Uma bebheka esikhathini Dictionary: Cad - ubani lo?

ulimi Modern Russian wehlukile kusetshenziswa kanjani labadala sekudlule iminyaka eyikhulu noma ngaphezulu edlule. Ephapheme futhi beshesha, lishintsha kanye nomphakathi. Ukutadisha, isibonelo, isakhiwo lucebe yokukhuluma usukela emuva, okuyinto emisha emkhakheni isayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ezombusazwe, kanye nezinye izindawo ziye kwangena, futhi lokho irrevocably gone. Phela, neologisms, historicism, amazwi esiphelelwe - konke lokhu umlando wethu, lathunjwa izwi.

Yazi - Angazi, phatha - musa ukuphatha

Izikhulumi bomdabu zamanje ngokuvamile bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza: abangenalwazi - ubani lo? Bona ukudida nabanye eduze value futhi incazelo yegama elithi - ngenalwazi. Ake sizame ukuba asikhanyisele i puzzle ezithakazelisayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bheka kwisichazamazwi. Ngokwesibonelo, uVladimir Dal ephatha uphawu ngale ndlela: "Nevezha - igama kwakhiwa kusukela isenzo akazi awazi, angazi kanjani. Abangenalwazi, ukudelela, akazi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani, ukuhlala emphakathini. Njengesibonelo: awazazi conic ngatshala, ngakho ukhwela ngaphansi indlela ".

Endleleni, Dahl uveza ukuthi nakuba izwi 'wangazi "futhi itholakala ngokuba sibuyele emuva izimpande efanayo, kodwa ukubaluleka kwalo ezahlukene: umuntu ongafundile, hhayi abadliwa ncwadi ulwazi, emnyama. Njengoba isibonelo, uVladimir Ivanovich kuholela amazwi: "umbhali - kokwakhe, abangenalwazi - yayo", "akudingi ulwazi the ngenalwazi." Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ugcizelela ngokuthi "ukuntula ulwazi namanje neuchonosti". Ngakho, ngokwale ndlela Dahl abangenalwazi - indoda nge izikhala temfundvo, kutiphatsa, neyokungazi - yezihloko imfundo, ulwazi, esikoleni.

isichazamazwi Ushakov

Ukuqhubeka kwethu cwaningo ulimi, siphendukela nangenye umthombo ogunyaziwe - Dictionary eyahlelwa Ushakov. Lokhu uthi izwi ubhekisela kuyo yomibili wesilisa kanye isifazane. I ibalula umbhali ukuthi amathokheni kusukela amanani amabili. Okokuqala, abangenalwazi - indoda ngesihluku, ukudelela. Esesibili - emagama lafanako kuya eyayivame "engenalwazi." Njengoba izibonelo ezinjalo imikhondo omqondofana: .. Vahlak, umlimi umlimi, lout, snapper, njll Lokho Ushakov ihlanganisa imiqondo emibili kwelinye. Indlela abanekhono sikhundla, ngemva kwesikhashana siyowuqonda.

Ozhegov-Shvedova

I esishoyo Dictionary Ulimi Modern Russian, ukuhlelwa Ozhegova ukufunda: "Nevezha - ke luhlaza, ukudelela, umuntu eyihlongandlebe." E. Phakathi "bakwazi ukufunda nokubhala" futhi "bavuselwe" lapha uye aphethwe umngcele ecacile. It kuvela ukuthi Ozhegov ngokunembile ezingaphezu kuka Ushakov uyakucabangela engasho lutho bezwi, shades yayo okubaluleke ukusebenzisa izimo. Lokhu incazelo efanelana kangcono model of a emphakathini wanamuhla. Ngokwesibonelo, lo mkhuba bambalala ngesihluku ukuze imisebenzi yobuciko, esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo, emakhoneni olunothile yemvelo ngokunembile kufakazela ukuba ukungabi noma ukuntuleka kwemfundo, ulwazi, kanye izikhala imfundo, savagery zokuziphatha ngokomoya futhi incivility. Kuyinto kulo mqondo, futhi isetshenziswa ngokumelene babeyizidlova yesimanje elithi "engenalwazi". Futhi eliqhutshwa elifanayo isichazamazwi "ibhola" iza kuye alikwazanga wusizo kakhulu.

isici lwetakhi telulwimi

Ake ujike ezigabeni lwetakhi telulwimi ukuthi ukucacisa uhlobo morphological kanye syntactical yamagama. Godu zizosisiza inshokutsi yayo lucebe. Cad - ibizo, vusa, uhlobo ezivamile (.. Okungukuthi, kungase zisebenzisa nalabo abamele kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane), i-isiZulu kuqala. Kungenzeka noma bunye nebunyenti. ngamnyama "hhayi" duduza impande "vezh" ophela "a" ngesikhathi ukuhlaziywa izwi-okwakhayo. Ngu umsuka sihlehlela emuva iSonto lwamaSlav 'wangazi "(nge yat) ka" Veda ". ubufakazi eningiliziwe, bheka ngezansi.

On umbuzo etymology

Amathokheni 'wangazi "," Veda "," esinenhlonipho "angene isokhethi ahlobene, kodwa hhayi elilodwa-impande amazwi. "Veda" - esenzweni itholakala ngokuba sibuyele emuva "vedt," lasendulo Russian ie, "ukwazi" ... "Enesizotha" livela egameni "Tower" - "uchwepheshe" Sekuyisikhathi eside disused. Ngakho, ekuqaleni uphawu delimited wolimi, okusho ukusetshenziswa yesitayela. Okungukuthi: 'wangazi "kuba izimpande lasendulo Russian. .. Kwakheka ngumuntu Isiqalo "non" livela izwi lasendulo Russian "Tower", ie, "ochwepheshe", njengoba kuboniswa isici isici: nepolnoglasie. Igama elithi "engenalwazi" umsuka ngokuphelele ukuhluka Old Slavic. Inhlanganisela "isitimela" kubonisa kuba ngokuphelele ecacile, kanye ngala mazwi: izingubo, uzozala phakathi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 futhi ekhulwini le-19, amagama amabili kuyahambisana, waqoka umqondo ofanayo: umuntu ngeke abangafundile, kancane ababeyizazi lokho, izinto ignoramus. Khona-ke, e-umkhuba ulimi lutho iye yashintshwa amagugu. Ngenalwazi uvame ukubizwa abantu bedelela, discourteous.

Shade anencazelo "abangafundile" is kancane kancane esikhundleni, kusale esigabeni akusebenzi. Kodwa Izikhulumi yesimanje bomdabu uvame edidekile amagama amabili, ngokuya omunye phezu komunye. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa, lapho amagama zicishe kodwa apelwe ngendlela ehlukile futhi kusho imiqondo ehlukene, ngokuthi Emagama kanye amathokheni ngokwabo - Emagama.

Lokho umuntu onjalo izwi-abazalwane abanentshisekelo ngolimi lwethu!