Umbono Human umbala. Ithonya umbala womuntu

Man unekhono ukubona izwe ezihlukahlukene imibala kanye shades. Angaba ukubukela kwelanga, Emerald oluhlaza, ongagcwali sky blue nezinye ubuhle zemvelo. On bezibona umbala kanye nomthelela wakhona psyche futhi isimo somzimba umuntu uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

Kuyini umbala

Umbala libizwa bezibona subjective yokukhanya ebonakalayo ubuchopho bomuntu, umehluko oyiyo Spectral, iso waqonda. Abantu babe ikhono lokuhlukanisa imibala kuyinto athuthukile kungcono kunokwabanye ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.

Khanyisa kuthinta receptor photosensitive retina, base ukukhiqiza isignali adluliselwa ubuchopho. It kuvela ukuthi kwakhiwa bezibona umbala ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi iketango: iso (amanethiwekhi abuthakathaka futhi kwemizwa exteroreceptors) - ezibukwayo izithombe zobuchopho.

Ngakho, umbala - kuyinto nokuchazwa umhlaba Komuntu, okuyinto kuphakama ngenxa signal processing etholakele ukukhanya-sensitive aweso - izinduku kanye Izigaxa. Kulokhu, owokuqala obhekene bezibona umbala, kanti eyesibili - of the ukunemba twilight umbono.

"Isifo Umbala"

Iso iphendula kokuhlanganisa imibala emithathu eyinhloko: okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza nobomvu. A ingqondo ubona umbala njengoba inhlanganisela yalezi ngemibala emithathu eyisisekelo. Uma i-retina ilahlekelwa ikhono layo ukuhlukanisa yimuphi umbala, kanye Umuntu ulahlekelwa yakhe. Ngokwesibonelo, kunabantu abangakwazi ukuhlukanisa oluhlaza kusukela abomvu. Ngo-7% zamadoda 0.5% abesifazane izici ezifana. Kakhulu akuvamile abantu ungayiboni imibala emhlabeni, kusho ukuthi azwelayo retina yeso yabo musa ukusebenza. Amanye ezwa awaboni kahle ebusuku - lokhu kusho ukuthi slabochuvstvitelnye izinti. kuphakama izinkinga ezinjalo ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene: ngenxa Vitamin A ukuntula noma yokuba izici zofuzo eziyingozi. Nokho, umuntu angaba ukuzivumelanisa "umbala Kwemizwelo", ngakho akukho ucwaningo ezikhethekile cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola. Abantu obona kahle ukuba bakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinkulungwane imibala. Umbono Human umbala luyehluka kuye ngokuthi izimo zezwe. Ithoni efanayo ihlukile kukhanyiswe amakhandlela noma elangeni eliza ngqo. Kodwa iso womuntu nezimo ngokushesha ukuze lezi zinguquko futhi likhomba umbala ajwayelekile.

Wemiqondo yefomu

Ukwazi isimo, umuntu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola izimiso entsha ukuze izwe - wesimethri, isigqi, nika umehluko, ingxenye. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho wayeqondiswa ekuguquleni imvelo, ukudala umhlaba lakho siqu eliyingqayizivele. izinto kwesikhathi engokoqobo zehlisa engqondweni izithombe esitebeleni, ephelezelwa imizwa ecacile. Bezibona ijamo, ubungako, imibala ehlotshaniswa muntu ongokomfanekiso amagugu associative ngamajamo weJiyomethri nemigqa. Ngokwesibonelo, e-ukungabi khona kuhambisana mpo ziqondakala indoda njengoba into obungapheli, incommensurable, lama, ukukhanya. Ukuqina ngasesinqeni phansi noma ovundlile kwenza kube eziqinile emehlweni ngamunye. Kodwa idayagonali limelela ukunyakaza kanye namandla okubakhona. It kuvela ukuthi ukwakheka, esekelwe horizontals ecacile futhi verticals, ivame ukuba solemnity static, ukuzinza, isithombe esekelwe diagonals - variability, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho kanye nokunyakaza.

umphumela ezimbili

Kuyinto Eqinisweni wamukele ukuthi bezibona umbala kuhambisana ezinamandla ezingokomzwelo umthelela. Lokhu inkinga ibilokhu wafunda ngokuningiliziwe by abadwebi. VV Kandinsky waphawula ukuthi umbala kuthinta umuntu ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala, umuntu ehlelwa umphumela ongokoqobo lapho ilihlo umxhwele yimuphi umbala, noma ukumcasula kuye. Lokhu umxhwele kufushane, uma sikhuluma kwezihloko evamile. Nokho, i-umongo engavamile (imidwebo lomdwebi, isibonelo), umbala kungabangela umuzwa oqinile ngokomzwelo. Kulokhu, singakhuluma umbala imiphumela wesibili ngabanye.

Imiphumela engokomzimba umbala

ucwaningo eziningi ngodokotela futhi physiologists ukuqinisekisa ikhono umbala ukuthonya isimo somzimba umuntu. UDkt Podolsky echazwe womuntu okuqonda sibonwa umbala kanje.

