 3 Ikhodi. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ngo-wokusakazeka ulwazi mayelana imfihlo zokutholwa. Uma ulwazi kufakwe neminye imininingo, futhi ivikelwe umthetho, ukudalulwa kolwazi classified ku isethi imithetho. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi ku uphenyo futhi kubhekwa 137 310 CC izihloko.

isiphetho

Idatha yomuntu siqu libhekisela Imininingwane ivikelwe umthetho. Endaweni yokuqala ukuvikelwa yibhange nguMthethosisekelo kwezobuciko. 23. Leli lungiselelo is ebalulwe inombolo uMthetho Federal 152. Ikakhulukazi, imininingwane komthethosisekelo eyenziwe Art. 24 isiqondiso. Kuchaza izinhlobo icala, lapho kungenzeka baneqhaza umuntu kwephula ubumfihlo idatha yomuntu siqu. Isigwebo okuthambile kakhulu usungula Administrative Ikhodi kanye Labor Ikhodi. Guilty, ukusakaza ulwazi mayelana isakhamuzi, sebeqedile izigwegwe noma esihle. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, isisulu unelungelo ukufaka suit civil. Ukudalulwa idatha yomuntu siqu ngeke bajeziswe njengoba ngaphansi Criminal Code. Kulokhu, kuye ngokuthi isimo icala, lowo okonile kungase ngisho besaboshiwe. Ngeke ayekwe angajeziswa nalabo abasakaza ulwazi lomuntu siqu, usebenzisa isikhundla sakhe sabaprofethi. Kubo isijeziso uzobe toughened. Ngokuqondene ukuzivikela enkantolo, imithetho ukuhlinzekela ilungelo isakhamuzi ukufaka isicelo ubambe umhlangano ovalekile. Isenzo kungafaka imfuneko ngoba nokuvulwa umonakalo okungezona yezimali ngenxa yokwanda ulwazi uma isakhamuzi wayenamandla zokuziphatha / ukuhlushwa. Isitatimende iyawakha ngokuhambisana nezidingo Ikhodi of Civil Inqubo. Ummangali kuyodingeka anikeze ubufakazi obuqinisekisa izimangalo zabo.