• Blue umbala - kuyalithinta isinqandakuvunda. Kuyasiza ukubheka suppurations futhi inflammations. abantu ezizwelayo tint blue kusiza ungcono oluhlaza. Kodwa "ukweqisa izidakamizwa" umbala ebangela abanye ukucindezeleka nokukhathala kuzipha.
• Green - okuyiluthayo kanye analgesic. Anakho nomphumela omuhle isimiso sezinzwa, aqede ukucasuka, ukukhathala ukuqwasha, kanye kuphakamisa ithoni bese kunciphisa ingcindezi kwegazi.
• Yellow - kuvusa ubuchopho bakho, kanjalo kusiza ukuntula engqondo.
• Orange - kumqhubezela futhi ngesivinini ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ngaphandle kokuba izinga lomfutho wegazi. Ithuthukisa kwemizwelo, kuphakamisa ubungqabavu, kodwa ungakwazi bagqoke phansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• umbala Purple - kuthinta emaphashini, imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo futhi kwandisa ukukhuthazela izicubu.
• Red - kunomphumela ukufudumala. Kuvuselela umsebenzi ubuchopho, kususa melancholy, kodwa ecasulayo ngemithamo ezinkulu.

izinhlobo umbala

imibala ehlukene kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi umthelela ekutheni bazibheka. Kukhona theory, owawuthi zonke imibala ingahlukaniswa ukuvuselela (efudumele), disintegrants (abandayo), iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe, static, abayizithulu, amnyama amnyama efudumele futhi abandayo.

Ivuselela (efudumele) umbala ukukhuthaza excitation abese enza sengathi ezizihluphayo:

• obomvu - ezibalulekile, nginenhliziyo;
• Orange - a ethokomele, ofudumalayo;
• Yellow - ekhazimulayo contact.

Disintegrants (abandayo) excitation of amathoni muffle:

• onsomi - esindayo, ngo-ejulile;
• Blue - ugcizelela ibanga;
• ekukhanyeni blue - umhlahlandlela eholela isikhala;
• oluluhlaza - kushintshashintsha, ugcizelela ukunyakaza.

imibala iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe ukuthulisa umthelela umbala okumsulwa:

• Pink - a ongaqondakali futhi emnene;
• onsomi - into yasendulo engavamile futhi avaliwe;
• iyashintsha iyaphupha ibe luhlaza - soft, mnene;
• blue-grey - neqondayo.

imibala Static kungaba ulinganisele futhi ezicezile imibala okuthakazelisayo:

• oluhlaza okumsulwa - aqabulayo, befuna;
• Olive - opholile, ekusiza;
• ophuzi - kokukhulula, ubuyekeza;
• onsomi - beziphakamisa enkulu.

ithoni Izithulu neqhaza okuhlushwa (abamnyama); musa abangele excitation (grey); ukucasuka iqeda (omhlophe).

Warm umbala omnyama (brown) imbangela ukucobeka kanye inertia:

• ocher - ithambisa excitation ukukhula;
• brown engowenhlabathi - kuzole;
• konsundu - kuyasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka.

Dark ithoni abandayo (blue-black, umpofu omnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye) ukucindezela kwabanye ukucasuka.

Color and Personality

Umbono umbala ngezindlela eziningi incike izici siqu lomuntu. Leli qiniso luboniswa umsebenzi wakhe embonweni ngamunye umbala izingoma sokusebenza kwengqondo German M. Luscher. Ngokusho bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe, ahlale esesimweni ehlukene ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo angabeka basabela ngokungefani nombala ofanayo. Kulokhu, ikakhulukazi bezibona umbala kuncike degree of ukuthuthukiswa komuntu. Kodwa ngisho ne ababuthakathaka ngemilingo ukuzwela ezizungezile imibala empeleni baqonda ambiguously. imibala futh 'iyezwakala sidonse iso ezingaphezu kuka ebumnyameni. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ecacile, kodwa umbala ezinesihlungu zibakhathaza, futhi iso womuntu hhayi kungasiza ngifuna cool tint oluhlaza noma blue ukuze baphumule.

Khalara Ukukhangisa

Esikhathini sokubuyekeza ukukhangisa umbala okukhethayo abakwazi kuphela incike ukunambitheka umklami. Phela, kungenzeka kanjani ukuba ezinemibala egqamile ukuheha ukunakwa engicabanga ukuthi angaba yikhasimende futhi kube nzima ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bathi umbono ukuma nombala yomuntu kufanele kunakwe lapho ukudala izikhangiso. Solutions kungase kube ezingalindelekile kakhulu: isibonelo, on isizinda egqamile izithombe egqamile ukunakwa okungalindelekile lomuntu kunalokho ukudweba izikhangiso omnyama nomhlophe esiqinile, kodwa hhayi lettering ezimibalabala.

Izingane nombala

Umbono umbala izingane eba kancane kancane. Okokuqala, zihlukaniswa kuphela imibala efudumele: obomvu, osawolintshi futhi ephuzi. Khona-ke ukuthuthukiswa ukusabela engqondo kuholela yokuthi ingane iqala ukubona imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noboya obudaywe baba nsomi, blue and green. Futhi kuphela engu-ingane ekubeni etholakalayo zonke ezihlukahlukene umbala amathoni kanye shades. Eminyakeni emithathu, izingane ngokuvamile okukhulunywe imibala emibili noma emithathu, futhi ufunde mayelana ezinhlanu. Futhi ezinye izingane ayengayisebenzisa ukuhlukanisa ithoni eziyisisekelo, ngisho lapho ngineminyaka emine. Basuke kahle umahluko ngombala, futhi kungahle bekhumbula amagama abo, esikhundleni shades Lesisemkhatsini nomkhakha we eziyisisekelo nokunye. Ukuze ingane ukufunda ukuqonda kwezwe elisizungezile, kumelwe sifunde kahle ukuhlukanisa imibala.

Kutfutfukiswa kombala

Kusukela esemncane kumele bafundziswe kombala. Kid kuyinto curious kakhulu ngokwemvelo futhi kudinga ezihlukahlukene ulwazi, kodwa kufanele sinikezwe kancane, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukucasula psyche ebucayi ingane. Lapho esemncane ngokuvamile izingane abahlangene isithombe umbala into. Ngokwesibonelo, oluhlaza - isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, ophuzi - inkukhu, blue - esibhakabhakeni, nokunye. Uthisha Kudingeka sibambe okwamanje nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala kombala, ngekusebentisa tinhlobo zemvelo.

Umbala, ngokungafani kuya isayizi shape, ingabonakala kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ekunqumeni ithoni indima enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa by superimposing. Uma imibala ezimbili abekwe ngapha nangapha, ingane ngayinye uzokuqonda, okufanayo noma bahlukile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo akanasabelo isidingo sokwazi igama imidwebo, kwanele ukuba ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi efana "Plant butterfly ngayinye imbali nangebala." Uma ingane ifunda zibukeke ukuhlukanisa kanye nomdlalo imibala, kunengqondo uqhubekele ukukhethwa isampuli, okungukuthi, ukuba ukuthuthukiswa langempela umbala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa incwadi G. S. Shvayko ngokuthi "Imidlalo futhi umdlalo umzimba for ukuthuthukiswa yokukhuluma." Ukujwayeleka nezwe ngaphandle kusiza izingane ukupenda izacile futhi zithibe ngempela, eba ukucabanga, oqaphelayo, kuthuthukisa ke.

umbala ezibukwayo

Ukuhlolwa ezithakazelisayo iqoqo kuyinto umhlali eBrithani - Neil Harbisson. Kusukela esemncane wayengakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi imibala. Odokotela wathola wayenenkinga ezingavamile umbono - achromatopsia. Indoda wabona ngokoqobo ezizungezile kunjengokungathi ifilimu omnyama nomhlophe kanye azi- emphakathini anqunywe indoda. Uma uNeil bavumelana ukuba ulinge futhi bavunyelwe ukuba ukugxilisa ekhanda lakhe laba yithuluzi ekhethekile cybernetic evumela kuye ukubona izwe ngekwehlukahlukana kwalo ezimibalabala. It kuvela ukuthi bezibona wamehlo akudingekile. I otshaliwe Nile ikhanda chip ne-antenna kanye inzwa ukuthi ukuthola vibration futhi oguqula bayifaka umsindo. Kulokhu, inothi ngalinye oluhambisana umbala ethize: F - obomvu, maphakathi - oluhlaza, kuze - blue nokunye. Manje Harbissona ukuvakashelwa kuya esuphamakethe kufana ngokuvakashela club ebusuku, i gallery yobuciko kumkhumbuza yomkhankaso kuya Philharmonic. Ubuchwepheshe wethule Nile ongakaze ngokwemvelo umuzwa: umsindo ezibukwayo. Man siyingozi ucwaningo ezithakazelisayo umqondo wakhe omusha, isibonelo, sizikhandle elitholakala eduze nabantu abahlukene, ukutadisha ngobuso futhi uqamba ekumeni.

isiphetho

Mayelana bezibona umbala ungakwazi ukukhuluma phakade. Ngokwesibonelo, ucwaningo nge uNeil Harbissonom, lithi psyche lomuntu liwumsebenzi plastic kakhulu futhi ungakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kwakuhileleke izimo ezingavamile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusobala ukuthi abantu babeka isifiso ubuhle, okuyinto sivezwe kula isidingo kwangaphakathi ukubona izwe umbala, kunokuba ezinombala ofanayo. Vision - insimbi eliyingqayizivele futhi ethambile, ukutadisha okuyinto ethatha isikhathi esiningi. Funda ngakho ngangokunokwenzeka eyozuzisa wonke umuntu.